Groundwater has long been a neglected dimension of hydrological cycle--both in large scale hydrological models and in global change research and models. Inclusion of a groundwater sector in ISIMIP is an important step toward bringing groundwater to the forefront of global change discussions.

The Coupled Model Intercomparison Project lies at the core of global climate prediction. This paper details the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 7 (CMIP7) and its Fast Track initiative. By transitioning into a continuous climate modeling program with enhanced coordination and federated planning, CMIP7 aims to address key climate questions more effectively. The expansion of the Diagnostic, Evaluation, and Characterization of Klima (DECK) experiments—including the addition of historical simulations, effective radiative forcing assessments, and CO₂-emissions-driven experiments—strengthens the foundation for climate model evaluation and projection. Additionally, the AR7 Fast Track ensures timely delivery of critical climate simulation data to support the upcoming 7th Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Assessment Report. This paper highlights how these advancements in experimental protocols and infrastructure support not only scientific understanding but also inform policy-making and climate services, ultimately contributing to global efforts in climate adaptation and mitigation.