Articles | Volume 13, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-315-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-315-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Model description paper
| 
31 Jan 2020
Model description paper |
| 31 Jan 2020
CobWeb 1.0: machine learning toolbox for tomographic imaging
Swarup Chauhan
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Institute for Geosciences, Johannes Gutenberg-University, 55099 Mainz, Germany
Institute of Applied Geosciences, University of Technology, 64287
Darmstadt, Germany
Kathleen Sell
Institute for Geosciences, Johannes Gutenberg-University, 55099 Mainz, Germany
igem – Institute for Geothermal Resource Management, Berlinstr.
107a, 55411 Bingen, Germany
now at: Ministry of Economic Affairs Rhineland Palatine, Stiftsstrasse 9, 55116 Mainz, Germany
Wolfram Rühaak
Bundesgesellschaft für Endlagerung mbH (BGE), 38226 Peine,
Germany
Thorsten Wille
APS Antriebs-, Prüf- und Steuertechnik GmbH, Götzenbreite 12, 37124 Rosdorf, Germany
Ingo Sass
Institute of Applied Geosciences, University of Technology, 64287
Darmstadt, Germany
Related authors
No articles found.
Thomas Kohl, Ingo Sass, Olaf Kolditz, Christoph Schüth, Wolfram Rühaak, Jürgen Schamp, Judith Bremer, Bastian Rudolph, Katharina Schätzler, and Eva Schill
Saf. Nucl. Waste Disposal, 2, 135–136, https://doi.org/10.5194/sand-2-135-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/sand-2-135-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Crystalline rocks are being considered as potential host rocks in the ongoing search for a suitable site for a nuclear waste repository in Germany, where there is no existing experience in terms of excavating a repository in crystalline rocks. The planned underground laboratory GeoLaB addressing crystalline geothermal reservoirs offers unique opportunities for synergies with nuclear waste disposal research and development, especially in the exploration and building phases.
Michael Werres, Frederik Fahrendorf, Thomas Lohser, and Wolfram Rühaak
Saf. Nucl. Waste Disposal, 2, 179–180, https://doi.org/10.5194/sand-2-179-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/sand-2-179-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The preliminary representative safety analyses in Phase I, Step 2 of the site selection procedure for the disposal of high-level radioactive waste in Germany requires, according to Section 7 (6) No. 4 EndlSiUntV, that
the basic possibility of safe operation shall be demonstrated but that a complete operational safety analysis does not need to be performed. This paper provides a summary of the methodology developed by the Bundesgesellschaft für Endlagerung (BGE) on this topic.
Lionel Bertrand, Claire Bossennec, Wan-Chiu Li, Cédric Borgese, Bruno Gavazzi, Matthis Frey, Yves Géraud, Marc Diraison, and Ingo Sass
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1316, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1316, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The assessement of fracture networks is a key element for underground reservoir studies. The available methods for such assessement are unfortunately very limited in the case of complex 3 dimensions geometries. The paper shows a new method to overcome these limitations through automatic detection from images of outcrops.
Paulina Müller, Eva-Maria Hoyer, Anne Bartetzko, and Wolfram Rühaak
E&G Quaternary Sci. J., 72, 73–76, https://doi.org/10.5194/egqsj-72-73-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/egqsj-72-73-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The German search for a disposal site for high-level nuclear waste is in its first phase. In the so-called
representative preliminary safety assessmentsthe possible future evolutions of potential disposal sites will be developed from our understanding of their past evolution. Erosion processes connected to glaciations can reach especially deep and could threaten a repository, while being very hard to predict. This makes them important to the site selection process.
Christoph Behrens, Elco Luijendijk, Phillip Kreye, Florian Panitz, Merle Bjorge, Marlene Gelleszun, Alexander Renz, Shorash Miro, and Wolfram Rühaak
Adv. Geosci., 58, 109–119, https://doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-58-109-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-58-109-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The mathematical basics of a numerical code developed specifically for the search of a site for high-level radioactive waste in Germany is presented.
The code is developed in accordance to the specific regulations. First tests of the code are shown.
Matthis Frey, Claire Bossennec, Lukas Seib, Kristian Bär, Eva Schill, and Ingo Sass
Solid Earth, 13, 935–955, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-935-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-935-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The crystalline basement is considered a ubiquitous and almost inexhaustible source of geothermal energy in the Upper Rhine Graben. Interdisciplinary investigations of relevant reservoir properties were carried out on analogous rocks in the Odenwald. The highest hydraulic conductivities are expected near large-scale fault zones. In addition, the combination of structural geological and geophysical methods allows a refined mapping of potentially permeable zones.
Eva-Maria Hoyer, Phillip Kreye, Thomas Lohser, and Wolfram Rühaak
Saf. Nucl. Waste Disposal, 1, 37–38, https://doi.org/10.5194/sand-1-37-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/sand-1-37-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This contribution will provide an overview of the methodology of the forthcoming preliminary safety assessments as a significant part of the next steps in the German site selection procedure.
Eva-Maria Hoyer, Paulina Müller, Phillip Kreye, Christoph Behrens, Marc Wengler, Tobias Wengorsch, and Wolfram Rühaak
Saf. Nucl. Waste Disposal, 1, 39–40, https://doi.org/10.5194/sand-1-39-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/sand-1-39-2021, 2021
Gesa Ziefle, Tuanny Cajuhi, Sebastian Condamin, Stephan Costabel, Oliver Czaikowski, Antoine Fourriére, Larissa Friedenberg, Markus Furche, Nico Graebling, Bastian Graupner, Jürgen Hesser, David Jaeggi, Kyra Jantschik, Tilo Kneuker, Olaf Kolditz, Franz Königer, Herbert Kunz, Ben Laurich, Jobst Maßmann, Christian Ostertag-Henning, Dorothee Rebscher, Karsten Rink, Wolfram Rühaak, Senecio Schefer, Rainer Schuhmann, Marc Wengler, and Klaus Wieczorek
Saf. Nucl. Waste Disposal, 1, 79–81, https://doi.org/10.5194/sand-1-79-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/sand-1-79-2021, 2021
Rafael Schäffer, Kristian Bär, Sebastian Fischer, Johann-Gerhard Fritsche, and Ingo Sass
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 13, 4847–4860, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-4847-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-4847-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Knowledge of groundwater properties is relevant, e.g. for drinking-water supply, spas or geothermal energy. We compiled 1035 groundwater datasets from 560 springs or wells sampled since 1810, using mainly publications, supplemented by personal communication and our own measurements. The data can help address spatial–temporal variation in groundwater composition, uncertainties in groundwater property prediction, deep groundwater movement, or groundwater characteristics like temperature and age.
Eva-Maria Hoyer, Elco Luijendijk, Paulina Müller, Phillip Kreye, Florian Panitz, Dennis Gawletta, and Wolfram Rühaak
Adv. Geosci., 56, 67–75, https://doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-56-67-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-56-67-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The German site selection procedure to identify a site for the disposal of high-level radioactive waste is ongoing. The current step of the procedure includes representative preliminary safety analyses, for which the methodology is described and a first insight on the implementation is given. We aim to provide a document to boost communication and discussion with the scientific community and the public, although the implementation is at an early stage and may be subject to numerous changes.
Sebastian Weinert, Kristian Bär, and Ingo Sass
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 13, 1441–1459, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-1441-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-1441-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Physical rock properties are a key element for resource exploration, the interpretation of results from geophysical methods or the parameterization of physical or geological models. Despite the need for physical rock properties, data are still very scarce and often not available for the area of interest. The database presented aims to provide easy access to physical rock properties measured at 224 locations in Bavaria, Hessen, Rhineland-Palatinate and Thuringia (Germany).
Leandra M. Weydt, Ángel Andrés Ramírez-Guzmán, Antonio Pola, Baptiste Lepillier, Juliane Kummerow, Giuseppe Mandrone, Cesare Comina, Paromita Deb, Gianluca Norini, Eduardo Gonzalez-Partida, Denis Ramón Avellán, José Luis Macías, Kristian Bär, and Ingo Sass
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 13, 571–598, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-571-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-571-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Petrophysical and mechanical rock properties are essential for reservoir characterization of the deep subsurface and are commonly used for the population of numerical models or the interpretation of geophysical data. The database presented here aims at providing easily accessible information on rock properties and chemical analyses complemented by extensive metadata (location, stratigraphy, petrography) covering volcanic, sedimentary, metamorphic and igneous rocks from Jurassic to Holocene age.
Leandra M. Weydt, Kristian Bär, Chiara Colombero, Cesare Comina, Paromita Deb, Baptiste Lepillier, Giuseppe Mandrone, Harald Milsch, Christopher A. Rochelle, Federico Vagnon, and Ingo Sass
Adv. Geosci., 45, 281–287, https://doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-45-281-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-45-281-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
The here submitted paper represents the first results of a larger project named
GEMex. The objective of the project – a Mexican–European cooperation – is to explore the geothermal potential of deep unconventional systems like enhanced geothermal systems (EGS) and super-hot geothermal systems (SHGS). New exploitation approaches and technologies are being developed, allowing the use of geothermal resources under challenging technical demands.
Meike Hintze, Barbara Plasse, Kristian Bär, and Ingo Sass
Adv. Geosci., 45, 251–258, https://doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-45-251-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-45-251-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
The presented study is conducted within the scope of the joint research project "Hessen 3D 2.0" (BMWI-FKZ: 0325944) and aims at assessing the hydrothermal potential of the Pechelbronn Group for direct heat use by means of an integrated 3-D structural-geothermal model that serves to locate potential exploration areas. The assessment is based on reservoir temperature, (net)thickness of the reservoir horizon as well as on petrophysical, thermal and hydraulic rock properties.
Leandra M. Weydt, Claus-Dieter J. Heldmann, Hans G. Machel, and Ingo Sass
Solid Earth, 9, 953–983, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-9-953-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-9-953-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
This study focuses on the assessment of the geothermal potential of two extensive upper Devonian aquifer systems within the Alberta Basin (Canada). Our work provides a first database on geothermal rock properties combined with detailed facies analysis (outcrop and core samples), enabling the identification of preferred zones in the reservoir and thus allowing for a more reliable reservoir prediction. This approach forms the basis for upcoming reservoir studies with a focus on 3-D modelling.
Kathleen Sell, Beatriz Quintal, Michael Kersten, and Erik H. Saenger
Solid Earth, 9, 699–711, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-9-699-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-9-699-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Sediments containing hydrates dispersed in the pore space show a characteristic seismic anomaly: a high attenuation along with increasing seismic velocities. Recent major findings from synchrotron experiments revealed the systematic presence of thin water films between quartz and gas hydrate. Our numerical studies support earlier speculation that squirt flow causes high attenuation at seismic frequencies but are based on a conceptual model different to those previously considered.
Kathleen Sell, Erik H. Saenger, Andrzej Falenty, Marwen Chaouachi, David Haberthür, Frieder Enzmann, Werner F. Kuhs, and Michael Kersten
Solid Earth, 7, 1243–1258, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-7-1243-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-7-1243-2016, 2016
Swarup Chauhan, Wolfram Rühaak, Hauke Anbergen, Alen Kabdenov, Marcus Freise, Thorsten Wille, and Ingo Sass
Solid Earth, 7, 1125–1139, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-7-1125-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-7-1125-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Machine learning techniques are a promising alternative for processing (phase segmentation) of 3-D X-ray computer tomographic rock images. Here the performance and accuracy of different machine learning techniques are tested. The aim is to classify pore space, rock grains and matrix of four distinct rock samples. The porosity obtained based on the segmented XCT images is cross-validated with laboratory measurements. Accuracies of the different methods are discussed and recommendations proposed.
S. Homuth, A. E. Götz, and I. Sass
Geoth. Energ. Sci., 3, 41–49, https://doi.org/10.5194/gtes-3-41-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/gtes-3-41-2015, 2015
Related subject area
Solid Earth
AdaHRBF v1.0: gradient-adaptive Hermite–Birkhoff radial basis function interpolants for three-dimensional stratigraphic implicit modeling
PySubdiv 1.0: open-source geological modeling and reconstruction by non-manifold subdivision surfaces
Reconstructing tephra fall deposits via ensemble-based data assimilation techniques
IMEX_SfloW2D v2: a depth-averaged numerical flow model for volcanic gas-particle flows over complex topographies and water
ClinoformNet-1.0: stratigraphic forward modeling and deep learning for seismic clinoform delineation
Addressing challenges in uncertainty quantification: the case of geohazard assessments
Simulation of a fully coupled 3D GIA – ice-sheet model for the Antarctic Ice Sheet over a glacial cycle
DeepISMNet: three-dimensional implicit structural modeling with convolutional neural network
Towards automatic finite-element methods for geodynamics via Firedrake
MagmaFOAM-1.0: a modular framework for the simulation of magmatic systems
A global, spherical finite-element model for post-seismic deformation using Abaqus
SMAUG v1.0 – a user-friendly muon simulator for the imaging of geological objects in 3-D
CliffDelineaTool v1.2.0: an algorithm for identifying coastal cliff base and top positions
Capturing the interactions between ice sheets, sea level and the solid Earth on a range of timescales: a new “time window” algorithm
Structural, petrophysical, and geological constraints in potential field inversion using the Tomofast-x v1.0 open-source code
Spatial agents for geological surface modelling
RHEA v1.0: Enabling fully coupled simulations with hydro-geomechanical heterogeneity
Modelling of faults in LoopStructural 1.0
PALEOSTRIPv1.0 – a user-friendly 3D backtracking software to reconstruct paleo-bathymetries
LoopStructural 1.0: time-aware geological modelling
Sub3DNet1.0: a deep-learning model for regional-scale 3D subsurface structure mapping
Analytical solutions for mantle flow in cylindrical and spherical shells
Towards a model for structured mass movements: the OpenLISEM hazard model 2.0a
GO_3D_OBS: the multi-parameter benchmark geomodel for seismic imaging method assessment and next-generation 3D survey design (version 1.0)
PLUME-MoM-TSM 1.0.0: a volcanic column and umbrella cloud spreading model
HydrothermalFoam v1.0: a 3-D hydrothermal transport model for natural submarine hydrothermal systems
Synthetic seismicity distribution in Guerrero–Oaxaca subduction zone, Mexico, and its implications on the role of asperities in Gutenberg–Richter law
A new open-source viscoelastic solid earth deformation module implemented in Elmer (v8.4)
pygeodyn 1.1.0: a Python package for geomagnetic data assimilation
IMEX_SfloW2D 1.0: a depth-averaged numerical flow model for pyroclastic avalanches
A multilayer approach and its application to model a local gravimetric quasi-geoid model over the North Sea: QGNSea V1.0
Development of an automatic delineation of cliff top and toe on very irregular planform coastlines (CliffMetrics v1.0)
Bayesian inference of earthquake rupture models using polynomial chaos expansion
Geodynamic diagnostics, scientific visualisation and StagLab 3.0
SaLEM (v1.0) – the Soil and Landscape Evolution Model (SaLEM) for simulation of regolith depth in periglacial environments
SILLi 1.0: a 1-D numerical tool quantifying the thermal effects of sill intrusions
The SPACE 1.0 model: a Landlab component for 2-D calculation of sediment transport, bedrock erosion, and landscape evolution
Ellipsoids (v1.0): 3-D magnetic modelling of ellipsoidal bodies
Global-scale modelling of melting and isotopic evolution of Earth's mantle: melting modules for TERRA
pynoddy 1.0: an experimental platform for automated 3-D kinematic and potential field modelling
Open-source modular solutions for flexural isostasy: gFlex v1.0
FPLUME-1.0: An integral volcanic plume model accounting for ash aggregation
PyXRD v0.6.7: a free and open-source program to quantify disordered phyllosilicates using multi-specimen X-ray diffraction profile fitting
r.randomwalk v1, a multi-functional conceptual tool for mass movement routing
Improving the global applicability of the RUSLE model – adjustment of the topographical and rainfall erosivity factors
PLUME-MoM 1.0: A new integral model of volcanic plumes based on the method of moments
Thermo-hydro-mechanical processes in fractured rock formations during a glacial advance
On the sensitivity of 3-D thermal convection codes to numerical discretization: a model intercomparison
Verification of an ADER-DG method for complex dynamic rupture problems
A semi-implicit, second-order-accurate numerical model for multiphase underexpanded volcanic jets
Baoyi Zhang, Linze Du, Umair Khan, Yongqiang Tong, Lifang Wang, and Hao Deng
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 3651–3674, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-3651-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-3651-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We propose a Hermite–Birkhoff radial basis function (HRBF) formulation, AdaHRBF, with an adaptive gradient magnitude for continuous 3D stratigraphic potential field (SPF) modeling of multiple stratigraphic interfaces. In the linear system of HRBF interpolants constrained by the scattered on-contact attribute points and off-contact attitude points of a set of strata in 3D space, we add a novel optimization term to iteratively obtain the true gradient magnitude.
Mohammad Moulaeifard, Simon Bernard, and Florian Wellmann
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 3565–3579, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-3565-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-3565-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In this work, we propose a flexible framework to generate and interact with geological models using explicit surface representations. The essence of the work lies in the determination of the flexible control mesh, topologically similar to the main geological structure, watertight and controllable with few control points, to manage the geological structures. We exploited the subdivision surface method in our work, which is commonly used in the animation and gaming industry.
Leonardo Mingari, Antonio Costa, Giovanni Macedonio, and Arnau Folch
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 3459–3478, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-3459-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-3459-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Two novel techniques for ensemble-based data assimilation, suitable for semi-positive-definite variables with highly skewed uncertainty distributions such as tephra deposit mass loading, are applied to reconstruct the tephra fallout deposit resulting from the 2015 Calbuco eruption in Chile. The deposit spatial distribution and the ashfall volume according to the analyses are in good agreement with estimations based on field measurements and isopach maps reported in previous studies.
Mattia de' Michieli Vitturi, Tomaso Esposti Ongaro, and Samantha Engwell
Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2023-80, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2023-80, 2023
Revised manuscript accepted for GMD
Short summary
Short summary
We present version 2 of the numerical code IMEX-Sflow2D. With this version it is possible to simulate a wide range of volcanic mass flows (pyroclastic avalanches, lahars, pyroclastic surges) and here we present its application to transient dilute pyroclastic density currents (PDCs). A simulation of the Krakatau 1883 eruption demonstrates the capability of the numerical model to face a complex natural case involving the propagation of PDCs over the sea surface and across topographic obstacles.
Hui Gao, Xinming Wu, Jinyu Zhang, Xiaoming Sun, and Zhengfa Bi
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 2495–2513, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-2495-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-2495-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We propose a workflow to automatically generate synthetic seismic data and corresponding stratigraphic labels (e.g., clinoform facies, relative geologic time, and synchronous horizons) by geological and geophysical forward modeling. Trained with only synthetic datasets, our network works well to accurately and efficiently predict clinoform facies in 2D and 3D field seismic data. Such a workflow can be easily extended for other geological and geophysical scenarios in the future.
Ibsen Chivata Cardenas, Terje Aven, and Roger Flage
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 1601–1615, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-1601-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-1601-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We discuss challenges in uncertainty quantification for geohazard assessments. The challenges arise from limited data and the one-off nature of geohazard features. The challenges include the credibility of predictions, input uncertainty, and assumptions’ impact. Considerations to increase credibility of the quantification are provided. Crucial tasks in the quantification are the exhaustive scrutiny of the background knowledge coupled with the assessment of deviations of assumptions made.
Caroline Jacoba van Calcar, Roderik S. W. van de Wal, Bas Blank, Bas de Boer, and Wouter van der Wal
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2022-1328, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2022-1328, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The waxing and waning of the Antarctic ice sheet caused the Earth’s surface to deform, which is stabilizing the ice sheet and mainly determined by the spatially variable viscosity of the mantle. Including this feedback in model simulations leads to significant differences in ice sheet extend and ice thickness at present day. The results underline and quantify the importance of including this local feedback effect in ice-sheet models when simulating the Antarctic Ice Sheet evolution.
Zhengfa Bi, Xinming Wu, Zhaoliang Li, Dekuan Chang, and Xueshan Yong
Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 6841–6861, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-6841-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-6841-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We present an implicit modeling method based on deep learning to produce a geologically valid and structurally compatible model from unevenly sampled structural data. Trained with automatically generated synthetic data with realistic features, our network can efficiently model geological structures without the need to solve large systems of mathematical equations, opening new opportunities for further leveraging deep learning to improve modeling capacity in many Earth science applications.
D. Rhodri Davies, Stephan C. Kramer, Sia Ghelichkhan, and Angus Gibson
Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 5127–5166, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-5127-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-5127-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Firedrake is a state-of-the-art system that automatically generates highly optimised code for simulating finite-element (FE) problems in geophysical fluid dynamics. It creates a separation of concerns between employing the FE method and implementing it. Here, we demonstrate the applicability and benefits of Firedrake for simulating geodynamical flows, with a focus on the slow creeping motion of Earth's mantle over geological timescales, which is ultimately the engine driving our dynamic Earth.
Federico Brogi, Simone Colucci, Jacopo Matrone, Chiara Paola Montagna, Mattia De' Michieli Vitturi, and Paolo Papale
Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 3773–3796, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-3773-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-3773-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Computer simulations play a fundamental role in understanding volcanic phenomena. The growing complexity of these simulations requires the development of flexible computational tools that can easily switch between sub-models and solution techniques as well as optimizations. MagmaFOAM is a newly developed library that allows for maximum flexibility for solving multiphase volcanic flows and promotes collaborative work for in-house and community model development, testing, and comparison.
Grace A. Nield, Matt A. King, Rebekka Steffen, and Bas Blank
Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 2489–2503, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-2489-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-2489-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We present a finite-element model of post-seismic solid Earth deformation built in the software package Abaqus for the purpose of calculating post-seismic deformation in the far field of major earthquakes. The model is benchmarked against an existing open-source post-seismic model demonstrating good agreement. The advantage over existing models is the potential for simple modification to include 3-D Earth structure, non-linear rheologies and alternative or multiple sources of stress change.
Alessandro Lechmann, David Mair, Akitaka Ariga, Tomoko Ariga, Antonio Ereditato, Ryuichi Nishiyama, Ciro Pistillo, Paola Scampoli, Mykhailo Vladymyrov, and Fritz Schlunegger
Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 2441–2473, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-2441-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-2441-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Muon tomography is a technology that is used often in geoscientific research. The know-how of data analysis is, however, still possessed by physicists who developed this technology. This article aims at providing geoscientists with the necessary tools to perform their own analyses. We hope that a lower threshold to enter the field of muon tomography will allow more geoscientists to engage with muon tomography. SMAUG is set up in a modular way to allow for its own modules to work in between.
Zuzanna M. Swirad and Adam P. Young
Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 1499–1512, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-1499-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-1499-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Cliff base and top lines that delimit coastal cliff faces are usually manually digitized based on maps, aerial photographs, terrain models, etc. However, manual mapping is time consuming and depends on the mapper's decisions and skills. To increase the objectivity and efficiency of cliff mapping, we developed CliffDelineaTool, an algorithm that identifies cliff base and top positions along cross-shore transects using elevation and slope characteristics.
Holly Kyeore Han, Natalya Gomez, and Jeannette Xiu Wen Wan
Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 1355–1373, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-1355-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-1355-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Interactions between ice sheets, sea level and the solid Earth occur over a range of timescales from years to tens of thousands of years. This requires coupled ice-sheet–sea-level models to exchange information frequently, leading to a quadratic increase in computation time with the number of model timesteps. We present a new sea-level model algorithm that allows coupled models to improve the computational feasibility and precisely capture short-term interactions within longer simulations.
Jérémie Giraud, Vitaliy Ogarko, Roland Martin, Mark Jessell, and Mark Lindsay
Geosci. Model Dev., 14, 6681–6709, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-6681-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-6681-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We review different techniques to model the Earth's subsurface from geophysical data (gravity field anomaly, magnetic field anomaly) using geological models and measurements of the rocks' properties. We show examples of application using idealised examples reproducing realistic features and provide theoretical details of the open-source algorithm we use.
Eric A. de Kemp
Geosci. Model Dev., 14, 6661–6680, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-6661-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-6661-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This is a proof of concept and review paper of spatial agents, with initial research focusing on geomodelling. The results may be of interest to others working on complex regional geological modelling with sparse data. Structural agent-based swarming behaviour is key to advancing this field. The study provides groundwork for research in structural geology 3D modelling with spatial agents. This work was done with NetLogo, a free agent modelling platform used mostly for teaching complex systems.
José M. Bastías Espejo, Andy Wilkins, Gabriel C. Rau, and Philipp Blum
Geosci. Model Dev., 14, 6257–6272, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-6257-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-6257-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The hydraulic and mechanical properties of the subsurface are inherently heterogeneous. RHEA is a simulator that can perform couple hydro-geomechanical processes in heterogeneous porous media with steep gradients. RHEA is able to fully integrate spatial heterogeneity, allowing allocation of distributed hydraulic and geomechanical properties at mesh element level. RHEA is a valuable tool that can simulate problems considering realistic heterogeneity inherent to geologic formations.
Lachlan Grose, Laurent Ailleres, Gautier Laurent, Guillaume Caumon, Mark Jessell, and Robin Armit
Geosci. Model Dev., 14, 6197–6213, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-6197-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-6197-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Fault discontinuities in rock packages represent the plane where two blocks of rock have moved. They are challenging to incorporate into geological models because the geometry of the faulted rock units are defined by not only the location of the discontinuity but also the kinematics of the fault. In this paper, we outline a structural geology framework for incorporating faults into geological models by directly incorporating kinematics into the mathematical framework of the model.
Florence Colleoni, Laura De Santis, Enrico Pochini, Edy Forlin, Riccardo Geletti, Giuseppe Brancatelli, Magdala Tesauro, Martina Busetti, and Carla Braitenberg
Geosci. Model Dev., 14, 5285–5305, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-5285-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-5285-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
PALEOSTRIP has been developed in the framework of past Antarctic ice sheet reconstructions for periods when bathymetry around Antarctica differed substantially from today. It has been designed for users with no knowledge of numerical modelling and allows users to switch on and off the processes involved in backtracking and backstripping. Applications are broad, and it can be used to restore any continental margin bathymetry or sediment thickness and to perform basin analysis.
Lachlan Grose, Laurent Ailleres, Gautier Laurent, and Mark Jessell
Geosci. Model Dev., 14, 3915–3937, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-3915-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-3915-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
LoopStructural is an open-source 3D geological modelling library with a model design allowing for multiple different algorithms to be used for comparison for the same geology. Geological structures are modelled using structural geology concepts and techniques, allowing for complex structures such as overprinted folds and faults to be modelled. In the paper, we demonstrate automatically generating a 3-D model from map2loop-processed geological survey data of the Flinders Ranges, South Australia.
Zhenjiao Jiang, Dirk Mallants, Lei Gao, Tim Munday, Gregoire Mariethoz, and Luk Peeters
Geosci. Model Dev., 14, 3421–3435, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-3421-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-3421-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Fast and reliable tools are required to extract hidden information from big geophysical and remote sensing data. A deep-learning model in 3D image construction from 2D image(s) is here developed for paleovalley mapping from globally available digital elevation data. The outstanding performance for 3D subsurface imaging gives confidence that this generic novel tool will make better use of existing geophysical and remote sensing data for improved management of limited earth resources.
Stephan C. Kramer, D. Rhodri Davies, and Cian R. Wilson
Geosci. Model Dev., 14, 1899–1919, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-1899-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-1899-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Computational models of Earth's mantle require rigorous verification and validation. Analytical solutions of the underlying Stokes equations provide a method to verify that these equations are accurately solved for. However, their derivation in spherical and cylindrical shell domains with physically relevant boundary conditions is involved. This paper provides a number of solutions. They are provided in a Python package (Assess) and their use is demonstrated in a convergence study with Fluidity.
Bastian van den Bout, Theo van Asch, Wei Hu, Chenxiao X. Tang, Olga Mavrouli, Victor G. Jetten, and Cees J. van Westen
Geosci. Model Dev., 14, 1841–1864, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-1841-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-1841-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Landslides, debris flows and other types of dense gravity-driven flows threaten livelihoods around the globe. Understanding the mechanics of these flows can be crucial for predicting their behaviour and reducing disaster risk. Numerical models assume that the solids and fluids of the flow are unstructured. The newly presented model captures the internal structure during movement. This important step can lead to more accurate predictions of landslide movement.
Andrzej Górszczyk and Stéphane Operto
Geosci. Model Dev., 14, 1773–1799, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-1773-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-1773-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We present the 3D multi-parameter synthetic geomodel of the subduction zone, as well as the workflow designed to implement all of its components. The model contains different geological structures of various scales and complexities. It is intended to serve as a tool for the geophysical community to validate imaging approaches, design acquisition techniques, estimate uncertainties, benchmark computing approaches, etc.
Mattia de' Michieli Vitturi and Federica Pardini
Geosci. Model Dev., 14, 1345–1377, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-1345-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-1345-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Here, we present PLUME-MoM-TSM, a volcanic plume model that allows us to quantify the formation of aggregates during the rise of the plume, model the phase change of water, and include the possibility to simulate the initial spreading of the tephra umbrella cloud intruding from the volcanic column into the atmosphere. The model is first applied to the 2015 Calbuco eruption (Chile) and provides an analytical relationship between the upwind spreading and some characteristic of the volcanic column.
Zhikui Guo, Lars Rüpke, and Chunhui Tao
Geosci. Model Dev., 13, 6547–6565, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-6547-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-6547-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We present the 3-D hydro-thermo-transport model HydrothermalFoam v1.0, which we designed to provide the marine geosciences community with an easy-to-use and state-of-the-art tool for simulating mass and energy transport in submarine hydrothermal systems. HydrothermalFoam is based on the popular open-source platform OpenFOAM, comes with a number of tutorials, and is published under the GNU General Public License v3.0.
Marisol Monterrubio-Velasco, F. Ramón Zúñiga, Quetzalcoatl Rodríguez-Pérez, Otilio Rojas, Armando Aguilar-Meléndez, and Josep de la Puente
Geosci. Model Dev., 13, 6361–6381, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-6361-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-6361-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The Mexican subduction zone along the Pacific coast is one of the most active seismic zones in the world, where every year larger-magnitude earthquakes shake huge inland cities such as Mexico City. In this work, we use TREMOL (sThochastic Rupture Earthquake ModeL) to simulate the seismicity observed in this zone. Our numerical results reinforce the hypothesis that in some subduction regions single asperities are responsible for producing the observed seismicity.
Thomas Zwinger, Grace A. Nield, Juha Ruokolainen, and Matt A. King
Geosci. Model Dev., 13, 1155–1164, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-1155-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-1155-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We present a newly developed flat-earth model, Elmer/Earth, for viscoelastic treatment of solid earth deformation under ice loads. Unlike many previous approaches with proprietary software, this model is based on the open-source FEM code Elmer, with the advantage for scientists to apply and alter the model without license constraints. The new-generation full-stress ice-sheet model Elmer/Ice shares the same code base, enabling future coupled ice-sheet–glacial-isostatic-adjustment simulations.
Loïc Huder, Nicolas Gillet, and Franck Thollard
Geosci. Model Dev., 12, 3795–3803, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-3795-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-3795-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
The pygeodyn package is a geomagnetic data assimilation tool written in Python. It gives access to the Earth's core flow dynamics, controlled by geomagnetic observations, by means of a reduced numerical model anchored to geodynamo simulation statistics. It aims to provide the community with a user-friendly and tunable data assimilation algorithm. It can be used for education, geomagnetic model production or tests in conjunction with webgeodyn, a set of visualization tools for geomagnetic models.
Mattia de' Michieli Vitturi, Tomaso Esposti Ongaro, Giacomo Lari, and Alvaro Aravena
Geosci. Model Dev., 12, 581–595, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-581-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-581-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Pyroclastic avalanches are a type of granular flow generated at active volcanoes by different mechanisms, including the collapse of steep pyroclastic deposits (e.g., scoria and ash cones) and fountaining during moderately explosive eruptions. We present IMEX_SfloW2D, a depth-averaged flow model describing the granular mixture as a single-phase granular fluid. Benchmark cases and preliminary application to the simulation of the 11 February pyroclastic avalanche at Mt. Etna (Italy) are shown.
Yihao Wu, Zhicai Luo, Bo Zhong, and Chuang Xu
Geosci. Model Dev., 11, 4797–4815, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-4797-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-4797-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
A multilayer approach is parameterized for model development, and the multiple layers are located at different depths beneath the Earth’s surface. This method may be beneficial for gravity/manget field modeling, which may outperform the traditional single-layer approach.
Andres Payo, Bismarck Jigena Antelo, Martin Hurst, Monica Palaseanu-Lovejoy, Chris Williams, Gareth Jenkins, Kathryn Lee, David Favis-Mortlock, Andrew Barkwith, and Michael A. Ellis
Geosci. Model Dev., 11, 4317–4337, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-4317-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-4317-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We describe a new algorithm that automatically delineates the cliff top and toe of a cliffed coastline from a digital elevation model (DEM). The algorithm builds upon existing methods but is specifically designed to resolve very irregular planform coastlines with many bays and capes, such as parts of the coastline of Great Britain.
Hugo Cruz-Jiménez, Guotu Li, Paul Martin Mai, Ibrahim Hoteit, and Omar M. Knio
Geosci. Model Dev., 11, 3071–3088, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-3071-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-3071-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
One of the most important challenges seismologists and earthquake engineers face is reliably estimating ground motion in an area prone to large damaging earthquakes. This study aimed at better understanding the relationship between characteristics of geological faults (e.g., hypocenter location, rupture size/location, etc.) and resulting ground motion, via statistical analysis of a rupture simulation model. This study provides important insight on ground-motion responses to geological faults.
Fabio Crameri
Geosci. Model Dev., 11, 2541–2562, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-2541-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-2541-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Firstly, this study acts as a compilation of key geodynamic diagnostics and describes how to automatise them for a more efficient scientific procedure. Secondly, it outlines today's key pitfalls of scientific visualisation and provides means to circumvent them with, for example, a novel set of fully scientific colour maps. Thirdly, it introduces StagLab 3.0, a software that applies such fully automated diagnostics and state-of-the-art visualisation in the blink of an eye.
Michael Bock, Olaf Conrad, Andreas Günther, Ernst Gehrt, Rainer Baritz, and Jürgen Böhner
Geosci. Model Dev., 11, 1641–1652, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-1641-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-1641-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We introduce the Soil and
Landscape Evolution Model (SaLEM) for the prediction of soil parent material evolution following a lithologically differentiated approach. The GIS tool is working within the software framework SAGA GIS. Weathering, erosion and transport functions are calibrated using extrinsic and intrinsic parameter data. First results indicate that our approach shows evidence for the spatiotemporal prediction of soil parental material properties.
Karthik Iyer, Henrik Svensen, and Daniel W. Schmid
Geosci. Model Dev., 11, 43–60, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-43-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-43-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Igneous intrusions in sedimentary basins have a profound effect on the thermal structure of the hosting sedimentary rocks. In this paper, we present a user-friendly 1-D FEM-based tool, SILLi, that calculates the thermal effects of sill intrusions on the enclosing sedimentary stratigraphy. The motivation is to make a standardized numerical toolkit openly available that can be widely used by scientists with different backgrounds to test the effects of magmatic bodies in a wide variety of settings.
Charles M. Shobe, Gregory E. Tucker, and Katherine R. Barnhart
Geosci. Model Dev., 10, 4577–4604, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-4577-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-4577-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Rivers control the movement of sediment and nutrients across Earth's surface. Understanding how rivers change through time is important for mitigating natural hazards and predicting Earth's response to climate change. We develop a new computer model for predicting how rivers cut through sediment and rock. Our model is designed to be joined with models of flooding, landslides, vegetation change, and other factors to provide a comprehensive toolbox for predicting changes to the landscape.
Diego Takahashi and Vanderlei C. Oliveira Jr.
Geosci. Model Dev., 10, 3591–3608, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-3591-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-3591-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Ellipsoids are the only bodies for which the self-demagnetization can be treated analytically. This property is useful for modelling compact orebodies having high susceptibility. We present a review of the magnetic modelling of ellipsoids, propose a way of determining the isotropic susceptibility above which the self-demagnetization must be considered, and discuss the ambiguity between confocal ellipsoids, as well as provide a set of routines to model the magnetic field produced by ellipsoids.
Hein J. van Heck, J. Huw Davies, Tim Elliott, and Don Porcelli
Geosci. Model Dev., 9, 1399–1411, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-1399-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-1399-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Currently, extensive geochemical databases of surface observations exist, but satisfying explanations of underlying mantle processes are lacking. We have implemented a new way to track both bulk compositions and concentrations of trace elements in a mantle convection code. In our model, chemical fractionation happens at evolving melting zones. We compare our results to a semi-analytical theory relating observed arrays of correlated Pb isotope compositions to melting age distributions.
J. Florian Wellmann, Sam T. Thiele, Mark D. Lindsay, and Mark W. Jessell
Geosci. Model Dev., 9, 1019–1035, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-1019-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-1019-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
We often obtain knowledge about the subsurface in the form of structural geological models, as a basis for subsurface usage or resource extraction. Here, we provide a modelling code to construct such models on the basis of significant deformational events in geological history, encapsulated in kinematic equations. Our methods simplify complex dynamic processes, but enable us to evaluate how events interact, and finally how certain we are about predictions of structures in the subsurface.
A. D. Wickert
Geosci. Model Dev., 9, 997–1017, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-997-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-997-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Earth's lithosphere bends beneath surface loads, such as ice, sediments, and mountain belts. The pattern of this bending, or flexural isostatic response, is a function of both the loads and the spatially variable strength of the lithosphere. gFlex is an easy-to-use program to calculate flexural isostastic response, and may be used to better understand how ice sheets, glaciers, large lakes, sedimentary basins, volcanoes, and other surface loads interact with the solid Earth.
A. Folch, A. Costa, and G. Macedonio
Geosci. Model Dev., 9, 431–450, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-431-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-431-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
We present FPLUME-1.0, a steady-state 1-D cross-section-averaged eruption column model based on the buoyant plume theory (BPT). The model accounts for plume bending by wind, entrainment of ambient moisture, effects of water phase changes, particle fallout and re-entrainment, a new parameterization for the air entrainment coefficients and a model for wet aggregation of ash particles in presence of liquid water or ice.
M. Dumon and E. Van Ranst
Geosci. Model Dev., 9, 41–57, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-41-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-41-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
This paper presents a FOSS model called PyXRD used to improve the quantification of complex mixed-layer phyllosilicate assemblages using X-ray diffraction. The novelty of this model is the ab initio incorporation of the multi-specimen method, making it possible to share phases and their parameters across multiple specimens. We present results from a comparison of PyXRD with Sybilla v2.2.2 and a number of theoretical experiments illustrating the use of the multi-specimen set-up.
M. Mergili, J. Krenn, and H.-J. Chu
Geosci. Model Dev., 8, 4027–4043, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-4027-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-4027-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
r.randomwalk is a flexible and multi-functional open-source GIS tool for simulating the propagation of mass movements. Mass points are routed from given release pixels through a digital elevation model until a defined break criterion is reached. In contrast to existing tools, r.randomwalk includes functionalities to account for parameter uncertainties, and it offers built-in functions for validation and visualization. We show the key functionalities of r.randomwalk for three test areas.
V. Naipal, C. Reick, J. Pongratz, and K. Van Oost
Geosci. Model Dev., 8, 2893–2913, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-2893-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-2893-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
We adjusted the topographical and rainfall erosivity factors that are the triggers of erosion in the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model to make the model better applicable at coarse resolution on a global scale. The adjusted RUSLE model compares much better to current high resolution estimates of soil erosion in the USA and Europe. It therefore provides a basis for estimating past and future global impacts of soil erosion on climate with the use of Earth system models.
M. de' Michieli Vitturi, A. Neri, and S. Barsotti
Geosci. Model Dev., 8, 2447–2463, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-2447-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-2447-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
In this paper a new mathematical model of volcanic plume, named Plume-MoM, is presented. The model is based on the method of moments and it is able to describe the continuous variability in the grain size distribution (GSD) of the pyroclastic mixture ejected at the vent, crucial to characterize the source conditions of ash dispersal models. Results show that the GSD at the top of the plume is similar to that at the base and that plume height is weakly affected by the parameters of the GSD.
A. P. S. Selvadurai, A. P. Suvorov, and P. A. Selvadurai
Geosci. Model Dev., 8, 2167–2185, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-2167-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-2167-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
The paper examines the coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) processes that develop in a fractured rock region within a fluid-saturated rock mass due to loads imposed by an advancing glacier. This scenario needs to be examined in order to assess the suitability of potential sites for the location of deep geologic repositories for the storage of high-level nuclear waste. The THM processes are examined using a computational multiphysics approach.
P.-A Arrial, N. Flyer, G. B. Wright, and L. H. Kellogg
Geosci. Model Dev., 7, 2065–2076, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-7-2065-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-7-2065-2014, 2014
C. Pelties, A.-A. Gabriel, and J.-P. Ampuero
Geosci. Model Dev., 7, 847–866, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-7-847-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-7-847-2014, 2014
S. Carcano, L. Bonaventura, T. Esposti Ongaro, and A. Neri
Geosci. Model Dev., 6, 1905–1924, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-6-1905-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-6-1905-2013, 2013
Cited articles
Al-Raoush, R. and Papadopoulos, A.: Representative elementary volume
analysis of porous media using X-ray computed tomography, Powder Technol.,
200, 69–77, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2010.02.011, 2010.
Altman, Y.: Accelerating MATLAB Performance, CRC Press, 2014.
Amigó, E., Gonzalo, J., Artiles, J., and Verdejo, F.: A comparisonof extrinsic clustering evaluation metrics based on formal con-straints, Inform. Retrieval, 12, 461–486, 2009.
Andrä, H., Combaret, N., Dvorkin, J., Glatt, E., Han, J., Kabel, M., Keehm, Y., Krzikalla, F., Lee, M., Madonna, C., Marsh, M., Mukerji, T., Saenger, E. H., Sain, R., Saxena, N., Ricker, S.,
Wiegmann, A., and Zhan, X.: Digital rock physics benchmarks, available at: https://github.com/fkrzikalla/drp-benchmarks (last access: 24 January 2020), 2012.
Andrä, H., Combaret, N., Dvorkin, J., Glatt, E., Han, J., Kabel, M.,
Keehm, Y., Krzikalla, F., Lee, M., Madonna, C., Marsh, M., Mukerji, T.,
Saenger, E. H., Sain, R., Saxena, N., Ricker, S., Wiegmann, A., and Zhan,
X.: Digital rock physics benchmarks – Part I: Imaging and segmentation,
Comput. Geosci., 50, 25–32, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2012.09.005, 2013a.
Andrä, H., Combaret, N., Dvorkin, J., Glatt, E., Han, J., Kabel, M.,
Keehm, Y., Krzikalla, F., Lee, M., Madonna, C., Marsh, M., Mukerji, T.,
Saenger, E. H., Sain, R., Saxena, N., Ricker, S., Wiegmann, A., and Zhan,
X.: Digital rock physics benchmarks – Part II: Computing effective
properties, Comput. Geosci., 50, 33–43, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2012.09.008,
2013b.
Arand, F. and Hesser, J.: Accurate and efficient maximal ball algorithm for
pore network extraction, Comput. Geosci., 101, 28–37,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2017.01.004, 2017.
Bezdek, J. C., Hathaway, R. J., Sabin, M. J., and Tucker, W. T.: Convergence
Theory For Fuzzy C-Means: Counterexamples And Repairs, IEEE T. Syst. Man. Cyb., 17, 873–877, 1987.
Bishop, C. M.: Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning (Information Science
and Statistics), Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2006.
Bradley, A. P.: The use of the area under the ROC curve in the evaluation of
machine learning algorithms, Pattern Recogn., 30, 1145–1159,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-3203(96)00142-2, 1997.
Breiman, L.: Bagging predictors, Mach. Learn., 24, 123–140,
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00058655, 1996.
Buades, A., Coll, B., and Morel, J. M.: A non-local algorithm for image
denoising, IEEE Comput. Soc. Conf., San Diego, CA, USA, USA, 20–25 June 2005.
Buschkuehle, B. E., Hein, F. J., and Grobe, M.: An Overview of the Geology
of the Upper Devonian Grosmont Carbonate Bitumen Deposit, Northern Alberta,
Canada, Nat. Resour. Res., 16, 3–15,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11053-007-9032-y, 2007.
Chaouachi, M., Falenty, A., Sell, K., Enzmann, F., Kersten, M., Haberthür, D., and Kuhs, W.: Microstructural evolution of gas hydrates insedimentary matrices observed with synchrotron X-ray computed tomographic microscopy,Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 16, 1711–1722, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015GC005811, 2015.
Chauhan, S., Rühaak, W., Anbergen, H., Kabdenov, A., Freise, M., Wille, T., and Sass, I.: Phase segmentation of X-ray computer tomography rock images using machine learning techniques: an accuracy and performance study, Solid Earth, 7, 1125–1139, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-7-1125-2016, 2016a.
Chauhan, S., Rühaak, W., Khan, F., Enzmann, F., Mielke, P., Kersten, M.,
and Sass, I.: Processing of rock core microtomography images: Using seven
different machine learning algorithms, Comput. Geosci., 86,
120–128, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2015.10.013, 2016b.
Chauhan, S., Sell, K., Enzmann, F., Rühaak, W., Wille, T., Sass, I., and Kersten, M.: CobWeb 1.0: Machine Learning Tool Box for Tomographic Imaging, Zenodo, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2390943, 2018.
Cnudde, V. and Boone, M. N.: High-resolution X-ray computed tomography in
geosciences: A review of the current technology and applications,
Earth-Sci. Rev., 123, 1–17, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2013.04.003,
2013.
Costanza-Robinson, M. S., Estabrook, B. D., and Fouhey, D. F.:
Representative elementary volume estimation for porosity, moisture
saturation, and air-water interfacial areas in unsaturated porous media:
Data quality implications, Water Resour. Res., 47, W07513, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010WR009655, 2011.
Cover, T. M. : Geometrical and Statistical Properties of Systems of Linear
Inequalities with Applications in Pattern Recognition, IEEE Trans.
Electron., EC-14, 326–334, https://doi.org/10.1109/PGEC.1965.264137, 1965.
Dietterich, T. G.: Approximate Statistical Tests for Comparing Supervised
Classification Learning Algorithms, Neural Comput., 10, 1895–1923,
https://doi.org/10.1162/089976698300017197, 1998.
Dunn, J. C.: A Fuzzy Relative of the ISODATA Process and Its Use in
Detecting Compact Well-Separated Clusters, J. Cybernetics, 3,
32–57, https://doi.org/10.1080/01969727308546046, 1973.
Falenty, A., Chaouachi, M., Neher, S. H., Sell, K., Schwarz, J.-O., Wolf, M., Enzmann, F., Kersten, M., Haberthur, D., and Kuhs, W. F.: Stop-and-go in situ tomography of dynamic processes – gas hydrate formation in sedimentary matrices, Acta Cryst. A, 71, s154, 2015.
Gerke, K. M., Vasilyev, R. V., Khirevich, S., Collins, D., Karsanina, M. V.,
Sizonenko, T. O., Korost, D. V., Lamontagne, S., and Mallants, D.:
Finite-difference method Stokes solver (FDMSS) for 3D pore geometries:
Software development, validation and case studies, Comput. Geosci., 114, 41–58, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2018.01.005, 2018.
Giesche, H.: Mercury porosimetry: a general (practical) overview, Part. Part. Syst. Charact., 23, 9–19, https://doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.200601009, 2006
Gitman, I. M., Gitman, M. B., and Askes, H.: Quantification of
stochastically stable representative volumes for random heterogeneous
materials, Arch. Appl. Mech., 75, 79–92,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00419-005-0411-8, 2006.
Gostick, J. T.: Versatile and efficient pore network extraction method using
marker-based watershed segmentation, Phys. Rev. E, 96, 23307,
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.96.023307, 2017.
Gostick, J., Aghighi, M., Hinebaugh, J., Tranter, T., Hoeh, A., Michael, Day,
H., Spellacy, B., Sharqawy, H., M., Bazylak, A., Burns, A., Lehnert,
W., and Putz, A.: OpenPNM: A Pore Network Modeling Package, Comput.
Sci. Eng., 18, 60–74, https://doi.org/10.1109/MCSE.2016.49, 2016.
Haykin, S. S.: Neural networks: A comprehensive foundation,
Macmillan, New York, NY, 696 pp., 1995.
Heckbert, P. S.: Survey of Texture Mapping, IEEE Comput. Graph., 6, 56–67, https://doi.org/10.1109/MCG.1986.276672, 1986.
Hopfield, J. J.: Neural networks and physical systems with emergent
collective computational abilities, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 79, 2554–2558,
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.79.8.2554, 1982.
Iassonov, P., Gebrenegus, T., and Tuller, M.: Segmentation of X-ray computed
tomography images of porous materials: A crucial step for characterization
and quantitative analysis of pore structures, Water Resour. Res., 45, W09415,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2009WR008087, 2009.
Jain, A. K.: Data clustering: 50 years beyond K-means, Pattern Recogn.
Lett., 31, 651–666, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patrec.2009.09.011, 2010.
Jain, A. K., Murty, M. N., and Flynn, P. J.: Data Clustering: A Review, ACM
Comput. Surv., 31, 264–323, https://doi.org/10.1145/331499.331504, 1999.
Jovanović, Z., Khan, F., Enzmann, F., and Kersten, M.: Simultaneous
segmentation and beam-hardening correction in computed microtomography of
rock cores, Comput. Geosci., 56, 142–150,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2013.03.015, 2013.
Kaestner, A., Lehmann, E., and Stampanoni, M.: Imaging and image processing
in porous media research, Adv. Water Resour., 31, 1174–1187,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2008.01.022, 2008.
Katz, R. A. and Pizer, S. M.: Untangling the Blum Medial Axis Transform,
Int. J. Comput. Vision, 55, 139–153,
https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1026183017197, 2003.
Larson, S. C.: The shrinkage of the coefficient of multiple correlation, JPN J. Educ. Psychol., 22, 45–55,
https://doi.org/10.1037/h0072400, 1931.
Leu, L., Berg, S., Enzmann, F., Armstrong, R. T., and Kersten, M.: Fast
X-ray Micro-Tomography of Multiphase Flow in Berea Sandstone: A Sensitivity
Study on Image Processing, Transport Porous Med., 105, 451–469,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11242-014-0378-4, 2014.
Machel, H. G. and Hunter, I. G.: Facies models for middle to late devonian
Shallow-Marine carbonates, with comparisons to modern reefs: a guide for
facies analysis, Facies, 30, 155–176, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02536895, 1994.
MacQueen, J. (Ed.): Some methods for classification and analysis of
multivariate observations, Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical
Statistics and Probability, University of California Press, 281–297, 1967.
Marone, F. and Stampanoni, M.: Regridding reconstruction algorithm for real-time tomographic imaging, J. Synchrotron Radiat., 19, 1029–1037, 2012.
Mjolsness, E. and DeCoste, D.: Machine Learning for Science: State of the
Art and Future Prospects, Science, 293, 2051–2055,
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.293.5537.2051, 2001.
Myers, G. R., Mayo, S. C., Gureyev, T. E., Paganin, D. M., and Wilkins, S.
W.: Polychromatic cone-beam phase-contrast tomography, Phys. Rev. A, 76,
45804, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.76.045804, 2007.
Perona, P. and Malik, J.: Scale-space and edge detection using anisotropic
diffusion, IEEE T. Pattern Anal.,
12, 629–639, https://doi.org/10.1109/34.56205, 1990.
Parker, J. R.: Algorithms for Image Processing and Computer Vision, Wiley,
2010.
Porter, M. L., Wildenschild, D., Grant, G., and Gerhard, J. I.:
Measurement and prediction of the relationship between capillary pressure,
saturation, and interfacial area in a NAPL-water-glass bead system, Water
Resour. Res., 46, W08512, https://doi.org/10.1029/2009WR007786, 2010.
Rabbani, A., Jamshidi, S., and Salehi, S.: An automated simple algorithm for
realistic pore network extraction from micro-tomography images, J Petrol. Sci. Eng.,
123, 164–171, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2014.08.020, 2014.
Razavi, M., Muhunthan, B., and Al Hattamleh, O.: Representative Elementary
Volume Analysis of Sands Using X-Ray Computed Tomography, Geotech.
Test. J., 30, 212–219, https://doi.org/10.1520/GTJ100164, 2007.
Rosenfeld, A.: Picture Processing by Computer, ACM Comput. Surv., 1,
147–176, https://doi.org/10.1145/356551.356554, 1969.
Schlüter, S., Sheppard, A., Brown, K., and Wildenschild, D.: Image
processing of multiphase images obtained via X-ray microtomography: A
review, Water Resour. Res., 50, 3615–3639, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014WR015256, 2014.
Seiffert, C., Khoshgoftaar, T. M., Van Hulse, J., and Napolitano, A.: RUSBoost: Improving classification performance when training data is skewed, in: 2008 19th International Conference on Pattern Recognition, Tampa, FL, USA, 8–11 December 2008 doi:10.1109/ICPR.2008.4761297, 2008.
Sell, K., Saenger, E. H., Falenty, A., Chaouachi, M., Haberthür, D., Enzmann, F., Kuhs, W. F., and Kersten, M.: On the path to the digital rock physics of gas hydrate-bearing sediments – processing of in situ synchrotron-tomography data, Solid Earth, 7, 1243–1258, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-7-1243-2016, 2016.
Sell, K., Quintal, B., Kersten, M., and Saenger, E. H.: Squirt flow due to interfacial water films in hydrate bearing sediments, Solid Earth, 9, 699–711, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-9-699-2018, 2018.
Shreyamsha Kumar, B. K.: Image denoising based on non-local means filter and
its method noise thresholding, Signal Image Video P., 7,
1211–1227, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11760-012-0389-y, 2013.
Smith, S. M. and Brady, J. M.: SUSAN—A New Approach to Low Level Image
Processing, Int. J. Comput. Vis., 23, 45–78,
https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1007963824710, 1997.
Strehl, A.: Relationship-based Clustering and Cluster Ensemblesfor High-dimensional Data Mining, PhD thesis, The Universityof Texas at Austin, 2002.
Meilǎ, M.: Comparing clusterings by the variation of information.Learning theory and kernel machines, Volume 2777 of the seriesLecture Notes, in: Computer Science, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 173–187, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-45167-9_14, 2003.
Suykens, J. A. K. and Vandewalle, J.: Least Squares Support Vector Machine
Classifiers, Neural Process. Lett., 9, 293–300,
https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1018628609742, 1999.
van Gestel, T., Suykens, J. A. K., Baesens, B., Viaene, S., Vanthienen, J.,
Dedene, G., de Moor, B., and Vandewalle, J.: Benchmarking Least Squares
Support Vector Machine Classifiers, Mach. Learn., 54, 5–32,
https://doi.org/10.1023/B:MACH.0000008082.80494.e0, 2004.
Zadeh, L. A.: Fuzzy sets, Inform. Control, 8, 338–353,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0019-9958(65)90241-X, 1965.
Zhang, D., Zhang, R., Chen, S., and Soll, W. E.: Pore scale study of flow in
porous media: Scale dependency, REV, and statistical REV, Geophys. Res.
Lett., 27, 1195–1198, https://doi.org/10.1029/1999GL011101, 2000.
Short summary
We present CobWeb 1.0, a graphical user interface for analysing tomographic images of geomaterials. CobWeb offers different machine learning techniques for accurate multiphase image segmentation and visualizing material specific parameters such as pore size distribution, relative porosity and volume fraction. We demonstrate a novel approach of dual filtration and dual segmentation to eliminate edge enhancement artefact in synchrotron-tomographic datasets and provide the computational code.
We present CobWeb 1.0, a graphical user interface for analysing tomographic images of...
