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Geoscientific Model Development
An interactive open-access journal of the European Geosciences Union
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IF5.240
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Volume 6, issue 3
Geosci. Model Dev., 6, 791–818, 2013
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-6-791-2013
© Author(s) 2013. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-6-791-2013
© Author(s) 2013. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Geosci. Model Dev., 6, 791–818, 2013
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-6-791-2013
© Author(s) 2013. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-6-791-2013
© Author(s) 2013. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Model evaluation paper 12 Jun 2013
Model evaluation paper | 12 Jun 2013
Evaluating the capability of regional-scale air quality models to capture the vertical distribution of pollutants
E. Solazzo et al.
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Marta G. Vivanco, Mark R. Theobald, Héctor García-Gómez, Juan Luis Garrido, Marje Prank, Wenche Aas, Mario Adani, Ummugulsum Alyuz, Camilla Andersson, Roberto Bellasio, Bertrand Bessagnet, Roberto Bianconi, Johannes Bieser, Jørgen Brandt, Gino Briganti, Andrea Cappelletti, Gabriele Curci, Jesper H. Christensen, Augustin Colette, Florian Couvidat, Cornelis Cuvelier, Massimo D'Isidoro, Johannes Flemming, Andrea Fraser, Camilla Geels, Kaj M. Hansen, Christian Hogrefe, Ulas Im, Oriol Jorba, Nutthida Kitwiroon, Astrid Manders, Mihaela Mircea, Noelia Otero, Maria-Teresa Pay, Luca Pozzoli, Efisio Solazzo, Svetlana Tsyro, Alper Unal, Peter Wind, and Stefano Galmarini
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 10199–10218, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-10199-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-10199-2018, 2018
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Ulas Im, Jesper Heile Christensen, Camilla Geels, Kaj Mantzius Hansen, Jørgen Brandt, Efisio Solazzo, Ummugulsum Alyuz, Alessandra Balzarini, Rocio Baro, Roberto Bellasio, Roberto Bianconi, Johannes Bieser, Augustin Colette, Gabriele Curci, Aidan Farrow, Johannes Flemming, Andrea Fraser, Pedro Jimenez-Guerrero, Nutthida Kitwiroon, Peng Liu, Uarporn Nopmongcol, Laura Palacios-Peña, Guido Pirovano, Luca Pozzoli, Marje Prank, Rebecca Rose, Ranjeet Sokhi, Paolo Tuccella, Alper Unal, Marta G. Vivanco, Greg Yarwood, Christian Hogrefe, and Stefano Galmarini
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Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 10435–10465, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-10435-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-10435-2017, 2017
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Efisio Solazzo, Roberto Bianconi, Christian Hogrefe, Gabriele Curci, Paolo Tuccella, Ummugulsum Alyuz, Alessandra Balzarini, Rocío Baró, Roberto Bellasio, Johannes Bieser, Jørgen Brandt, Jesper H. Christensen, Augistin Colette, Xavier Francis, Andrea Fraser, Marta Garcia Vivanco, Pedro Jiménez-Guerrero, Ulas Im, Astrid Manders, Uarporn Nopmongcol, Nutthida Kitwiroon, Guido Pirovano, Luca Pozzoli, Marje Prank, Ranjeet S. Sokhi, Alper Unal, Greg Yarwood, and Stefano Galmarini
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 3001–3054, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-3001-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-3001-2017, 2017
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Stefano Galmarini, Brigitte Koffi, Efisio Solazzo, Terry Keating, Christian Hogrefe, Michael Schulz, Anna Benedictow, Jan Jurgen Griesfeller, Greet Janssens-Maenhout, Greg Carmichael, Joshua Fu, and Frank Dentener
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 1543–1555, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-1543-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-1543-2017, 2017
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Ioannis Kioutsioukis, Ulas Im, Efisio Solazzo, Roberto Bianconi, Alba Badia, Alessandra Balzarini, Rocío Baró, Roberto Bellasio, Dominik Brunner, Charles Chemel, Gabriele Curci, Hugo Denier van der Gon, Johannes Flemming, Renate Forkel, Lea Giordano, Pedro Jiménez-Guerrero, Marcus Hirtl, Oriol Jorba, Astrid Manders-Groot, Lucy Neal, Juan L. Pérez, Guidio Pirovano, Roberto San Jose, Nicholas Savage, Wolfram Schroder, Ranjeet S. Sokhi, Dimiter Syrakov, Paolo Tuccella, Johannes Werhahn, Ralf Wolke, Christian Hogrefe, and Stefano Galmarini
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 15629–15652, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-15629-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-15629-2016, 2016
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Efisio Solazzo and Stefano Galmarini
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 6263–6283, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-6263-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-6263-2016, 2016
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A new technique to assess the quality of model results from a regional-scale air quality model is presented. The techniques are based on standard statistical parameters but work on spectral decomposition of model and measurement time series. This allows for the identification of scale-related processes for which the largest divergency between model and observed data is found. The technique is applied to the data collected during the second phase of the AQMEI Initiative.
E. Solazzo and S. Galmarini
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 2535–2544, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-2535-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-2535-2015, 2015
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Ensembles of results from multiple models require systematic screening according to well-defined and analytical principles described in the paper. The screening guarantees more robust conclusions especially in the case of scenario analysis.
E. Solazzo, A. Riccio, I. Kioutsioukis, and S. Galmarini
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 8315–8333, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-8315-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-8315-2013, 2013
S. Galmarini, I. Kioutsioukis, and E. Solazzo
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 7153–7182, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-7153-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-7153-2013, 2013
Eve-Agnès Fiorentino, Henri Wortham, and Karine Sartelet
Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2020-300, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2020-300, 2020
Preprint under review for GMD
Basit Khan, Sabine Banzhaf, Edward C. Chan, Renate Forkel, Farah Kanani-Sühring, Klaus Ketelsen, Mona Kurppa, Björn Maronga, Matthias Mauder, Siegfried Raasch, Emmanuele Russo, Martijn Schaap, and Matthias Sühring
Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2020-286, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2020-286, 2020
Preprint under review for GMD
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This article describes the implementation of an online-coupled gas-phase chemistry model in the micro-scale PALM model system 6.0. The model reads emission input and perform transport, chemical transformation and dry deposition of chemical compounds while aerosol processes are described by the sectional aerosol model, SALSA. Several pre-compiled ready-to-use chemical mechanisms are included in the chemistry model code, however, user can also easily implement other mechanisms.
Martin O. P. Ramacher, Lin Tang, Jana Moldanová, Volker Matthias, Matthias Karl, Erik Fridell, and Lasse Johansson
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 10667–10686, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-10667-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-10667-2020, 2020
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Ronny Badeke, Volker Matthias, and David Grawe
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2020-753, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2020-753, 2020
Preprint under review for ACP
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This work aims to describe the physical distribution of ship exhaust gases in the near-field, e.g. inside of a harbor. Results were calculated with a mathematical model for different meteorological and technical conditions. It has been shown that large vessels like cruise ships have a significant effect of up to 55 % downward movement of exhaust gas, as they can disturb the ground-near wind circulation. This needs to be considered in urban air pollution studies.
Maria-Elissavet Koukouli, Ioanna Skoulidou, Andreas Karavias, Isaak Parcharidis, Dimitris Balis, Astrid Manders, Arjo Segers, Henk Eskes, and Jos van Geffen
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2020-600, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2020-600, 2020
Preprint under review for ACP
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Satellite observations contribute in recent years to monitoring air quality. During the COVID-19 lockdown, lower levels of nitrogen dioxide were observed by S5P/TROPOMI for March and April 2020, than the preceding year, over Greece due to decreased transport emissions. Taking meteorology into account, the resulting decline due to the lockdown, was estimated to range between 0 % and −37 % for the five largest Greek cities, with an average of ~ −10 %.
Jianbing Jin, Arjo Segers, Hong Liao, Arnold Heemink, Richard Kranenburg, and Hai Xiang Lin
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2020-435, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2020-435, 2020
Revised manuscript under review for ACP
Yohanna Villalobos, Peter Rayner, Steven Thomas, and Jeremy Silver
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 8473–8500, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-8473-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-8473-2020, 2020
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Estimated carbon fluxes for Australia are subject to considerable uncertainty. We ran simulation experiments over Australia to determine how much these uncertainties can be constrained using satellite data. We found that the satellite data has the potential to reduce these uncertainties up to 80 % across the whole continent. For 1 month, this percentage corresponds to 0.51 Pg C y-1 for Australia. This method could lead to significantly more accurate estimates of Australia's carbon budget.
Marielle Saunois, Ann R. Stavert, Ben Poulter, Philippe Bousquet, Josep G. Canadell, Robert B. Jackson, Peter A. Raymond, Edward J. Dlugokencky, Sander Houweling, Prabir K. Patra, Philippe Ciais, Vivek K. Arora, David Bastviken, Peter Bergamaschi, Donald R. Blake, Gordon Brailsford, Lori Bruhwiler, Kimberly M. Carlson, Mark Carrol, Simona Castaldi, Naveen Chandra, Cyril Crevoisier, Patrick M. Crill, Kristofer Covey, Charles L. Curry, Giuseppe Etiope, Christian Frankenberg, Nicola Gedney, Michaela I. Hegglin, Lena Höglund-Isaksson, Gustaf Hugelius, Misa Ishizawa, Akihiko Ito, Greet Janssens-Maenhout, Katherine M. Jensen, Fortunat Joos, Thomas Kleinen, Paul B. Krummel, Ray L. Langenfelds, Goulven G. Laruelle, Licheng Liu, Toshinobu Machida, Shamil Maksyutov, Kyle C. McDonald, Joe McNorton, Paul A. Miller, Joe R. Melton, Isamu Morino, Jurek Müller, Fabiola Murguia-Flores, Vaishali Naik, Yosuke Niwa, Sergio Noce, Simon O'Doherty, Robert J. Parker, Changhui Peng, Shushi Peng, Glen P. Peters, Catherine Prigent, Ronald Prinn, Michel Ramonet, Pierre Regnier, William J. Riley, Judith A. Rosentreter, Arjo Segers, Isobel J. Simpson, Hao Shi, Steven J. Smith, L. Paul Steele, Brett F. Thornton, Hanqin Tian, Yasunori Tohjima, Francesco N. Tubiello, Aki Tsuruta, Nicolas Viovy, Apostolos Voulgarakis, Thomas S. Weber, Michiel van Weele, Guido R. van der Werf, Ray F. Weiss, Doug Worthy, Debra Wunch, Yi Yin, Yukio Yoshida, Wenxin Zhang, Zhen Zhang, Yuanhong Zhao, Bo Zheng, Qing Zhu, Qiuan Zhu, and Qianlai Zhuang
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 12, 1561–1623, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-1561-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-1561-2020, 2020
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Understanding and quantifying the global methane (CH4) budget is important for assessing realistic pathways to mitigate climate change. We have established a consortium of multidisciplinary scientists under the umbrella of the Global Carbon Project to synthesize and stimulate new research aimed at improving and regularly updating the global methane budget. This is the second version of the review dedicated to the decadal methane budget, integrating results of top-down and bottom-up estimates.
Eve-Agnès Fiorentino, Henri Wortham, and Karine Sartelet
Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2020-192, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2020-192, 2020
Preprint withdrawn
Ling Huang, Yangjun Wang, Hehe Zhai, Shuhui Xue, Tianyi Zhu, Yun Shao, Ziyi Liu, Chris Emery, Joshua Fu, Kun Zhang, Greg Yarwood, and Li Li
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2020-237, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2020-237, 2020
Preprint under review for ACP
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Photochemical grid models (PGMs) are being applied extensively to address diverse scientific and regulatory compliance associated with deteriorated air quality in China. For any PGM applications, model performance evaluation is a critical step that guarantees the robustness and reliability of the baseline modeling results and subsequent applications. We provided benchmarks for model performance evaluation of PGM applications in China to demonstrate model robustness.
Joseph Girdwood, Helen Smith, Warren Stanley, Zbigniew Ulanowski, Chris Stopford, Charles Chemel, Konstantinos-Matthaios Doulgeris, David Brus, David Campbell, and Robert Mackenzie
Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2020-247, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2020-247, 2020
Revised manuscript accepted for AMT
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We present the design and validation of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) equipped with a bespoke optical particle counter (OPC). This is used to monitor atmospheric particles, which have significant effects on our weather & climate. These effects are hard to characterise properly, partly because they occur in regions that are not commonly accessible to traditional instrumentation. Our new platform gives us the capability to access these regions.
Lya Lugon, Karine Sartelet, Youngseob Kim, Jérémy Vigneron, and Olivier Chrétien
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 7717–7740, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-7717-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-7717-2020, 2020
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This study presents a new version of the multi-scale model Street-in-Grid (SinG) that interconnects regional and local scales in air-quality modeling in urban areas. The new version of SinG performs the finest coupling between transport and chemistry, leading to a numerically stable partitioning between NO and NO2. Multi-scale, local-scale and regional-scale simulations of NO, NO2 and NOx over Paris are compared to observations, and SinG shows good performance for both local and regional scales.
Robert G. Ryan, Jeremy D. Silver, Richard Querel, Dan Smale, Steve Rhodes, Matt Tully, Nicholas Jones, and Robyn Schofield
Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2020-232, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2020-232, 2020
Revised manuscript accepted for AMT
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Models have identified Australasia as a formaldehyde (HCHO) hotspot from vegetation sources but few measurement studies exist to verify this. We compare, and find good agreement between, HCHO measurements using three different spectroscopic techniques – two ground-based and one satellite-based – in Australia and New Zealand. This gives confidence in using satellite observations to study HCHO and associated air chemistry and pollution problems in this understudied part of the world.
Lin Tang, Martin O. P. Ramacher, Jana Moldanová, Volker Matthias, Matthias Karl, Lasse Johansson, Jukka-Pekka Jalkanen, Katarina Yaramenka, Armin Aulinger, and Malin Gustafsson
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 7509–7530, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-7509-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-7509-2020, 2020
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The effects of shipping emissions on air quality and health in the harbour city of Gothenburg were simulated for 2012 with coupled regional and city-scale chemistry transport models. The results show that contributions of shipping to exposure and health impacts from particulate matter and NO2 are significant and that shipping-related exposure to PM is dominated by emissions from regional shipping outside the city domain and is larger than exposure related to emissions from local road traffic.
Shelley C. van der Graaf, Richard Kranenburg, Arjo J. Segers, Martijn Schaap, and Jan Willem Erisman
Geosci. Model Dev., 13, 2451–2474, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-2451-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-2451-2020, 2020
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Chemical transport models (CTMs) are important tools to determine the fate of reactive nitrogen (Nr) emissions. The parameterization of the surface–atmosphere exchange in CTMs is often only linked to fixed, land-use-dependent values. In this paper, we present an approach to derive more realistic, dynamic leaf area index (LAI) and roughness length (z0) input maps using multiple satellite products. We evaluate the effect on Nr concentration and deposition fields modelled in the LOTOS-EUROS CTM.
Ana Maria Roxana Petrescu, Glen P. Peters, Greet Janssens-Maenhout, Philippe Ciais, Francesco N. Tubiello, Giacomo Grassi, Gert-Jan Nabuurs, Adrian Leip, Gema Carmona-Garcia, Wilfried Winiwarter, Lena Höglund-Isaksson, Dirk Günther, Efisio Solazzo, Anja Kiesow, Ana Bastos, Julia Pongratz, Julia E. M. S. Nabel, Giulia Conchedda, Roberto Pilli, Robbie M. Andrew, Mart-Jan Schelhaas, and Albertus J. Dolman
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 12, 961–1001, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-961-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-961-2020, 2020
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This study is topical and provides a state-of-the-art scientific overview of data availability from bottom-up GHG anthropogenic emissions from agriculture, forestry and other land use (AFOLU) in the EU28. The data integrate recent AFOLU emission inventories with ecosystem data and land carbon models, aiming at reconciling GHG budgets with official country-level UNFCCC inventories. We provide comprehensive emission assessments in support to policy, facilitating real-time verification procedures.
Victor Lannuque, Florian Couvidat, Marie Camredon, Bernard Aumont, and Bertrand Bessagnet
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 4905–4931, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-4905-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-4905-2020, 2020
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Large uncertainties remain in modeling secondary organic aerosol (SOA) and evolution and properties in air quality models. In this article, the recently developed VBS-GECKO parameterization for SOA formation has been implemented in the air quality model CHIMERE. Simulations have been driven to identify the main SOA sources and to evaluate the sensitivity of simulated SOA concentrations to (i) secondary organic compound properties and (ii) emissions from traffic and transportation sources.
Jaakko Kukkonen, Susana López-Aparicio, David Segersson, Camilla Geels, Leena Kangas, Mari Kauhaniemi, Androniki Maragkidou, Anne Jensen, Timo Assmuth, Ari Karppinen, Mikhail Sofiev, Heidi Hellén, Kari Riikonen, Juha Nikmo, Anu Kousa, Jarkko V. Niemi, Niko Karvosenoja, Gabriela Sousa Santos, Ingrid Sundvor, Ulas Im, Jesper H. Christensen, Ole-Kenneth Nielsen, Marlene S. Plejdrup, Jacob Klenø Nøjgaard, Gunnar Omstedt, Camilla Andersson, Bertil Forsberg, and Jørgen Brandt
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 4333–4365, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-4333-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-4333-2020, 2020
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Residential wood combustion can cause substantial emissions of fine particulate matter and adverse health effects. This study has, for the first time, evaluated the impacts of residential wood combustion in a harmonised manner in four Nordic cities. Wood combustion caused major shares of fine particle concentrations in Oslo (up to 60 %) and Umeå (up to 30 %) and also notable shares in Copenhagen (up to 20 %) and Helsinki (up to 15 %).
Margarita Choulga, Greet Janssens-Maenhout, Ingrid Super, Anna Agusti-Panareda, Gianpaolo Balsamo, Nicolas Bousserez, Monica Crippa, Hugo Denier van der Gon, Richard Engelen, Diego Guizzardi, Jeroen Kuenen, Joe McNorton, Gabriel Oreggioni, Efisio Solazzo, and Antoon Visschedijk
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2020-68, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2020-68, 2020
Preprint under review for ESSD
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People are worried that growing man-made carbon dioxide concentrations lead to the climate-change. Global models, use of observations and datasets can help us better understand behaviour of carbon dioxide. Here we separated all sources of man-made carbon dioxide into 7 groups (energy, industry, humans, transport and others), and calculated how certain these yearly and monthly values per each country are. Calculated values will be used in the model to predict carbon dioxide concentrations.
Björn Maronga, Sabine Banzhaf, Cornelia Burmeister, Thomas Esch, Renate Forkel, Dominik Fröhlich, Vladimir Fuka, Katrin Frieda Gehrke, Jan Geletič, Sebastian Giersch, Tobias Gronemeier, Günter Groß, Wieke Heldens, Antti Hellsten, Fabian Hoffmann, Atsushi Inagaki, Eckhard Kadasch, Farah Kanani-Sühring, Klaus Ketelsen, Basit Ali Khan, Christoph Knigge, Helge Knoop, Pavel Krč, Mona Kurppa, Halim Maamari, Andreas Matzarakis, Matthias Mauder, Matthias Pallasch, Dirk Pavlik, Jens Pfafferott, Jaroslav Resler, Sascha Rissmann, Emmanuele Russo, Mohamed Salim, Michael Schrempf, Johannes Schwenkel, Gunther Seckmeyer, Sebastian Schubert, Matthias Sühring, Robert von Tils, Lukas Vollmer, Simon Ward, Björn Witha, Hauke Wurps, Julian Zeidler, and Siegfried Raasch
Geosci. Model Dev., 13, 1335–1372, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-1335-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-1335-2020, 2020
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In this paper, we describe the PALM model system 6.0. PALM is a Fortran-based turbulence-resolving code and has been applied for studying a variety of atmospheric and oceanic boundary layers for about 20 years. The model is optimized for use on massively parallel computer architectures. During the last years, PALM has been significantly improved and now offers a variety of new components that are especially designed to simulate the urban atmosphere at building-resolving resolution.
Geert Jan van Oldenborgh, Folmer Krikken, Sophie Lewis, Nicholas J. Leach, Flavio Lehner, Kate R. Saunders, Michiel van Weele, Karsten Haustein, Sihan Li, David Wallom, Sarah Sparrow, Julie Arrighi, Roop P. Singh, Maarten K. van Aalst, Sjoukje Y. Philip, Robert Vautard, and Friederike E. L. Otto
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-2020-69, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-2020-69, 2020
Preprint under review for NHESS
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Southeastern Australia suffered from disastrous bushfires during the 2019/20 fire season, raising the question whether these have become more likely due to climate change. We found no attributable trend in extreme annual or monthly low precipitation, but a clear shift towards more extreme heat. However, this shift is underestimated by the models. Analysing fire weather directly, we found that the chance has increased by at least 30 %, but due to the underestimation it could be much higher.
Anne-Marlene Blechschmidt, Joaquim Arteta, Adriana Coman, Lyana Curier, Henk Eskes, Gilles Foret, Clio Gielen, Francois Hendrick, Virginie Marécal, Frédérik Meleux, Jonathan Parmentier, Enno Peters, Gaia Pinardi, Ankie J. M. Piters, Matthieu Plu, Andreas Richter, Arjo Segers, Mikhail Sofiev, Álvaro M. Valdebenito, Michel Van Roozendael, Julius Vira, Tim Vlemmix, and John P. Burrows
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 2795–2823, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-2795-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-2795-2020, 2020
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MAX-DOAS tropospheric NO2 vertical column retrievals from a set of European measurement stations are compared to regional air quality models which contribute to the operational Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS). Correlations are on the order of 35 %–75 %; large differences occur for individual pollution plumes. The results demonstrate that future model development needs to concentrate on improving representation of diurnal cycles and associated temporal scalings.
Marie-Estelle Demory, Ségolène Berthou, Silje L. Sørland, Malcolm J. Roberts, Urs Beyerle, Jon Seddon, Rein Haarsma, Christoph Schär, Ole B. Christensen, Rowan Fealy, Jesus Fernandez, Grigory Nikulin, Daniele Peano, Dian Putrasahan, Christopher D. Roberts, Christian Steger, Claas Teichmann, and Robert Vautard
Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2019-370, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2019-370, 2020
Revised manuscript accepted for GMD
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Now that Global Climate Models (GCM) can run at similar resolutions than Regional Climate Models (RCM), one may wonder whether GCMs and RCMs provide similar regional climate information. We perform such evaluation for daily precipitation distribution in PRIMAVERA GCMs (25–50 km resolution) and CORDEX RCMs (12–50 km resolution) over Europe. We show that PRIMAVERA and CORDEX simulate similar distributions. Considering both datasets at such resolution results in large benefits for impact studies.
Xinrui Ge, Martijn Schaap, Richard Kranenburg, Arjo Segers, Gert Jan Reinds, Hans Kros, and Wim de Vries
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2019-979, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2019-979, 2020
Revised manuscript accepted for ACP
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This article is about improving the modeling of agricultural ammonia emissions, both spatially and temporally, which is a result of actual land use, meteorology, agricultural activities and practices in real life. The article illustrates the first step for a better understanding of ammonia emission with the possibility to be applied to European scale, which is of great significance for the improvement of ammonia budget research and future policy-making.
Huiying Luo, Marina Astitha, Christian Hogrefe, Rohit Mathur, and S. Trivikrama Rao
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2019-1079, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2019-1079, 2020
Revised manuscript accepted for ACP
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A new method to evaluate non-linear, non-stationary modeled PM2.5 time series by decomposing decadal PM2.5 concentrations and its species into various time scales. Does not require preselection of temporal scales and assumptions of linearity and stationarity. It provides a unique opportunity to assess influence of each species to the total PM2.5. The results reveal a phase shift in modeled EC/OC concentrations indicating the need for improved model treatment of organic aerosols.
S. Trivikrama Rao, Huiying Luo, Marina Astitha, Christian Hogrefe, Valerie Garcia, and Rohit Mathur
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 1627–1639, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-1627-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-1627-2020, 2020
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Since numerical air quality models do not explicitly simulate stochastic variations in the atmosphere, there will always be differences between modeled and measured pollutant levels even when the model's physics, chemistry, numerical analysis, and its input data are perfect. This paper quantifies the inherent uncertainty in regional models due to the stochastic nature of the atmosphere. A knowledge of the expected error helps model developers in evaluating the real progress in improving models.
Fan Zhang, Hai Guo, Yingjun Chen, Volker Matthias, Yan Zhang, Xin Yang, and Jianmin Chen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 1549–1564, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-1549-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-1549-2020, 2020
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Particulate matter (PM) emitted from ships has gained more attention in recent decades. Organic matter, elemental carbon, water-soluble ions and heavy metals in PM and particle numbers are the main points. However, studies of detailed chemical compositions in particles with different size ranges emitted from ships are in shortage. This study could bring new and detailed measurement data into the field of size-segregated particles from ships and be of great source emission interest.
Daniel Neumann, Matthias Karl, Hagen Radtke, Volker Matthias, René Friedland, and Thomas Neumann
Ocean Sci., 16, 115–134, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-16-115-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-16-115-2020, 2020
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The study evaluates how much bioavailable nitrogen is contributed to the nitrogen budget of the western Baltic Sea by deposition of shipping-emitted nitrogen oxides. Bioavailable nitrogen compounds are nutrients for phytoplankton (algae). Excessive input of nutrients into water bodies may lead to eutrophication: more algal blooms with subsequently more oxygen limitation at the seafloor. Hence, reducing shipping emissions might reduce the anthropogenic pressure on the marine ecosystem.
Samuel Quesada-Ruiz, Jean-Luc Attié, William A. Lahoz, Rachid Abida, Philippe Ricaud, Laaziz El Amraoui, Régina Zbinden, Andrea Piacentini, Mathieu Joly, Henk Eskes, Arjo Segers, Lyana Curier, Johan de Haan, Jukka Kujanpää, Albert Christiaan Plechelmus Oude Nijhuis, Johanna Tamminen, Renske Timmermans, and Pepijn Veefkind
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 13, 131–152, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-131-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-131-2020, 2020
Giancarlo Ciarelli, Mark R. Theobald, Marta G. Vivanco, Matthias Beekmann, Wenche Aas, Camilla Andersson, Robert Bergström, Astrid Manders-Groot, Florian Couvidat, Mihaela Mircea, Svetlana Tsyro, Hilde Fagerli, Kathleen Mar, Valentin Raffort, Yelva Roustan, Maria-Teresa Pay, Martijn Schaap, Richard Kranenburg, Mario Adani, Gino Briganti, Andrea Cappelletti, Massimo D'Isidoro, Cornelis Cuvelier, Arineh Cholakian, Bertrand Bessagnet, Peter Wind, and Augustin Colette
Geosci. Model Dev., 12, 4923–4954, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-4923-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-4923-2019, 2019
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The novel multi-model EURODELTA-Trends exercise provided 21 years of continuous PM components and their gas-phase precursor concentrations over Europe from the year 1990. The models’ capabilities to reproduce PM components and gas-phase PM precursor trends over the 1990–2010 period is the key focus of this study. The models were able to reproduce the observed trends relatively well, indicating a possible shift in the thermodynamic equilibrium between gas and particle phases.
Ling Huang, Jingyu An, Bonyoung Koo, Greg Yarwood, Rusha Yan, Yangjun Wang, Cheng Huang, and Li Li
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 14311–14328, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-14311-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-14311-2019, 2019
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Severe haze events characterized by extremely high concentrations of particulate matter occurred frequently in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region, China. Rapid sulfate production during these severe haze episodes was observed via atmospheric measurements but air quality models tend to underestimated sulfate. Our study suggests that the SO2+NO2 heterogeneous reactions could be potentially important for sulfate formation in the YRD region and ammonia emissions need to be carefully estimated.
Miguel Escudero, Arjo Segers, Richard Kranenburg, Xavier Querol, Andrés Alastuey, Rafael Borge, David de la Paz, Gotzon Gangoiti, and Martijn Schaap
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 14211–14232, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-14211-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-14211-2019, 2019
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In this work we optimise LOTOS-EUROS CTM for simulating tropospheric O3 during summer in the Madrid metropolitan area, one of the largest conurbations in the Mediterranean. Comparing the outputs from five set-ups with different combinations of spatial resolution, meteorological data and vertical structure, we conclude that the model benefits from fine horizontal resolution and highly resolved vertical structure. Running optimized configuration run, we interpret O3 variability during July 2016.
Ulas Im, Jesper H. Christensen, Ole-Kenneth Nielsen, Maria Sand, Risto Makkonen, Camilla Geels, Camilla Anderson, Jaakko Kukkonen, Susana Lopez-Aparicio, and Jørgen Brandt
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 12975–12992, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-12975-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-12975-2019, 2019
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Sectoral contributions of anthropogenic emissions in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden on air pollution and mortality over the Nordic and the Arctic regions are calculated. 80 % of PM2.5 over the Nordic countries is transported from outside Scandinavia. Residential combustion, industry and traffic are the main sectors to be targeted in emission mitigation. Exposure to ambient air pollution in the Nordic countries leads to more than 10 000 deaths in the region annually and costs EUR 7 billion.
Renske Timmermans, Arjo Segers, Lyana Curier, Rachid Abida, Jean-Luc Attié, Laaziz El Amraoui, Henk Eskes, Johan de Haan, Jukka Kujanpää, William Lahoz, Albert Oude Nijhuis, Samuel Quesada-Ruiz, Philippe Ricaud, Pepijn Veefkind, and Martijn Schaap
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 12811–12833, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-12811-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-12811-2019, 2019
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We present an evaluation of the added value of the Sentinel-4 and Sentinel-5P missions for air quality analyses of NO2. For this, synthetic observations for both missions are generated and combined with a chemistry transport model. While hourly Sentinel-4 NO2 observations over Europe benefit modelled NO2 analyses throughout the entire day, daily Sentinel-5P NO2 observations with global coverage show an impact up to 3–6 h after overpass. This supports the need for a combination of missions.
Carley E. Iles, Robert Vautard, Jane Strachan, Sylvie Joussaume, Bernd R. Eggen, and Chris D. Hewitt
Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2019-253, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2019-253, 2019
Revised manuscript accepted for GMD
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We investigate the benefits of increased resolution for global and regional climate models for simulating European climate extremes to help inform modelling strategies. Precipitation extremes become heavier and better simulated with higher resolution, wind extremes become stronger, whilst temperature extremes are insensitive, except over mountainous areas. Differences with resolution for the global model appear to come from downscaling effects rather than an improved large scale circulation.
Alexander J. Norton, Peter J. Rayner, Ernest N. Koffi, Marko Scholze, Jeremy D. Silver, and Ying-Ping Wang
Biogeosciences, 16, 3069–3093, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3069-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3069-2019, 2019
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This study presents an estimate of global terrestrial photosynthesis. We make use of satellite chlorophyll fluorescence measurements, a visible indicator of photosynthesis, to optimize model parameters and estimate photosynthetic carbon uptake. This new framework incorporates nonlinear, process-based understanding of the link between fluorescence and photosynthesis, an advance on past approaches. This will aid in the utility of fluorescence to quantify terrestrial carbon cycle feedbacks.
Jianbing Jin, Hai Xiang Lin, Arjo Segers, Yu Xie, and Arnold Heemink
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 10009–10026, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-10009-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-10009-2019, 2019
Patricia Tarín-Carrasco, María Morales-Suárez-Varela, Ulas Im, Jørgen Brandt, Laura Palacios-Peña, and Pedro Jiménez-Guerrero
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 9385–9398, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-9385-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-9385-2019, 2019
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Air pollution has important implications for human health and external societal costs and is closely related to climate change. This work assesses the impacts of present and future air pollution on several cardiovascular and respiratory pathologies and estimates the costs associated with these health impacts on the European population. Premature deaths are the most important problem in terms of cases and costs (418 700 cases and EUR 158 billion per year, increasing by 17 % in the future).
Greet Janssens-Maenhout, Monica Crippa, Diego Guizzardi, Marilena Muntean, Edwin Schaaf, Frank Dentener, Peter Bergamaschi, Valerio Pagliari, Jos G. J. Olivier, Jeroen A. H. W. Peters, John A. van Aardenne, Suvi Monni, Ulrike Doering, A. M. Roxana Petrescu, Efisio Solazzo, and Gabriel D. Oreggioni
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 11, 959–1002, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-11-959-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-11-959-2019, 2019
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In support of the Paris Agreement, EDGARv4.3.2 provides global annual estimates, broken down into IPCC-compliant source-sector levels, from 1970 to 2012. The anthropogenic CO2, CH4 and N2O emissions were calculated bottom up with international statistics and emission factors for 226 countries and spatially distributed. EDGARv4.3.2 is input for the top-down modelling of the Global Carbon Project and EU policy-making, needing GHG emission estimates for each country at the climate negotiations.
Kathryn M. Emmerson, Jeremy D. Silver, Edward Newbigin, Edwin R. Lampugnani, Cenk Suphioglu, Alan Wain, and Elizabeth Ebert
Geosci. Model Dev., 12, 2195–2214, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-2195-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-2195-2019, 2019
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We present the first representation of grass pollen in a 3-D dispersion model in Australia, tested using observations from eight counting sites in Victoria. The technology was developed in response to the severe thunderstorm asthma event which took place in Melbourne in November 2016. A total of 10 pollen emission methodologies were developed and evaluated. The best results were obtained using statistical methods that included elements of the satellite derived enhanced vegetation index.
Matthias Karl, Jan Eiof Jonson, Andreas Uppstu, Armin Aulinger, Marje Prank, Mikhail Sofiev, Jukka-Pekka Jalkanen, Lasse Johansson, Markus Quante, and Volker Matthias
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 7019–7053, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-7019-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-7019-2019, 2019
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The effect of ship emissions on the regional air quality in the Baltic Sea region was investigated with three regional chemistry transport model systems. The ship influence on air quality is shown to depend on the boundary conditions, meteorological data and aerosol formation and deposition schemes that are used in these models. The study provides a reliable approach for the evaluation of policy options regarding emission regulations for ship traffic in the Baltic Sea.
Marwa Majdi, Karine Sartelet, Grazia Maria Lanzafame, Florian Couvidat, Youngseob Kim, Mounir Chrit, and Solene Turquety
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 5543–5569, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-5543-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-5543-2019, 2019
Robert Vautard, Geert Jan van Oldenborgh, Friederike E. L. Otto, Pascal Yiou, Hylke de Vries, Erik van Meijgaard, Andrew Stepek, Jean-Michel Soubeyroux, Sjoukje Philip, Sarah F. Kew, Cecilia Costella, Roop Singh, and Claudia Tebaldi
Earth Syst. Dynam., 10, 271–286, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-10-271-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-10-271-2019, 2019
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The effect of human activities on the probability of winter wind storms like the ones that occurred in Western Europe in January 2018 is analysed using multiple model ensembles. Despite a significant probability decline in observations, we find no significant change in probabilities due to human influence on climate so far. However, such extreme events are likely to be slightly more frequent in the future. The observed decrease in storminess is likely to be due to increasing roughness.
Anna Katinka Petersen, Guy P. Brasseur, Idir Bouarar, Johannes Flemming, Michael Gauss, Fei Jiang, Rostislav Kouznetsov, Richard Kranenburg, Bas Mijling, Vincent-Henri Peuch, Matthieu Pommier, Arjo Segers, Mikhail Sofiev, Renske Timmermans, Ronald van der A, Stacy Walters, Ying Xie, Jianming Xu, and Guangqiang Zhou
Geosci. Model Dev., 12, 1241–1266, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-1241-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-1241-2019, 2019
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An operational multi-model forecasting system for air quality is providing daily forecasts of ozone, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter for 37 urban areas of China. The paper presents the evaluation of the different forecasts performed during the first year of operation.
Laura Palacios-Peña, Pedro Jiménez-Guerrero, Rocío Baró, Alessandra Balzarini, Roberto Bianconi, Gabriele Curci, Tony Christian Landi, Guido Pirovano, Marje Prank, Angelo Riccio, Paolo Tuccella, and Stefano Galmarini
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 2965–2990, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-2965-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-2965-2019, 2019
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The main uncertainties regarding the estimation of changes in the Earth’s energy budget are related to the role of atmospheric aerosols. Our study evaluates the representation of aerosol optical properties by different atmospheric chemistry models against remote-sensing observations in order to reduce this uncertainty. Results show that the representation of aerosol optical properties is strongly dependent on the used model.
Matthias Karl, Johannes Bieser, Beate Geyer, Volker Matthias, Jukka-Pekka Jalkanen, Lasse Johansson, and Erik Fridell
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 1721–1752, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-1721-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-1721-2019, 2019
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Air emissions of nitrogen oxides from ship traffic in the Baltic Sea are a health concern in coastal areas of the Baltic Sea region. We find that the introduction of the nitrogen emission control area (NECA) is critical for reducing ship emissions of nitrogen oxides to levels that are low enough to sustainably dampen ozone production. The decline of the ship-related nitrogen deposition to the Baltic Sea between 2012 and 2040 varies between 46 % and 78 % in different regulation scenarios.
Youngseob Kim, Karine Sartelet, and Florian Couvidat
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 1241–1261, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-1241-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-1241-2019, 2019
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Assumptions (ideality and thermodynamic equilibrium) commonly made in 3-dimensional air quality models were reconsidered to evaluate their impacts on secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation. Non-ideality (short-, medium- and long-range interactions of organics and inorganics) influences SOA concentrations by about 30 % over Europe. If SOA are highly viscous rather than inviscid, hydrophobic SOA concentrations increase by 6 % but can increase by an order of magnitude for volatile compounds.
Marwa Majdi, Solene Turquety, Karine Sartelet, Carole Legorgeu, Laurent Menut, and Youngseob Kim
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 785–812, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-785-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-785-2019, 2019
Mark R. Theobald, Marta G. Vivanco, Wenche Aas, Camilla Andersson, Giancarlo Ciarelli, Florian Couvidat, Kees Cuvelier, Astrid Manders, Mihaela Mircea, Maria-Teresa Pay, Svetlana Tsyro, Mario Adani, Robert Bergström, Bertrand Bessagnet, Gino Briganti, Andrea Cappelletti, Massimo D'Isidoro, Hilde Fagerli, Kathleen Mar, Noelia Otero, Valentin Raffort, Yelva Roustan, Martijn Schaap, Peter Wind, and Augustin Colette
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 379–405, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-379-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-379-2019, 2019
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Model estimates of the mean European wet deposition of nitrogen and sulfur for 1990 to 2010 were within 40 % of the observed values. As a result of systematic biases, the models were better at estimating relative trends for the periods 1990–2000 and 2000–2010 than the absolute trends. Although the predominantly decreasing trends were mostly due to emission reductions, they were partially offset by other factors (e.g. changes in precipitation) during the first period, but not the second.
Gabriele Curci, Ummugulsum Alyuz, Rocio Barò, Roberto Bianconi, Johannes Bieser, Jesper H. Christensen, Augustin Colette, Aidan Farrow, Xavier Francis, Pedro Jiménez-Guerrero, Ulas Im, Peng Liu, Astrid Manders, Laura Palacios-Peña, Marje Prank, Luca Pozzoli, Ranjeet Sokhi, Efisio Solazzo, Paolo Tuccella, Alper Unal, Marta G. Vivanco, Christian Hogrefe, and Stefano Galmarini
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 181–204, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-181-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-181-2019, 2019
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Atmospheric carbonaceous aerosols are able to absorb solar radiation and they continue to contribute some of the largest uncertainties in projected climate change. One important detail is how the chemical species are arranged inside each particle, i.e. the knowledge of their mixing state. We use an ensemble of regional model simulations to test different mixing state assumptions and found that a combination of internal and external mixing may better reproduce sunphotometer observations.
Guy P. Brasseur, Ying Xie, Anna Katinka Petersen, Idir Bouarar, Johannes Flemming, Michael Gauss, Fei Jiang, Rostislav Kouznetsov, Richard Kranenburg, Bas Mijling, Vincent-Henri Peuch, Matthieu Pommier, Arjo Segers, Mikhail Sofiev, Renske Timmermans, Ronald van der A, Stacy Walters, Jianming Xu, and Guangqiang Zhou
Geosci. Model Dev., 12, 33–67, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-33-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-33-2019, 2019
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An operational multi-model forecasting system for air quality provides daily forecasts of ozone, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter for 37 urban areas in China. The paper presents an intercomparison of the different forecasts performed during a specific period of time and highlights recurrent differences between the model output. Pathways to improve the forecasts by the multi-model system are suggested.
Mounir Chrit, Karine Sartelet, Jean Sciare, Marwa Majdi, José Nicolas, Jean-Eudes Petit, and François Dulac
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 18079–18100, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-18079-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-18079-2018, 2018
Peng Liu, Christian Hogrefe, Ulas Im, Jesper H. Christensen, Johannes Bieser, Uarporn Nopmongcol, Greg Yarwood, Rohit Mathur, Shawn Roselle, and Tanya Spero
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 17157–17175, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-17157-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-17157-2018, 2018
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This study represents an intercomparison of four regional-scale air quality simulations in order to understand the model similarities and differences in estimating the impact of ozone imported from outside of the US on the surface ozone within the US at process level. Vertical turbulent mixing stands out as a primary contributor to the model differences in inert tracers.
Rita Van Dingenen, Frank Dentener, Monica Crippa, Joana Leitao, Elina Marmer, Shilpa Rao, Efisio Solazzo, and Luana Valentini
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 16173–16211, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-16173-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-16173-2018, 2018
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The evaluation of air pollution impacts, including on human health, vegetation, climate, and ecosystem health, is an essential component in the design of policies that affect air quality directly or indirectly. We have developed a tool that allows for a fast screening of relevant air pollution impacts from given emission scenarios at the regional to global scale, bypassing expensive numerical modelling of complex atmospheric processes. This paper provides a full documentation of the methodology.
Christine D. Groot Zwaaftink, Stephan Henne, Rona L. Thompson, Edward J. Dlugokencky, Toshinobu Machida, Jean-Daniel Paris, Motoki Sasakawa, Arjo Segers, Colm Sweeney, and Andreas Stohl
Geosci. Model Dev., 11, 4469–4487, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-4469-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-4469-2018, 2018
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A Lagrangian particle dispersion model is used to simulate global fields of methane, constrained by observations through nudging. We show that this rather simple and computationally inexpensive method can give results similar to or as good as a computationally expensive Eulerian chemistry transport model with a data assimilation scheme. The three-dimensional methane fields are of interest to applications such as inverse modelling and satellite retrievals.
Florian Couvidat, Marta G. Vivanco, and Bertrand Bessagnet
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 15743–15766, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-15743-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-15743-2018, 2018
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Several new parameterizations and mechanisms for SOA formation are developed based on available experimental results. To evaluate the parameterizations, a box model was developed to simulate SOA formation from monoterpenes and aromatics in the environmental chamber EUPHORE. This box model takes oligomerization, nonideality of the aerosol, multiphase partitioning, aging, vapor wall losses and particle-phase diffusion into account. All these phenomena are rarely taken into account together.
Rocío Baró, Pedro Jiménez-Guerrero, Martin Stengel, Dominik Brunner, Gabriele Curci, Renate Forkel, Lucy Neal, Laura Palacios-Peña, Nicholas Savage, Martijn Schaap, Paolo Tuccella, Hugo Denier van der Gon, and Stefano Galmarini
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 15183–15199, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-15183-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-15183-2018, 2018
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Particles in the atmosphere, such as pollution, desert dust, and volcanic ash, have an impact on meteorology. They interact with incoming radiation resulting in a cooling effect of the atmosphere. Today, the use of meteorology and chemistry models help us to understand these processes, but there are a lot of uncertainties. The goal of this work is to evaluate how these interactions are represented in the models by comparing them to satellite data to see how close they are to reality.
Simon Chabrillat, Corinne Vigouroux, Yves Christophe, Andreas Engel, Quentin Errera, Daniele Minganti, Beatriz M. Monge-Sanz, Arjo Segers, and Emmanuel Mahieu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 14715–14735, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-14715-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-14715-2018, 2018
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Mean age of stratospheric air is computed for the period 1989–2015 with a kinematic transport model which uses surface pressure and wind fields from five reanalyses: ERA-I, MERRA-2, MERRA, CFSR, JRA-55. The spread between the resulting datasets is as large as in climate model intercomparisons; the age trends have large disagreement and depend strongly on the considered period. We highlight the need for similar studies using diabatic transport models which also use temperature and heating rates.
Marina Astitha, Ioannis Kioutsioukis, Ghezae Araya Fisseha, Roberto Bianconi, Johannes Bieser, Jesper H. Christensen, Owen R. Cooper, Stefano Galmarini, Christian Hogrefe, Ulas Im, Bryan Johnson, Peng Liu, Uarporn Nopmongcol, Irina Petropavlovskikh, Efisio Solazzo, David W. Tarasick, and Greg Yarwood
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 13925–13945, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-13925-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-13925-2018, 2018
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This work is unique in the detailed analyses of modeled ozone vertical profiles from sites in North America through the collaboration of four research groups from the US and EU. We assess the air quality models' performance and model inter-comparison for ozone vertical profiles and stratospheric ozone intrusions. Lastly, we designate the important role of lateral boundary conditions in the ozone vertical profiles using chemically inert tracers.
Victor Lannuque, Marie Camredon, Florian Couvidat, Alma Hodzic, Richard Valorso, Sasha Madronich, Bertrand Bessagnet, and Bernard Aumont
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 13411–13428, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-13411-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-13411-2018, 2018
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Large uncertainties remain in understanding the influence of atmospheric environmental conditions on secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation, evolution and properties. In this article, the GECKO-A modelling tool has been used in a box model under various environmental conditions to (i) explore the sensitivity of SOA formation and properties to changes on physical and chemical conditions and (ii) develop a volatility-basis-set-type parameterization for air quality models.
Noelia Otero, Jana Sillmann, Kathleen A. Mar, Henning W. Rust, Sverre Solberg, Camilla Andersson, Magnuz Engardt, Robert Bergström, Bertrand Bessagnet, Augustin Colette, Florian Couvidat, Cournelius Cuvelier, Svetlana Tsyro, Hilde Fagerli, Martijn Schaap, Astrid Manders, Mihaela Mircea, Gino Briganti, Andrea Cappelletti, Mario Adani, Massimo D'Isidoro, María-Teresa Pay, Mark Theobald, Marta G. Vivanco, Peter Wind, Narendra Ojha, Valentin Raffort, and Tim Butler
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 12269–12288, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-12269-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-12269-2018, 2018
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This paper evaluates the capability of air-quality models to capture the observed relationship between surface ozone concentrations and meteorology over Europe. The air-quality models tended to overestimate the influence of maximum temperature and surface solar radiation. None of the air-quality models captured the strength of the observed relationship between ozone and relative humidity appropriately, underestimating the effect of relative humidity, a key factor in the ozone removal processes.
Marta G. Vivanco, Mark R. Theobald, Héctor García-Gómez, Juan Luis Garrido, Marje Prank, Wenche Aas, Mario Adani, Ummugulsum Alyuz, Camilla Andersson, Roberto Bellasio, Bertrand Bessagnet, Roberto Bianconi, Johannes Bieser, Jørgen Brandt, Gino Briganti, Andrea Cappelletti, Gabriele Curci, Jesper H. Christensen, Augustin Colette, Florian Couvidat, Cornelis Cuvelier, Massimo D'Isidoro, Johannes Flemming, Andrea Fraser, Camilla Geels, Kaj M. Hansen, Christian Hogrefe, Ulas Im, Oriol Jorba, Nutthida Kitwiroon, Astrid Manders, Mihaela Mircea, Noelia Otero, Maria-Teresa Pay, Luca Pozzoli, Efisio Solazzo, Svetlana Tsyro, Alper Unal, Peter Wind, and Stefano Galmarini
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 10199–10218, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-10199-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-10199-2018, 2018
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European wet and dry atmospheric deposition of N and S estimated by 14 air quality models was found to vary substantially. An ensemble of models meeting acceptability criteria was used to estimate the exceedances of the critical loads for N in habitats within the Natura 2000 network, as well as their lower and upper limits. Scenarios with 20 % emission reductions in different regions of the world showed that European emissions are responsible for most of the N and S deposition in Europe.
Mounir Chrit, Karine Sartelet, Jean Sciare, Jorge Pey, José B. Nicolas, Nicolas Marchand, Evelyn Freney, Karine Sellegri, Matthias Beekmann, and François Dulac
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 9631–9659, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-9631-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-9631-2018, 2018
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Fine particulate matter (PM) in the atmosphere is of concern due to its effects on health, climate, ecosystems and biological cycles, and visibility.
These effects are especially important in the Mediterranean region. In this study, the air quality model Polyphemus is used to understand the
sources of inorganic and organic particles in the western Mediterranean and evaluate the uncertainties linked to the model parameters and hypotheses related to condensation/evaporation in the model.
Ulas Im, Jesper Heile Christensen, Camilla Geels, Kaj Mantzius Hansen, Jørgen Brandt, Efisio Solazzo, Ummugulsum Alyuz, Alessandra Balzarini, Rocio Baro, Roberto Bellasio, Roberto Bianconi, Johannes Bieser, Augustin Colette, Gabriele Curci, Aidan Farrow, Johannes Flemming, Andrea Fraser, Pedro Jimenez-Guerrero, Nutthida Kitwiroon, Peng Liu, Uarporn Nopmongcol, Laura Palacios-Peña, Guido Pirovano, Luca Pozzoli, Marje Prank, Rebecca Rose, Ranjeet Sokhi, Paolo Tuccella, Alper Unal, Marta G. Vivanco, Greg Yarwood, Christian Hogrefe, and Stefano Galmarini
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 8929–8952, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-8929-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-8929-2018, 2018
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We evaluate the impact of global and regional anthropogenic emission reductions on major air pollutant levels over Europe and North America, using a multi-model ensemble of regional chemistry and transport models. Results show that ozone levels are largely driven by long-range transport over both continents while other pollutants such as carbon monoxide or aerosols are mainly controlled by domestic sources. Use of multi-model ensembles can help to reduce the uncertainties in individual models.
Stefano Galmarini, Ioannis Kioutsioukis, Efisio Solazzo, Ummugulsum Alyuz, Alessandra Balzarini, Roberto Bellasio, Anna M. K. Benedictow, Roberto Bianconi, Johannes Bieser, Joergen Brandt, Jesper H. Christensen, Augustin Colette, Gabriele Curci, Yanko Davila, Xinyi Dong, Johannes Flemming, Xavier Francis, Andrea Fraser, Joshua Fu, Daven K. Henze, Christian Hogrefe, Ulas Im, Marta Garcia Vivanco, Pedro Jiménez-Guerrero, Jan Eiof Jonson, Nutthida Kitwiroon, Astrid Manders, Rohit Mathur, Laura Palacios-Peña, Guido Pirovano, Luca Pozzoli, Marie Prank, Martin Schultz, Rajeet S. Sokhi, Kengo Sudo, Paolo Tuccella, Toshihiko Takemura, Takashi Sekiya, and Alper Unal
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 8727–8744, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-8727-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-8727-2018, 2018
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An ensemble of model results relating to ozone concentrations in Europe in 2010 has been produced and studied. The novelty consists in the fact that the ensemble is made of results of models working at two different scales (regional and global), therefore contributing in detail two different parts of the atmospheric spectrum. The ensemble defined as a hybrid has been studied in detail and shown to bring additional value to the assessment of air quality.
Alexander J. Norton, Peter J. Rayner, Ernest N. Koffi, Marko Scholze, Jeremy D. Silver, and Ying-Ping Wang
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2018-270, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2018-270, 2018
Revised manuscript has not been submitted
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This study presents a global estimate of land carbon uptake through photosynthesis. We make use satellite chlorophyll fluorescence measurements, a visible indicator of photosynthesis, to optimize model parameters and then use the optimized model to estimate photosynthetic carbon uptake. This provides a new tool that can combine measurements and observations in a systematic way and maximise the use of chlorophyll fluorescence to improve our understanding of the land carbon cycle.
Arineh Cholakian, Matthias Beekmann, Augustin Colette, Isabelle Coll, Guillaume Siour, Jean Sciare, Nicolas Marchand, Florian Couvidat, Jorge Pey, Valerie Gros, Stéphane Sauvage, Vincent Michoud, Karine Sellegri, Aurélie Colomb, Karine Sartelet, Helen Langley DeWitt, Miriam Elser, André S. H. Prévot, Sonke Szidat, and François Dulac
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 7287–7312, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-7287-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-7287-2018, 2018
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In this work, four schemes for the simulation of organic aerosols in the western Mediterranean basin are added to the CHIMERE chemistry–transport model; the resulting simulations are then compared to measurements obtained from ChArMEx. It is concluded that the scheme taking into account the fragmentation and the formation of nonvolatile organic aerosols corresponds better to measurements; the major source of this aerosol in the western Mediterranean is found to be of biogenic origin.
Evelyn Freney, Karine Sellegri, Mounir Chrit, Kouji Adachi, Joel Brito, Antoine Waked, Agnès Borbon, Aurélie Colomb, Régis Dupuy, Jean-Marc Pichon, Laetitia Bouvier, Claire Delon, Corinne Jambert, Pierre Durand, Thierry Bourianne, Cécile Gaimoz, Sylvain Triquet, Anaïs Féron, Matthias Beekmann, François Dulac, and Karine Sartelet
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 7041–7056, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-7041-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-7041-2018, 2018
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The focus of these experiments, within the ChArMEx project, were to better understand the chemical properties of ambient aerosols over the Mediterranean region. A series of airborne measurements were performed aboard the French research aircraft, the ATR42, during the summer period. Aerosol and gas-phase chemical mass spectrometry allowed us to understand the sources and formation of organic aerosols. Numerical models were incorporated into this study to help interpret our observations.
Erik Kjellström, Grigory Nikulin, Gustav Strandberg, Ole Bøssing Christensen, Daniela Jacob, Klaus Keuler, Geert Lenderink, Erik van Meijgaard, Christoph Schär, Samuel Somot, Silje Lund Sørland, Claas Teichmann, and Robert Vautard
Earth Syst. Dynam., 9, 459–478, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-9-459-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-9-459-2018, 2018
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Based on high-resolution regional climate models we investigate European climate change at 1.5 and 2 °C of global warming compared to pre-industrial levels. Considerable near-surface warming exceeding that of the global mean is found for most of Europe, already at the lower 1.5 °C of warming level. Changes in precipitation and near-surface wind speed are identified. The 1.5 °C of warming level shows significantly less change compared to the 2 °C level, indicating the importance of mitigation.
Ulas Im, Jørgen Brandt, Camilla Geels, Kaj Mantzius Hansen, Jesper Heile Christensen, Mikael Skou Andersen, Efisio Solazzo, Ioannis Kioutsioukis, Ummugulsum Alyuz, Alessandra Balzarini, Rocio Baro, Roberto Bellasio, Roberto Bianconi, Johannes Bieser, Augustin Colette, Gabriele Curci, Aidan Farrow, Johannes Flemming, Andrea Fraser, Pedro Jimenez-Guerrero, Nutthida Kitwiroon, Ciao-Kai Liang, Uarporn Nopmongcol, Guido Pirovano, Luca Pozzoli, Marje Prank, Rebecca Rose, Ranjeet Sokhi, Paolo Tuccella, Alper Unal, Marta Garcia Vivanco, Jason West, Greg Yarwood, Christian Hogrefe, and Stefano Galmarini
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 5967–5989, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-5967-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-5967-2018, 2018
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The impacts of air pollution on human health and their costs in Europe and the United States for the year 2010 ared modeled by a multi-model ensemble. In Europe, the number of premature deaths is calculated to be 414 000, while in the US it is estimated to be 160 000. Health impacts estimated by individual models can vary up to a factor of 3. Results show that the domestic emissions have the largest impact on premature deaths, compared to foreign sources.
Laura Palacios-Peña, Rocío Baró, Alexander Baklanov, Alessandra Balzarini, Dominik Brunner, Renate Forkel, Marcus Hirtl, Luka Honzak, José María López-Romero, Juan Pedro Montávez, Juan Luis Pérez, Guido Pirovano, Roberto San José, Wolfram Schröder, Johannes Werhahn, Ralf Wolke, Rahela Žabkar, and Pedro Jiménez-Guerrero
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 5021–5043, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-5021-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-5021-2018, 2018
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Atmospheric aerosols modify the radiative budget of the Earth, and it is therefore mandatory to have an accurate representation of their optical properties for understanding their climatic role. This work therefore evaluates the skill in the representation of optical properties by different remote-sensing sensors and regional online coupled chemistry–climate models over Europe.
Didin Agustian Permadi, Nguyen Thi Kim Oanh, and Robert Vautard
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 3321–3334, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-3321-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-3321-2018, 2018
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This research quantified impacts resulted in the future (2030) from emission reduction measures for Southeast Asia (SEA) countries. Emission scenarios were developed based on current policies in Indonesia and Thailand. Impacts were quantified in terms of the avoided number of premature death and reduction in radiative forcing resulted from the emission reduction measures.
Didin Agustian Permadi, Nguyen Thi Kim Oanh, and Robert Vautard
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 2725–2747, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-2725-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-2725-2018, 2018
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This research quantified the emissions of toxic air pollutants and climate forcing agents from Southeast Asia in 2007. The emission results were used for model simulation of particulate matter air quality. The model outputs were reasonably comparable to available ground level measurement data for both meteorology and air quality. The aerosol optical depth (AOD) for total aerosol and for black carbon alone was calculated and compared to satellite AOD.
Florian Couvidat, Bertrand Bessagnet, Marta Garcia-Vivanco, Elsa Real, Laurent Menut, and Augustin Colette
Geosci. Model Dev., 11, 165–194, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-165-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-165-2018, 2018
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This paper includes the development of a new aerosol module in the air quality model CHIMERE to improve particulate matter (PM) simulation. The results of the model are compared to numerous measurements over Europe to evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of the model.
Katja Frieler, Stefan Lange, Franziska Piontek, Christopher P. O. Reyer, Jacob Schewe, Lila Warszawski, Fang Zhao, Louise Chini, Sebastien Denvil, Kerry Emanuel, Tobias Geiger, Kate Halladay, George Hurtt, Matthias Mengel, Daisuke Murakami, Sebastian Ostberg, Alexander Popp, Riccardo Riva, Miodrag Stevanovic, Tatsuo Suzuki, Jan Volkholz, Eleanor Burke, Philippe Ciais, Kristie Ebi, Tyler D. Eddy, Joshua Elliott, Eric Galbraith, Simon N. Gosling, Fred Hattermann, Thomas Hickler, Jochen Hinkel, Christian Hof, Veronika Huber, Jonas Jägermeyr, Valentina Krysanova, Rafael Marcé, Hannes Müller Schmied, Ioanna Mouratiadou, Don Pierson, Derek P. Tittensor, Robert Vautard, Michelle van Vliet, Matthias F. Biber, Richard A. Betts, Benjamin Leon Bodirsky, Delphine Deryng, Steve Frolking, Chris D. Jones, Heike K. Lotze, Hermann Lotze-Campen, Ritvik Sahajpal, Kirsten Thonicke, Hanqin Tian, and Yoshiki Yamagata
Geosci. Model Dev., 10, 4321–4345, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-4321-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-4321-2017, 2017
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This paper describes the simulation scenario design for the next phase of the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project (ISIMIP), which is designed to facilitate a contribution to the scientific basis for the IPCC Special Report on the impacts of 1.5 °C global warming. ISIMIP brings together over 80 climate-impact models, covering impacts on hydrology, biomes, forests, heat-related mortality, permafrost, tropical cyclones, fisheries, agiculture, energy, and coastal infrastructure.
Martijn Schaap, Sabine Banzhaf, Thomas Scheuschner, Markus Geupel, Carlijn Hendriks, Richard Kranenburg, Hans-Dieter Nagel, Arjo J. Segers, Angela von Schlutow, Roy Wichink Kruit, and Peter J. H. Builtjes
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2017-491, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2017-491, 2017
Revised manuscript has not been submitted
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Deposition of nitrogen and sulfur from the atmosphere on ecosystems causes a loss of biodiversity. We used a combination of atmospheric modelling and deposition observations to estimate the deposition to ecosystems across Germany. We estimate that 70 % of the ecosystems in Germany receive too much nitrogen from deposition. The results are used to determine whether economic activities causing nitrogen emissions are allowed in sensitive areas.
Astrid M. M. Manders, Peter J. H. Builtjes, Lyana Curier, Hugo A. C. Denier van der Gon, Carlijn Hendriks, Sander Jonkers, Richard Kranenburg, Jeroen J. P. Kuenen, Arjo J. Segers, Renske M. A. Timmermans, Antoon J. H. Visschedijk, Roy J. Wichink Kruit, W. Addo J. van Pul, Ferd J. Sauter, Eric van der Swaluw, Daan P. J. Swart, John Douros, Henk Eskes, Erik van Meijgaard, Bert van Ulft, Peter van Velthoven, Sabine Banzhaf, Andrea C. Mues, Rainer Stern, Guangliang Fu, Sha Lu, Arnold Heemink, Nils van Velzen, and Martijn Schaap
Geosci. Model Dev., 10, 4145–4173, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-4145-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-4145-2017, 2017
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The regional-scale air quality model LOTOS–EUROS has been developed by a consortium of Dutch institutes. Recently, version 2.0 of the model was released as an open-source version. Next to a technical description and model evaluation for 2012, this paper presents the model developments in context of the history of air quality modelling and provides an outlook for future directions. Key and innovative applications of LOTOS–EUROS are also highlighted.
Alan M. Dunker, Bonyoung Koo, and Greg Yarwood
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 12553–12571, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-12553-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-12553-2017, 2017
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Using global and regional models, we determined the anthropogenic increment to ozone (base-case simulation minus a background simulation with only natural emissions) for the US and allocated the increment to anthropogenic emissions inside and outside the US. For the larger ozone concentrations in the base case, the relative importance of the sources is generally US emissions > anthropogenic lateral boundary concentrations (BCs) > Canadian/Mexican emissions ≫ anthropogenic top BCs.
Mounir Chrit, Karine Sartelet, Jean Sciare, Jorge Pey, Nicolas Marchand, Florian Couvidat, Karine Sellegri, and Matthias Beekmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 12509–12531, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-12509-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-12509-2017, 2017
Mikhail Sofiev, Olga Ritenberga, Roberto Albertini, Joaquim Arteta, Jordina Belmonte, Carmi Geller Bernstein, Maira Bonini, Sevcan Celenk, Athanasios Damialis, John Douros, Hendrik Elbern, Elmar Friese, Carmen Galan, Gilles Oliver, Ivana Hrga, Rostislav Kouznetsov, Kai Krajsek, Donat Magyar, Jonathan Parmentier, Matthieu Plu, Marje Prank, Lennart Robertson, Birthe Marie Steensen, Michel Thibaudon, Arjo Segers, Barbara Stepanovich, Alvaro M. Valdebenito, Julius Vira, and Despoina Vokou
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 12341–12360, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-12341-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-12341-2017, 2017
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This work presents the features and evaluates the quality of the Copernicus Atmospheric Monitoring Service forecasts of olive pollen distribution in Europe. It is shown that the models can predict the main features of the observed pollen distribution but have more difficulties in capturing the season start and end, which appeared shifted by a few days. We also demonstrated that the combined use of model predictions with up-to-date measurements (data fusion) can strongly improve the results.
Efisio Solazzo, Christian Hogrefe, Augustin Colette, Marta Garcia-Vivanco, and Stefano Galmarini
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 10435–10465, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-10435-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-10435-2017, 2017
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The work here is conducted within the frame of AQMEII3 and promotes the use of diagnostic methods for the evaluation of air quality models. We highlight the need to move away from aggregated error metrics and to focus on the quality of the information that can be extracted from the model and the observation. This aids the understanding of the causes of model error, providing more useful information to model developers and users than can be gained from common evaluations.
Augustin Colette, Camilla Andersson, Astrid Manders, Kathleen Mar, Mihaela Mircea, Maria-Teresa Pay, Valentin Raffort, Svetlana Tsyro, Cornelius Cuvelier, Mario Adani, Bertrand Bessagnet, Robert Bergström, Gino Briganti, Tim Butler, Andrea Cappelletti, Florian Couvidat, Massimo D'Isidoro, Thierno Doumbia, Hilde Fagerli, Claire Granier, Chris Heyes, Zig Klimont, Narendra Ojha, Noelia Otero, Martijn Schaap, Katarina Sindelarova, Annemiek I. Stegehuis, Yelva Roustan, Robert Vautard, Erik van Meijgaard, Marta Garcia Vivanco, and Peter Wind
Geosci. Model Dev., 10, 3255–3276, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-3255-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-3255-2017, 2017
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The EURODELTA-Trends numerical experiment has been designed to assess the capability of chemistry-transport models to capture the evolution of surface air quality over the 1990–2010 period in Europe. It also includes sensitivity experiments in order to analyse the relative contribution of (i) emission changes, (ii) meteorological variability, and (iii) boundary conditions to air quality trends. The article is a detailed presentation of the experiment design and participating models.
Uarporn Nopmongcol, Zhen Liu, Till Stoeckenius, and Greg Yarwood
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 9931–9943, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-9931-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-9931-2017, 2017
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The CAMx regional model was used to examine contribution of intercontinental transport over North America as part of AQMEII Phase III. Largest boundary condition (BC) contributions to ozone (O3) are from the mid-troposphere. Lower emissions in Asia by 20 % causes a near-linear relationship between the BC O3 changes and surface O3 changes in the western US, but the changes are less than 1 ppb. Using inert tracers leads to high bias over 10 ppb compared to using chemically reactive tracers.
Alexander Geiß, Matthias Wiegner, Boris Bonn, Klaus Schäfer, Renate Forkel, Erika von Schneidemesser, Christoph Münkel, Ka Lok Chan, and Rainer Nothard
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 10, 2969–2988, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-10-2969-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-10-2969-2017, 2017
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Based on measurements with a ceilometer and from an air quality network, the relationship between the mixing layer height (MLH) and near surface concentrations of pollutants was investigated for summer 2014 in Berlin. It was found that the heterogeneity of the concentrations exceeds the differences due to different MLH retrievals. In particular for PM10 it seems to be unrealistic to find correlations between MLH and concentrations representative for an entire metropolitan area in flat terrain.
Rocío Baró, Laura Palacios-Peña, Alexander Baklanov, Alessandra Balzarini, Dominik Brunner, Renate Forkel, Marcus Hirtl, Luka Honzak, Juan Luis Pérez, Guido Pirovano, Roberto San José, Wolfram Schröder, Johannes Werhahn, Ralf Wolke, Rahela Žabkar, and Pedro Jiménez-Guerrero
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 9677–9696, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-9677-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-9677-2017, 2017
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The influence on modeled max., mean and min. temperature over Europe of including aerosol–radiation–cloud interactions has been assessed for two case studies in 2010. Data were taken from an ensemble of online regional chemistry–climate models from EuMetChem COST Action. The results indicate that including these interactions clearly improves the spatiotemporal variability in the temperature signal simulated by the models, with implications for reducing the uncertainty in climate projections.
Kevin Berland, Clémence Rose, Jorge Pey, Anais Culot, Evelyn Freney, Nikolaos Kalivitis, Giorgios Kouvarakis, José Carlos Cerro, Marc Mallet, Karine Sartelet, Matthias Beckmann, Thierry Bourriane, Greg Roberts, Nicolas Marchand, Nikolaos Mihalopoulos, and Karine Sellegri
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 9567–9583, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-9567-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-9567-2017, 2017
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New particle formation (NPF) from gas-phase precursors is a process that is expected to drive the total number concentration of particles in the atmosphere. Here we use measurements performed simultaneously in Corsica, Crete and Mallorca to show that the spatial extent of the NPF events are several hundreds of kilometers large. Airborne measurements additionally show that nanoparticles in the marine atmosphere can either be of marine origin or from higher altitudes above the continent.
Sylvain Mailler, Laurent Menut, Dmitry Khvorostyanov, Myrto Valari, Florian Couvidat, Guillaume Siour, Solène Turquety, Régis Briant, Paolo Tuccella, Bertrand Bessagnet, Augustin Colette, Laurent Létinois, Kostantinos Markakis, and Frédérik Meleux
Geosci. Model Dev., 10, 2397–2423, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-2397-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-2397-2017, 2017
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CHIMERE is a chemistry-transport model initially designed for box-modelling of the regional atmospheric composition. In the recent years, CHIMERE has been extended to be able to model atmospheric composition at all scales from urban to hemispheric scale, which implied major changes on the coordinate systems as well as on physical processes. This study describes how and why these changes have been brought to the model, largely increasing the range of its possible use.
Jovanna Arndt, Jean Sciare, Marc Mallet, Greg C. Roberts, Nicolas Marchand, Karine Sartelet, Karine Sellegri, François Dulac, Robert M. Healy, and John C. Wenger
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 6975–7001, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-6975-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-6975-2017, 2017
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The chemical composition of individual PM2.5 particles was measured at a background site on Corsica in the Mediterranean to determine the contribution of different sources to background aerosol in the region. Most of the particles were from fossil fuel combustion and biomass burning, transported to the site from France, Italy and eastern Europe, and also accumulated other species en route. This work shows that largest impact on air quality in the Mediterranean is from anthropogenic emissions.
Johannes Bieser, Franz Slemr, Jesse Ambrose, Carl Brenninkmeijer, Steve Brooks, Ashu Dastoor, Francesco DeSimone, Ralf Ebinghaus, Christian N. Gencarelli, Beate Geyer, Lynne E. Gratz, Ian M. Hedgecock, Daniel Jaffe, Paul Kelley, Che-Jen Lin, Lyatt Jaegle, Volker Matthias, Andrei Ryjkov, Noelle E. Selin, Shaojie Song, Oleg Travnikov, Andreas Weigelt, Winston Luke, Xinrong Ren, Andreas Zahn, Xin Yang, Yun Zhu, and Nicola Pirrone
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 6925–6955, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-6925-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-6925-2017, 2017
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We conducted a multi model study to investigate our ability to reproduce the vertical distribution of mercury in the atmosphere. For this, we used observational data from over 40 aircraft flights in EU and US. We compared observations to the results of seven chemistry transport models and found that the models are able to reproduce vertical gradients of total and elemental Hg. Finally, we found that different chemical reactions seem responsible for the oxidation of Hg depending on altitude.
Prakash Karamchandani, Yoann Long, Guido Pirovano, Alessandra Balzarini, and Greg Yarwood
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 5643–5664, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-5643-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-5643-2017, 2017
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We quantify contributions of 13 source sectors to air pollution in Europe using a model (CAMx) with source tracking. This information is needed to develop clean air strategies that will be effective. Contributions differ between summer and winter. Sources outside western Europe and natural sources (vegetation) are important in summer. Important sources within Europe are transportation, energy production, industry, and, in winter, residential wood combustion.
Guangliang Fu, Hai Xiang Lin, Arnold Heemink, Sha Lu, Arjo Segers, Nils van Velzen, Tongchao Lu, and Shiming Xu
Geosci. Model Dev., 10, 1751–1766, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-1751-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-1751-2017, 2017
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We propose a mask-state algorithm (MS) which records the sparsity information of the full ensemble state matrix and transforms the full matrix into a relatively small one. It will reduce the computational cost in the analysis step for plume assimilation applications. Ensemble-based DA with the mask-state algorithm is generic and flexible, because it implements exactly the standard DA without any approximation and it realizes the satisfying performance without any change of the full model.
Oleg Travnikov, Hélène Angot, Paulo Artaxo, Mariantonia Bencardino, Johannes Bieser, Francesco D'Amore, Ashu Dastoor, Francesco De Simone, María del Carmen Diéguez, Aurélien Dommergue, Ralf Ebinghaus, Xin Bin Feng, Christian N. Gencarelli, Ian M. Hedgecock, Olivier Magand, Lynwill Martin, Volker Matthias, Nikolay Mashyanov, Nicola Pirrone, Ramesh Ramachandran, Katie Alana Read, Andrei Ryjkov, Noelle E. Selin, Fabrizio Sena, Shaojie Song, Francesca Sprovieri, Dennis Wip, Ingvar Wängberg, and Xin Yang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 5271–5295, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-5271-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-5271-2017, 2017
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The study provides a complex analysis of processes governing Hg fate in the atmosphere involving both measurement data and simulation results of chemical transport models. Evaluation of the model simulations and numerical experiments against observations allows explaining spatial and temporal variations of Hg concentration in the near-surface atmospheric layer and shows possibility of multiple pathways of Hg oxidation occurring concurrently in various parts of the atmosphere.
Pascal Yiou, Aglaé Jézéquel, Philippe Naveau, Frederike E. L. Otto, Robert Vautard, and Mathieu Vrac
Adv. Stat. Clim. Meteorol. Oceanogr., 3, 17–31, https://doi.org/10.5194/ascmo-3-17-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/ascmo-3-17-2017, 2017
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The attribution of classes of extreme events, such as heavy precipitation or heatwaves, relies on the estimate of small probabilities (with and without climate change). Such events are connected to the large-scale atmospheric circulation. This paper links such probabilities with properties of the atmospheric circulation by using a Bayesian decomposition. We test this decomposition on a case of extreme precipitation in the UK, in January 2014.
Laurent Menut, Sylvain Mailler, Bertrand Bessagnet, Guillaume Siour, Augustin Colette, Florian Couvidat, and Frédérik Meleux
Geosci. Model Dev., 10, 1199–1208, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-1199-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-1199-2017, 2017
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A simple and complementary model evaluation technique for regional chemistry transport is discussed. The methodology is based on the concept that we can learn about model performance by comparing the simulation results with observational data available for time periods other than the period originally targeted.
Efisio Solazzo, Roberto Bianconi, Christian Hogrefe, Gabriele Curci, Paolo Tuccella, Ummugulsum Alyuz, Alessandra Balzarini, Rocío Baró, Roberto Bellasio, Johannes Bieser, Jørgen Brandt, Jesper H. Christensen, Augistin Colette, Xavier Francis, Andrea Fraser, Marta Garcia Vivanco, Pedro Jiménez-Guerrero, Ulas Im, Astrid Manders, Uarporn Nopmongcol, Nutthida Kitwiroon, Guido Pirovano, Luca Pozzoli, Marje Prank, Ranjeet S. Sokhi, Alper Unal, Greg Yarwood, and Stefano Galmarini
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 3001–3054, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-3001-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-3001-2017, 2017
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As part of the third phase of AQMEII, this study uses timescale analysis to apportion error to the responsible processes, detect causes of model error, and identify the processes and scales that require dedicated investigations. The analysis tackles model performance gauging through measurement-to-model comparison, error decomposition, and time series analysis of model biases for ozone, CO, SO2, NO, NO2, PM10, PM2.5, wind speed, and temperature over Europe and North America.
Stefano Galmarini, Brigitte Koffi, Efisio Solazzo, Terry Keating, Christian Hogrefe, Michael Schulz, Anna Benedictow, Jan Jurgen Griesfeller, Greet Janssens-Maenhout, Greg Carmichael, Joshua Fu, and Frank Dentener
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 1543–1555, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-1543-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-1543-2017, 2017
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We present an overview of the coordinated global numerical modelling experiments performed during 2012–2016 by the Task Force on Hemispheric Transport of Air Pollution (TF HTAP), the regional experiments by the Air Quality Model Evaluation International Initiative (AQMEII) over Europe and North America, and the Model Intercomparison Study for Asia (MICS-Asia). Given the organizational complexity of bringing together these three initiatives, the experiment organization is presented.
Jeremy D. Silver and Charles S. Zender
Geosci. Model Dev., 10, 413–423, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-413-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-413-2017, 2017
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Many modern scientific research projects generate large amounts of data. Storage space is valuable and may be limited; hence compression is vital. We tested different compression methods for large gridded data sets, assessing the space savings and the amount of precision lost. We found a general trade-off between precision and compression, with compression well-predicted by the entropy of the data set. A method introduced here proved to be a competitive archive format for gridded numerical data.
Guangliang Fu, Fred Prata, Hai Xiang Lin, Arnold Heemink, Arjo Segers, and Sha Lu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 1187–1205, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-1187-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-1187-2017, 2017
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A Satellite Observational Operator (SOO) is proposed to translates satellite-retrieved 2-D volcanic ash mass loadings to 3-D concentrations. The SOO makes the analysis step of assimilation comparable in the 3-D model space, and thus it avoids the artificial vertical correlations by not involving the integral operator in directly assimilating 2-D data. The results show that satellite data assimilation with SOO can efficiently improve the estimate of volcanic ash state and the forecast.
Rachid Abida, Jean-Luc Attié, Laaziz El Amraoui, Philippe Ricaud, William Lahoz, Henk Eskes, Arjo Segers, Lyana Curier, Johan de Haan, Jukka Kujanpää, Albert Oude Nijhuis, Johanna Tamminen, Renske Timmermans, and Pepijn Veefkind
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 1081–1103, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-1081-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-1081-2017, 2017
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A detailed Observing System Simulation Experiment is performed to quantify the impact of future satellite instrument S-5P carbon monoxide (CO) on tropospheric analyses and forecasts. We focus on Europe for the period of northern summer 2003, when there was a severe heat wave episode. S-5P is able to capture the CO from forest fires that occurred in Portugal. Furthermore, our results provide evidence of S-5P CO benefits for monitoring processes contributing to atmospheric pollution.
Christian N. Gencarelli, Johannes Bieser, Francesco Carbone, Francesco De Simone, Ian M. Hedgecock, Volker Matthias, Oleg Travnikov, Xin Yang, and Nicola Pirrone
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 627–643, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-627-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-627-2017, 2017
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Atmospheric deposition is an important pathway by which Hg reaches marine ecosystems, where it can be methylated and enter the base of food chain. High resolution numerical experiments has been performed in order to investigate the contributions (sensitivity) of the Hg anthtropogenic emissions, speciation and atmospherical chemical reactions on Hg depositions over Europe. The comparison of wet deposition fluxes and concentrations measured on 28 monitioring sites were used to support the analysis.
Ioannis Kioutsioukis, Ulas Im, Efisio Solazzo, Roberto Bianconi, Alba Badia, Alessandra Balzarini, Rocío Baró, Roberto Bellasio, Dominik Brunner, Charles Chemel, Gabriele Curci, Hugo Denier van der Gon, Johannes Flemming, Renate Forkel, Lea Giordano, Pedro Jiménez-Guerrero, Marcus Hirtl, Oriol Jorba, Astrid Manders-Groot, Lucy Neal, Juan L. Pérez, Guidio Pirovano, Roberto San Jose, Nicholas Savage, Wolfram Schroder, Ranjeet S. Sokhi, Dimiter Syrakov, Paolo Tuccella, Johannes Werhahn, Ralf Wolke, Christian Hogrefe, and Stefano Galmarini
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 15629–15652, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-15629-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-15629-2016, 2016
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Four ensemble methods are applied to two annual AQMEII datasets and their performance is compared for O3, NO2 and PM10. The goal of the study is to quantify to what extent we can extract predictable signals from an ensemble with superior skill at each station over the single models and the ensemble mean. The promotion of the right amount of accuracy and diversity within the ensemble results in an average additional skill of up to 31 % compared to using the full ensemble in an unconditional way.
Laurent Menut, Guillaume Siour, Sylvain Mailler, Florian Couvidat, and Bertrand Bessagnet
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 12961–12982, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-12961-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-12961-2016, 2016
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The aerosol is modelled during the summer 2013 with the WRF and CHIMERE models and over a large area encompassing Africa, Mediterranean sea and west Europe. The modelled aerosol is compared to available measurements such as the AERONET and EMEP networks. The model ability to estimate the aerosol speciation and size distribution is quantified.
Bertrand Bessagnet, Guido Pirovano, Mihaela Mircea, Cornelius Cuvelier, Armin Aulinger, Giuseppe Calori, Giancarlo Ciarelli, Astrid Manders, Rainer Stern, Svetlana Tsyro, Marta García Vivanco, Philippe Thunis, Maria-Teresa Pay, Augustin Colette, Florian Couvidat, Frédérik Meleux, Laurence Rouïl, Anthony Ung, Sebnem Aksoyoglu, José María Baldasano, Johannes Bieser, Gino Briganti, Andrea Cappelletti, Massimo D'Isidoro, Sandro Finardi, Richard Kranenburg, Camillo Silibello, Claudio Carnevale, Wenche Aas, Jean-Charles Dupont, Hilde Fagerli, Lucia Gonzalez, Laurent Menut, André S. H. Prévôt, Pete Roberts, and Les White
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 12667–12701, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-12667-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-12667-2016, 2016
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The EURODELTA III exercise allows a very comprehensive intercomparison and evaluation of air quality models' performance. On average, the models provide a rather good picture of the particulate matter (PM) concentrations over Europe even if the highest concentrations are underestimated. The meteorology is responsible for model discrepancies, while the lack of emissions, particularly in winter, is mentioned as the main reason for the underestimations of PM.
E. N. Koffi, P. Bergamaschi, U. Karstens, M. Krol, A. Segers, M. Schmidt, I. Levin, A. T. Vermeulen, R. E. Fisher, V. Kazan, H. Klein Baltink, D. Lowry, G. Manca, H. A. J. Meijer, J. Moncrieff, S. Pal, M. Ramonet, H. A. Scheeren, and A. G. Williams
Geosci. Model Dev., 9, 3137–3160, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-3137-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-3137-2016, 2016
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We evaluate the capability of the TM5 model to reproduce observations of the boundary layer dynamics and the associated variability of trace gases close to the surface, using 222Rn. Focusing on the European scale, we compare the TM5 boundary layer heights with observations from radiosondes, lidar, and ceilometer. Furthermore, we compare TM5 simulations of 222Rn activity concentrations, using a novel, process-based 222Rn flux map over Europe, with 222Rn harmonized measurements from 10 stations.
Daniel Neumann, Volker Matthias, Johannes Bieser, Armin Aulinger, and Markus Quante
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 9905–9933, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-9905-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-9905-2016, 2016
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Atmospheric sea salt particles provide surface area for the condensation of gaseous substances and, thus, impact these substances' atmospheric residence time and chemical reactions. The number and size of sea salt particles govern the strength of these impacts. Therefore, these parameters should be reflected accurately in chemistry transport models. In this study, three different sea salt emission functions are compared in order to evaluate which one is best suited for the given model setup.
Guangliang Fu, Arnold Heemink, Sha Lu, Arjo Segers, Konradin Weber, and Hai-Xiang Lin
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 9189–9200, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-9189-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-9189-2016, 2016
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Assimilating aircraft in situ measurements can significantly improve aviation advice on distal part of volcanic ash plume.
Geert Jan van Oldenborgh, Sjoukje Philip, Emma Aalbers, Robert Vautard, Friederike Otto, Karsten Haustein, Florence Habets, Roop Singh, and Heidi Cullen
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2016-308, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2016-308, 2016
Manuscript not accepted for further review
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Extreme rain caused flooding in France and Germany at the end of May 2016. After such an event the question is always posed to what extent it can be attributed to anthropogenic climate change. Using observations and five model ensembles we give a first answer. For the 3-day precipitation extremes over the Seine and Loire basins that caused the flooding all methods agree that the probability has increased by a factor of about two. For 1-day precipitation extremes in Germany the methods disagree.
Fan Zhang, Yingjun Chen, Chongguo Tian, Diming Lou, Jun Li, Gan Zhang, and Volker Matthias
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 6319–6334, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-6319-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-6319-2016, 2016
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In this study, on-board tests of three offshore vessels in China have been carried out for the first time. Emission factors for gaseous species, PM, and relevant chemical components (OC, EC, metal elements, and water soluble ions) in different operating modes are given, which means a lot for estimating contributions of ships to atmosphere and calculating emission inventories of ships. Additionally, impacts of engine speed on NOx emission factors are discussed for the first time.
Efisio Solazzo and Stefano Galmarini
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 6263–6283, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-6263-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-6263-2016, 2016
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A new technique to assess the quality of model results from a regional-scale air quality model is presented. The techniques are based on standard statistical parameters but work on spectral decomposition of model and measurement time series. This allows for the identification of scale-related processes for which the largest divergency between model and observed data is found. The technique is applied to the data collected during the second phase of the AQMEI Initiative.
Li Liu, Fabien Solmon, Robert Vautard, Lynda Hamaoui-Laguel, Csaba Zsolt Torma, and Filippo Giorgi
Biogeosciences, 13, 2769–2786, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-2769-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-2769-2016, 2016
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To study the distribution of airborne ragweed pollen in changing environments and associated health risks over Europe, we introduce an approach with explicit treatment of pollen ripening, release and dispersion due to environmental drivers in an online modelling framework where climate is integrated with dispersion and vegetation production. From a simulated pollen season and concentration pattern health risks are evaluated through calculation of exposure time above health-relevant threshold levels.
Daniel Neumann, Volker Matthias, Johannes Bieser, Armin Aulinger, and Markus Quante
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 2921–2942, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-2921-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-2921-2016, 2016
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Sea salt emissions were updated to be dependent on salinity which improved sodium predictions in the Baltic Sea region. The impact of sea salt on atmospheric nitrate and ammonium concentrations and on nitrogen deposition in the North and Baltic Sea region is assessed. Sea salt has a low effect on nitrate concentrations but does not improve them. 3 to 7 % of the nitrogen deposition into the North Sea is accounted to the presence of sea salt. In the Baltic Sea, the contribution is negligible.
Konstantinos Markakis, Myrto Valari, Magnuz Engardt, Gwendoline Lacressonniere, Robert Vautard, and Camilla Andersson
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 1877–1894, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-1877-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-1877-2016, 2016
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The overall climate benefit at both cities and pollutants is −2 to −10 % depending on metric. Over the city of Paris local mitigation of NOx emissions increases future ozone due to titration inhibition. Climate is the most influential factor for maximum ozone in Paris, which is particularly interesting from a health impact perspective. Over urban areas with major regional contribution (e.g. Stockholm) the bias due to coarse emission inventory may lead to policy misclassification.
S. Mailler, L. Menut, A. G. di Sarra, S. Becagli, T. Di Iorio, B. Bessagnet, R. Briant, P. Formenti, J.-F. Doussin, J. L. Gómez-Amo, M. Mallet, G. Rea, G. Siour, D. M. Sferlazzo, R. Traversi, R. Udisti, and S. Turquety
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 1219–1244, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-1219-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-1219-2016, 2016
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We studied the impact of aerosols on tropospheric photolysis rates at Lampedusa during the CharMEx/ADRIMED campaign in June 2013. It is shown by using the CHIMERE chemistry-transport model (CTM) as well as in situ and remote-sensing measurements that taking into account the radiative effect of the tropospheric aerosols improves the ability of the model to reproduce the observed photolysis rates. It is hence important for CTMs to include the radiative effect of aerosols on photochemistry.
A. Aulinger, V. Matthias, M. Zeretzke, J. Bieser, M. Quante, and A. Backes
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 739–758, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-739-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-739-2016, 2016
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A multi-model approach consisting of a bottom-up ship emissions model and a chemistry transport model was used to evaluate the impact of shipping on air quality in North Sea bordering countries. As an example, the results of the simulations indicated that the relative contribution of ships to NO2 concentration levels ashore close to the sea can reach up to 25 % in summer and 15 % in winter. Some hundred kilometers away from the sea, the contribution was about 6 % in summer and 4 % in winter.
V. Matthias, A. Aulinger, A. Backes, J. Bieser, B. Geyer, M. Quante, and M. Zeretzke
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 759–776, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-759-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-759-2016, 2016
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Scenarios for future shipping emissions in the North Sea were developed. Compared to today, the contribution of shipping to the nitrogen dioxide and ozone concentrations will increase due to the expected enhanced traffic by more than 20 % and 5 %, respectively, by 2030 if no regulation for further emission reductions is implemented. PM2.5 will decrease slightly because the sulfur content in ship fuels will be reduced.
R. Newton, G. Vaughan, H. M. A. Ricketts, L. L. Pan, A. J. Weinheimer, and C. Chemel
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 619–634, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-619-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-619-2016, 2016
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This paper reports the results of a field campaign with ozonesondes held in Manus Island, Papua New Guinea in February 2014. Particular attention is paid to the background current correction for the ozonesondes. We show that the ozonesonde profiles compare very well with near-coincident aircraft measurements, and show no sign of the extremely low ozone concentrations (< 5 ppbv) reported by previous papers. The minimum repeatable ozone concentration just below the tropopause was 12 ppbv.
K. Ashworth, S. H. Chung, R. J. Griffin, J. Chen, R. Forkel, A. M. Bryan, and A. L. Steiner
Geosci. Model Dev., 8, 3765–3784, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-3765-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-3765-2015, 2015
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Volatile organic compounds released from forests into the atmosphere play a key role in governing atmospheric concentrations of trace gases and aerosol particles. We describe the development of a 1-D model that simulates the processes occurring within and above the forest canopy that regulate the transfer of these compounds and their products. We evaluate model performance by comparison of modelled concentrations against measurements from a field campaign at a northern Michigan forest site.
T.-B. Ottosen, K. E. Kakosimos, C. Johansson, O. Hertel, J. Brandt, H. Skov, R. Berkowicz, T. Ellermann, S. S. Jensen, and M. Ketzel
Geosci. Model Dev., 8, 3231–3245, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-3231-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-3231-2015, 2015
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Semi-parameterised street canyon models are popular due to their speed and low input requirements. One often-used assumption is that emissions are homogeneously distributed in the entire length and width of the street. It is thus the aim of the present study to analyse the impact of this assumption by implementing an inhomogeneous emission geometry scheme and validating it. The results show an improved performance, however, confounded by challenges in estimating the emissions accurately.
J. C. Péré, B. Bessagnet, V. Pont, M. Mallet, and F. Minvielle
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 10983–10998, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-10983-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-10983-2015, 2015
V. Marécal, V.-H. Peuch, C. Andersson, S. Andersson, J. Arteta, M. Beekmann, A. Benedictow, R. Bergström, B. Bessagnet, A. Cansado, F. Chéroux, A. Colette, A. Coman, R. L. Curier, H. A. C. Denier van der Gon, A. Drouin, H. Elbern, E. Emili, R. J. Engelen, H. J. Eskes, G. Foret, E. Friese, M. Gauss, C. Giannaros, J. Guth, M. Joly, E. Jaumouillé, B. Josse, N. Kadygrov, J. W. Kaiser, K. Krajsek, J. Kuenen, U. Kumar, N. Liora, E. Lopez, L. Malherbe, I. Martinez, D. Melas, F. Meleux, L. Menut, P. Moinat, T. Morales, J. Parmentier, A. Piacentini, M. Plu, A. Poupkou, S. Queguiner, L. Robertson, L. Rouïl, M. Schaap, A. Segers, M. Sofiev, L. Tarasson, M. Thomas, R. Timmermans, Á. Valdebenito, P. van Velthoven, R. van Versendaal, J. Vira, and A. Ung
Geosci. Model Dev., 8, 2777–2813, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-2777-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-2777-2015, 2015
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This paper describes the air quality forecasting system over Europe put in place in the Monitoring Atmospheric Composition and Climate projects. It provides daily and 4-day forecasts and analyses for the previous day for major gas and particulate pollutants and their main precursors. These products are based on a multi-model approach using seven state-of-the-art models developed in Europe. An evaluation of the performance of the system is discussed in the paper.
C. Di Biagio, L. Doppler, C. Gaimoz, N. Grand, G. Ancellet, J.-C. Raut, M. Beekmann, A. Borbon, K. Sartelet, J.-L. Attié, F. Ravetta, and P. Formenti
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 9611–9630, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-9611-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-9611-2015, 2015
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Observations from this study indicate that continental pollution largely affects the atmospheric composition and structure of the western Mediterranean basin. Pollution plumes reach 3000-4000 m in altitude and present a very complex and highly stratified structure, characterized by fresh and aged layers both in the boundary layer and in the free troposphere. Also we report the observations of high levels of ultrafine particles over the basin, possibly linked to new particle formation events.
J. Zhu, T. Wang, J. Bieser, and V. Matthias
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 8767–8779, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-8767-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-8767-2015, 2015
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This study estimated the contributions to mercury concentration and deposition in easter China from seven categories of emission sources by CMAQ-Hg. Also, this study focuses on diagnostic and process analyses for atmospheric mercury pollution formation and on identification of the dominant atmospheric processes for mercury.
A. I. Stegehuis, R. Vautard, P. Ciais, A. J. Teuling, D. G. Miralles, and M. Wild
Geosci. Model Dev., 8, 2285–2298, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-2285-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-2285-2015, 2015
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Many climate models have difficulties in properly reproducing climate extremes such as heat wave conditions. We use a regional climate model with different atmospheric physics schemes to simulate the heat wave events of 2003 in western Europe and 2010 in Russia. The five best-performing and diverse physics scheme combinations may be used in the future to perform heat wave analysis and to investigate the impact of climate change in summer in Europe.
M. Sofiev, U. Berger, M. Prank, J. Vira, J. Arteta, J. Belmonte, K.-C. Bergmann, F. Chéroux, H. Elbern, E. Friese, C. Galan, R. Gehrig, D. Khvorostyanov, R. Kranenburg, U. Kumar, V. Marécal, F. Meleux, L. Menut, A.-M. Pessi, L. Robertson, O. Ritenberga, V. Rodinkova, A. Saarto, A. Segers, E. Severova, I. Sauliene, P. Siljamo, B. M. Steensen, E. Teinemaa, M. Thibaudon, and V.-H. Peuch
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 8115–8130, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-8115-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-8115-2015, 2015
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The paper presents the first ensemble modelling experiment for forecasting the atmospheric dispersion of birch pollen in Europe. The study included 7 models of MACC-ENS tested over the season of 2010 and applied for 2013 in forecasting and reanalysis modes. The results were compared with observations in 11 countries, members of European Aeroallergen Network. The models successfully reproduced the timing of the unusually late season of 2013 but had more difficulties with absolute concentration.
R. Žabkar, L. Honzak, G. Skok, R. Forkel, J. Rakovec, A. Ceglar, and N. Žagar
Geosci. Model Dev., 8, 2119–2137, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-2119-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-2119-2015, 2015
K. M. Hansen, J. H. Christensen, C. Geels, J. D. Silver, and J. Brandt
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 6549–6559, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-6549-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-6549-2015, 2015
L. Menut, S. Mailler, G. Siour, B. Bessagnet, S. Turquety, G. Rea, R. Briant, M. Mallet, J. Sciare, P. Formenti, and F. Meleux
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 6159–6182, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-6159-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-6159-2015, 2015
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The ozone and aerosol concentration variability is studied over the Euro-Mediterranean area during the months of June and July 2013 and in the framework of the ADRIMED project. A first analysis is performed using meteorological variables, ozone and aerosol concentrations using routine network station, satellite and specific ADRIMED project airborne measurements. This analysis is complemented by modeling using the WRF and CHIMERE regional models.
S. Zhu, K. N. Sartelet, and C. Seigneur
Geosci. Model Dev., 8, 1595–1612, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-1595-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-1595-2015, 2015
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This article presents the Size-Composition Resolved Aerosol Model (SCRAM) for simulating the dynamics of externally mixed atmospheric particles. The model is first validated by comparison with a reference solution and with results of simulations using internally mixed particles. Then, the importance of representing the mixing state when modelling atmospheric aerosol concentrations is investigated in a box model simulation using data representative of air pollution in Greater Paris.
A. S. Lansø, J. Bendtsen, J. H. Christensen, L. L. Sørensen, H. Chen, H. A. J. Meijer, and C. Geels
Biogeosciences, 12, 2753–2772, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-2753-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-2753-2015, 2015
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The air-sea CO2 exchange is investigated in the coastal region of the Baltic Sea and Danish inner waters. The impact of short-term variability in atmospheric CO2 on the air-sea CO2 exchange is examined, and it is found that ignoring short-term variability in the atmospheric CO2 creates a significant bias in the CO2 exchange. Atmospheric short-term variability is not always included in studies of the air-sea CO2 exchange, but based on the present study, we recommend it to be so in the future.
F. Couvidat and K. Sartelet
Geosci. Model Dev., 8, 1111–1138, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-1111-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-1111-2015, 2015
S. Banzhaf, M. Schaap, R. Kranenburg, A. M. M. Manders, A. J. Segers, A. J. H. Visschedijk, H. A. C. Denier van der Gon, J. J. P. Kuenen, E. van Meijgaard, L. H. van Ulft, J. Cofala, and P. J. H. Builtjes
Geosci. Model Dev., 8, 1047–1070, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-1047-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-1047-2015, 2015
E. Katragkou, M. García-Díez, R. Vautard, S. Sobolowski, P. Zanis, G. Alexandri, R. M. Cardoso, A. Colette, J. Fernandez, A. Gobiet, K. Goergen, T. Karacostas, S. Knist, S. Mayer, P. M. M. Soares, I. Pytharoulis, I. Tegoulias, A. Tsikerdekis, and D. Jacob
Geosci. Model Dev., 8, 603–618, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-603-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-603-2015, 2015
E. Solazzo and S. Galmarini
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 2535–2544, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-2535-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-2535-2015, 2015
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Ensembles of results from multiple models require systematic screening according to well-defined and analytical principles described in the paper. The screening guarantees more robust conclusions especially in the case of scenario analysis.
G. Kiesewetter, J. Borken-Kleefeld, W. Schöpp, C. Heyes, P. Thunis, B. Bessagnet, E. Terrenoire, H. Fagerli, A. Nyiri, and M. Amann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 1539–1553, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-1539-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-1539-2015, 2015
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We describe the multi-stage approach applied in the GAINS model to assess compliance with PM10 limit values at more than 1850 individual air quality monitoring stations in Europe. We analyse source contributions to ambient concentrations and the implications of future policy choices on air quality for 2030. While current legislation does not solve compliance issues, problems are largely eliminated by EU-wide adoption of the best available emission control technology.
P. Bergamaschi, M. Corazza, U. Karstens, M. Athanassiadou, R. L. Thompson, I. Pison, A. J. Manning, P. Bousquet, A. Segers, A. T. Vermeulen, G. Janssens-Maenhout, M. Schmidt, M. Ramonet, F. Meinhardt, T. Aalto, L. Haszpra, J. Moncrieff, M. E. Popa, D. Lowry, M. Steinbacher, A. Jordan, S. O'Doherty, S. Piacentino, and E. Dlugokencky
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 715–736, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-715-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-715-2015, 2015
E. Terrenoire, B. Bessagnet, L. Rouïl, F. Tognet, G. Pirovano, L. Létinois, M. Beauchamp, A. Colette, P. Thunis, M. Amann, and L. Menut
Geosci. Model Dev., 8, 21–42, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-21-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-21-2015, 2015
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The model reproduces the temporal variability of NO2, O3, PM10, PM2.5 better at rural than urban background stations.
The fractional biases show that the model performs slightly better at RB sites than at UB sites for NO2, O3 and PM10.
At UB sites, CHIMERE reproduces PM2.5 better than PM10.
This is primarily the result of an underestimation of coarse particulate matter (PM) associated with uncertainties on SOA chemistry and their precursor emissions, dust and sea salt.
M. Alexe, P. Bergamaschi, A. Segers, R. Detmers, A. Butz, O. Hasekamp, S. Guerlet, R. Parker, H. Boesch, C. Frankenberg, R. A. Scheepmaker, E. Dlugokencky, C. Sweeney, S. C. Wofsy, and E. A. Kort
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 113–133, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-113-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-113-2015, 2015
Y. Wang, K. N. Sartelet, M. Bocquet, P. Chazette, M. Sicard, G. D'Amico, J. F. Léon, L. Alados-Arboledas, A. Amodeo, P. Augustin, J. Bach, L. Belegante, I. Binietoglou, X. Bush, A. Comerón, H. Delbarre, D. García-Vízcaino, J. L. Guerrero-Rascado, M. Hervo, M. Iarlori, P. Kokkalis, D. Lange, F. Molero, N. Montoux, A. Muñoz, C. Muñoz, D. Nicolae, A. Papayannis, G. Pappalardo, J. Preissler, V. Rizi, F. Rocadenbosch, K. Sellegri, F. Wagner, and F. Dulac
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 12031–12053, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-12031-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-12031-2014, 2014
I. Kioutsioukis and S. Galmarini
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 11791–11815, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-11791-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-11791-2014, 2014
T. P. C. van Noije, P. Le Sager, A. J. Segers, P. F. J. van Velthoven, M. C. Krol, W. Hazeleger, A. G. Williams, and S. D. Chambers
Geosci. Model Dev., 7, 2435–2475, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-7-2435-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-7-2435-2014, 2014
A. Balzarini, F. Angelini, L. Ferrero, M. Moscatelli, M. G. Perrone, G. Pirovano, G. M. Riva, G. Sangiorgi, A. M. Toppetti, G. P. Gobbi, and E. Bolzacchini
Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/gmdd-7-6133-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmdd-7-6133-2014, 2014
Revised manuscript has not been submitted
L. Menut, S. Mailler, G. Siour, B. Bessagnet, S. Turquety, G. Rea, R. Briant, M. Mallet, J. Sciare, and P. Formenti
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acpd-14-23075-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/acpd-14-23075-2014, 2014
Revised manuscript not accepted
Q. T. Nguyen, M. K. Christensen, F. Cozzi, A. Zare, A. M. K. Hansen, K. Kristensen, T. E. Tulinius, H. H. Madsen, J. H. Christensen, J. Brandt, A. Massling, J. K. Nøjgaard, and M. Glasius
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 8961–8981, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-8961-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-8961-2014, 2014
A. M. K. Hansen, K. Kristensen, Q. T. Nguyen, A. Zare, F. Cozzi, J. K. Nøjgaard, H. Skov, J. Brandt, J. H. Christensen, J. Ström, P. Tunved, R. Krejci, and M. Glasius
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 7807–7823, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-7807-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-7807-2014, 2014
K. Markakis, M. Valari, A. Colette, O. Sanchez, O. Perrussel, C. Honore, R. Vautard, Z. Klimont, and S. Rao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 7323–7340, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-7323-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-7323-2014, 2014
S. Kotlarski, K. Keuler, O. B. Christensen, A. Colette, M. Déqué, A. Gobiet, K. Goergen, D. Jacob, D. Lüthi, E. van Meijgaard, G. Nikulin, C. Schär, C. Teichmann, R. Vautard, K. Warrach-Sagi, and V. Wulfmeyer
Geosci. Model Dev., 7, 1297–1333, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-7-1297-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-7-1297-2014, 2014
D. Simpson, C. Andersson, J.H. Christensen, M. Engardt, C. Geels, A. Nyiri, M. Posch, J. Soares, M. Sofiev, P. Wind, and J. Langner
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 6995–7017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-6995-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-6995-2014, 2014
M. Wiegner, F. Madonna, I. Binietoglou, R. Forkel, J. Gasteiger, A. Geiß, G. Pappalardo, K. Schäfer, and W. Thomas
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 7, 1979–1997, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-7-1979-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-7-1979-2014, 2014
D. Wen, L. Zhang, J. C. Lin, R. Vet, and M. D. Moran
Geosci. Model Dev., 7, 1037–1050, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-7-1037-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-7-1037-2014, 2014
P. A. Makar, R. Nissen, A. Teakles, J. Zhang, Q. Zheng, M. D. Moran, H. Yau, and C. diCenzo
Geosci. Model Dev., 7, 1001–1024, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-7-1001-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-7-1001-2014, 2014
X. Wang, L. Zhang, and M. D. Moran
Geosci. Model Dev., 7, 799–819, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-7-799-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-7-799-2014, 2014
L. Menut, R. Vautard, A. Colette, D. Khvorostyanov, A. Potier, L. Hamaoui-Laguel, N. Viovy, and M. Thibaudon
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acpd-14-10891-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/acpd-14-10891-2014, 2014
Revised manuscript not accepted
P. Yiou, M. Boichu, R. Vautard, M. Vrac, S. Jourdain, E. Garnier, F. Fluteau, and L. Menut
Clim. Past, 10, 797–809, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-797-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-797-2014, 2014
E. Galarneau, P. A. Makar, Q. Zheng, J. Narayan, J. Zhang, M. D. Moran, M. A. Bari, S. Pathela, A. Chen, and R. Chlumsky
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 4065–4077, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-4065-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-4065-2014, 2014
S. Turquety, L. Menut, B. Bessagnet, A. Anav, N. Viovy, F. Maignan, and M. Wooster
Geosci. Model Dev., 7, 587–612, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-7-587-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-7-587-2014, 2014
Y. Wang, K. N. Sartelet, M. Bocquet, and P. Chazette
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 3511–3532, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-3511-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-3511-2014, 2014
A. Zare, J. H. Christensen, A. Gross, P. Irannejad, M. Glasius, and J. Brandt
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 2735–2756, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-2735-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-2735-2014, 2014
J. C. Péré, B. Bessagnet, M. Mallet, F. Waquet, I. Chiapello, F. Minvielle, V. Pont, and L. Menut
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 1999–2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-1999-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-1999-2014, 2014
A. Colette, B. Bessagnet, F. Meleux, E. Terrenoire, and L. Rouïl
Geosci. Model Dev., 7, 203–210, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-7-203-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-7-203-2014, 2014
A. Mues, J. Kuenen, C. Hendriks, A. Manders, A. Segers, Y. Scholz, C. Hueglin, P. Builtjes, and M. Schaap
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 939–955, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-939-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-939-2014, 2014
G. Kiesewetter, J. Borken-Kleefeld, W. Schöpp, C. Heyes, P. Thunis, B. Bessagnet, E. Terrenoire, A. Gsella, and M. Amann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 813–829, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-813-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-813-2014, 2014
A. Baklanov, K. Schlünzen, P. Suppan, J. Baldasano, D. Brunner, S. Aksoyoglu, G. Carmichael, J. Douros, J. Flemming, R. Forkel, S. Galmarini, M. Gauss, G. Grell, M. Hirtl, S. Joffre, O. Jorba, E. Kaas, M. Kaasik, G. Kallos, X. Kong, U. Korsholm, A. Kurganskiy, J. Kushta, U. Lohmann, A. Mahura, A. Manders-Groot, A. Maurizi, N. Moussiopoulos, S. T. Rao, N. Savage, C. Seigneur, R. S. Sokhi, E. Solazzo, S. Solomos, B. Sørensen, G. Tsegas, E. Vignati, B. Vogel, and Y. Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 317–398, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-317-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-317-2014, 2014
L. Zhang, X. Wang, M. D. Moran, and J. Feng
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 10005–10025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-10005-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-10005-2013, 2013
G. Yarwood, C. Emery, J. Jung, U. Nopmongcol, and T. Sakulyanontvittaya
Geosci. Model Dev., 6, 1601–1608, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-6-1601-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-6-1601-2013, 2013
E. Solazzo, A. Riccio, I. Kioutsioukis, and S. Galmarini
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 8315–8333, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-8315-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-8315-2013, 2013
J. Brandt, J. D. Silver, J. H. Christensen, M. S. Andersen, J. H. Bønløkke, T. Sigsgaard, C. Geels, A. Gross, A. B. Hansen, K. M. Hansen, G. B. Hedegaard, E. Kaas, and L. M. Frohn
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 7725–7746, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-7725-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-7725-2013, 2013
J. Brandt, J. D. Silver, J. H. Christensen, M. S. Andersen, J. H. Bønløkke, T. Sigsgaard, C. Geels, A. Gross, A. B. Hansen, K. M. Hansen, G. B. Hedegaard, E. Kaas, and L. M. Frohn
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 7747–7764, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-7747-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-7747-2013, 2013
A. Colette, B. Bessagnet, R. Vautard, S. Szopa, S. Rao, S. Schucht, Z. Klimont, L. Menut, G. Clain, F. Meleux, G. Curci, and L. Rouïl
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 7451–7471, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-7451-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-7451-2013, 2013
S. Galmarini, I. Kioutsioukis, and E. Solazzo
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 7153–7182, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-7153-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-7153-2013, 2013
Y. Zhang, K. Sartelet, S.-Y. Wu, and C. Seigneur
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 6807–6843, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-6807-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-6807-2013, 2013
Y. Zhang, K. Sartelet, S. Zhu, W. Wang, S.-Y. Wu, X. Zhang, K. Wang, P. Tran, C. Seigneur, and Z.-F. Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 6845–6875, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-6845-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-6845-2013, 2013
L. Menut, B. Bessagnet, D. Khvorostyanov, M. Beekmann, N. Blond, A. Colette, I. Coll, G. Curci, G. Foret, A. Hodzic, S. Mailler, F. Meleux, J.-L. Monge, I. Pison, G. Siour, S. Turquety, M. Valari, R. Vautard, and M. G. Vivanco
Geosci. Model Dev., 6, 981–1028, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-6-981-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-6-981-2013, 2013
A. Waked, C. Seigneur, F. Couvidat, Y. Kim, K. Sartelet, C. Afif, A. Borbon, P. Formenti, and S. Sauvage
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 5873–5886, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-5873-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-5873-2013, 2013
Q. J. Zhang, M. Beekmann, F. Drewnick, F. Freutel, J. Schneider, M. Crippa, A. S. H. Prevot, U. Baltensperger, L. Poulain, A. Wiedensohler, J. Sciare, V. Gros, A. Borbon, A. Colomb, V. Michoud, J.-F. Doussin, H. A. C. Denier van der Gon, M. Haeffelin, J.-C. Dupont, G. Siour, H. Petetin, B. Bessagnet, S. N. Pandis, A. Hodzic, O. Sanchez, C. Honoré, and O. Perrussel
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 5767–5790, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-5767-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-5767-2013, 2013
R. Kranenburg, A. J. Segers, C. Hendriks, and M. Schaap
Geosci. Model Dev., 6, 721–733, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-6-721-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-6-721-2013, 2013
M. Stuefer, S. R. Freitas, G. Grell, P. Webley, S. Peckham, S. A. McKeen, and S. D. Egan
Geosci. Model Dev., 6, 457–468, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-6-457-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-6-457-2013, 2013
G. B. Hedegaard, J. H. Christensen, and J. Brandt
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 3569–3585, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-3569-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-3569-2013, 2013
J. Brioude, W. M. Angevine, R. Ahmadov, S.-W. Kim, S. Evan, S. A. McKeen, E.-Y. Hsie, G. J. Frost, J. A. Neuman, I. B. Pollack, J. Peischl, T. B. Ryerson, J. Holloway, S. S. Brown, J. B. Nowak, J. M. Roberts, S. C. Wofsy, G. W. Santoni, T. Oda, and M. Trainer
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 3661–3677, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-3661-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-3661-2013, 2013
D. Wen, J. C. Lin, L. Zhang, R. Vet, and M. D. Moran
Geosci. Model Dev., 6, 327–344, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-6-327-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-6-327-2013, 2013
F. Couvidat, Y. Kim, K. Sartelet, C. Seigneur, N. Marchand, and J. Sciare
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 983–996, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-983-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-983-2013, 2013
Y. Wang, K. N. Sartelet, M. Bocquet, and P. Chazette
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 269–283, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-269-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-269-2013, 2013
S. Stromatas, S. Turquety, L. Menut, H. Chepfer, J. C. Péré, G. Cesana, and B. Bessagnet
Geosci. Model Dev., 5, 1543–1564, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-5-1543-2012, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-5-1543-2012, 2012
Related subject area
Atmospheric Sciences
The making of the New European Wind Atlas – Part 1: Model sensitivity
The Making of the New European Wind Atlas – Part 2: Production and evaluation
The Kinetic Energy Budget of the Atmosphere (KEBA) model 1.0: a simple yet physical approach for estimating regional wind energy resource potentials that includes the kinetic energy removal effect by wind turbines
Dynamic Anthropogenic activitieS impacting Heat emissions (DASH v1.0): development and evaluation
Role of atmospheric horizontal resolution in simulating tropical and subtropical South American precipitation in HadGEM3-GC31
Image-processing-based atmospheric river tracking method version 1 (IPART-1)
Simulating the forest fire plume dispersion, chemistry, and aerosol formation using SAM-ASP version 1.0
A mass- and energy-conserving framework for using machine learning to speed computations: a photochemistry example
The urban dispersion model EPISODE v10.0 – Part 1: An Eulerian and sub-grid-scale air quality model and its application in Nordic winter conditions
Can machine learning improve the model representation of turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate in the boundary layer for complex terrain?
PAMTRA 1.0: the Passive and Active Microwave radiative TRAnsfer tool for simulating radiometer and radar measurements of the cloudy atmosphere
Predicting the morphology of ice particles in deep convection using the super-droplet method: development and evaluation of SCALE-SDM 0.2.5-2.2.0, -2.2.1, and -2.2.2
An exploratory performance assessment of the CHIMERE model (version 2017r4) for the northwestern Iberian Peninsula and the summer season
Development of the global atmospheric chemistry general circulation model BCC-GEOS-Chem v1.0: model description and evaluation
Characterizing model errors in chemical transport modeling of methane: impact of model resolution in versions v9-02 of GEOS-Chem and v35j of its adjoint model
The ABC-DA system (v1.4): a variational data assimilation system for convective-scale assimilation research with a study of the impact of a balance constraint
Global aerosol simulations using NICAM.16 on a 14 km grid spacing for a climate study: improved and remaining issues relative to a lower-resolution model
Concentration Trajectory Route of Air pollution with an Integrated Lagrangian model (C-TRAIL Model v1.0) derived from the Community Multiscale Air Quality Model (CMAQ Model v5.2)
Development of a three-dimensional variational assimilation system for lidar profile data based on a size-resolved aerosol model in WRF-Chem model v3.9.1 and its application in PM2.5 forecasts across China
In-cloud scavenging scheme for aerosol modules
Evaluation of three new surface irrigation parameterizations in the WRF-ARW v3.8.1 model: the Po Valley (Italy) case study
An ensemble Kalman filter data assimilation system for the whole neutral atmosphere
Calculating human thermal comfort and thermal stress in the PALM model system 6.0
APIFLAME v2.0 biomass burning emissions model: impact of refined input parameters on atmospheric concentration in Portugal in summer 2016
Development of an OMI AI data assimilation scheme for aerosol modeling over bright surfaces – a step toward direct radiance assimilation in the UV spectrum
Multi-layer coupling between SURFEX-TEB-V9.0 and Meso-NH-v5.3 for modelling the urban climate of high-rise cities
A multiphase CMAQ version 5.0 adjoint
Further improvement of wet process treatments in GEOS-Chem v12.6.0: impact on global distributions of aerosols and aerosol precursors
Impact of scale-aware deep convection on the cloud liquid and ice water paths and precipitation using the Model for Prediction Across Scales (MPAS-v5.2)
On tuning of atmospheric inverse methods: Comparison on ETEX and Chernobyl datasets using FLEXPART v8.1 and v10.3
Single-precision arithmetic in ECHAM radiation reduces runtime and energy consumption
TITAM (v1.0): Time Independent Tracking Algorithm for Medicanes
Modeling lightning observations from space-based platforms (CloudScat.jl 1.0)
Three-dimensional normal mode functions: open-access tools for their computation in isobaric coordinates (p-3DNMF.v1)
Optimizing a dynamic fossil fuel CO2 emission model with CTDAS (CarbonTracker Data Assimilation Shell, v1.0) for an urban area using atmospheric observations of CO2, CO, NOx, and SO2
H2SO4–H2O binary and H2SO4–H2O–NH3 ternary homogeneous and ion-mediated nucleation: lookup tables version 1.0 for 3-D modeling application
Simulated wind farm wake sensitivity to configuration choices in the Weather Research and Forecasting model version 3.8.1
RainNet v1.0: a convolutional neural network for radar-based precipitation nowcasting
Evaluating and improving the treatment of gases in radiation schemes: the Correlated K-Distribution Model Intercomparison Project (CKDMIP)
GenChem v1.0 – a chemical pre-processing and testing system for atmospheric modelling
Sensitivity of spatial aerosol particle distributions to the boundary conditions in the PALM model system 6.0
CAPRAM reduction towards an operational multiphase halogen and dimethyl sulfide chemistry treatment in the chemistry transport model COSMO-MUSCAT(5.04e)
Development of a reduced-complexity plant canopy physics surrogate model for use in chemical transport models: a case study with GEOS-Chem v12.3.0
An adaptive method for speeding up the numerical integration of chemical mechanisms in atmospheric chemistry models: application to GEOS-Chem version 12.0.0
Silicone v1.0.0: an open-source Python package for inferring missing emissions data for climate change research
Satellite-derived leaf area index and roughness length information for surface–atmosphere exchange modelling: a case study for reactive nitrogen deposition in north-western Europe using LOTOS-EUROS v2.0
An online emission module for atmospheric chemistry transport models: implementation in COSMO-GHG v5.6a and COSMO-ART v5.1-3.1
Prioritising the sources of pollution in European cities: do air quality modelling applications provide consistent responses?
Description of the uEMEP_v5 downscaling approach for the EMEP MSC-W chemistry transport model
Representing model uncertainty for global atmospheric CO2 flux inversions using ECMWF-IFS-46R1
Andrea N. Hahmann, Tija Sīle, Björn Witha, Neil N. Davis, Martin Dörenkämper, Yasemin Ezber, Elena García-Bustamante, J. Fidel González-Rouco, Jorge Navarro, Bjarke T. Olsen, and Stefan Söderberg
Geosci. Model Dev., 13, 5053–5078, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-5053-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-5053-2020, 2020
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Wind energy resource assessment routinely uses numerical weather prediction model output. We describe the evaluation procedures used for picking the suitable blend of model setup and parameterizations for simulating European wind climatology with the WRF model. We assess the simulated winds against tall mast measurements using a suite of metrics, including the Earth Mover's Distance, which diagnoses the performance of each ensemble member using the full wind speed and direction distribution.
Martin Dörenkämper, Bjarke T. Olsen, Björn Witha, Andrea N. Hahmann, Neil N. Davis, Jordi Barcons, Yasemin Ezber, Elena García-Bustamante, J. Fidel González-Rouco, Jorge Navarro, Mariano Sastre-Marugán, Tija Sīle, Wilke Trei, Mark Žagar, Jake Badger, Julia Gottschall, Javier Sanz Rodrigo, and Jakob Mann
Geosci. Model Dev., 13, 5079–5102, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-5079-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-5079-2020, 2020
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This is the second of two papers that document the creation of the New European Wind Atlas (NEWA). The paper includes a detailed description of the technical and practical aspects that went into running the mesoscale simulations and the microscale downscaling for generating the climatology. A comprehensive evaluation of each component of the NEWA model chain is presented using observations from a large set of tall masts located all over Europe.
Axel Kleidon and Lee M. Miller
Geosci. Model Dev., 13, 4993–5005, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-4993-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-4993-2020, 2020
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When winds are used as renewable energy by more and more wind turbines, one needs to account for the effect of wind turbines on the atmospheric flow. The Kinetic Energy Budget of the Atmosphere (KEBA) model provides a simple, physics-based approach to account for this effect very well when compared to much more detailed numerical simulations with an atmospheric model. KEBA should be useful to derive lower, more realistic wind energy resource potentials of different regions.
Isabella Capel-Timms, Stefán Thor Smith, Ting Sun, and Sue Grimmond
Geosci. Model Dev., 13, 4891–4924, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-4891-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-4891-2020, 2020
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Thermal emissions or anthropogenic heat fluxes (QF) from human activities impact the local- and larger-scale urban climate. DASH considers both urban form and function in simulating QF by use of an agent-based structure that includes behavioural characteristics of city populations. This allows social practices to drive the calculation of QF as occupants move, varying by day type, demographic, location, activity, and socio-economic factors and in response to environmental conditions.
Paul-Arthur Monerie, Amulya Chevuturi, Peter Cook, Nicholas P. Klingaman, and Christopher E. Holloway
Geosci. Model Dev., 13, 4749–4771, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-4749-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-4749-2020, 2020
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In this study, we assess how increasing the horizontal resolution of HadGEM3-GC31 can allow simulating better tropical and subtropical South American precipitation. We compare simulations of HadGEM3-GC3.1, performed at three different horizontal resolutions. We show that increasing resolution allows decreasing precipitation biases over the Andes and northeast Brazil and improves the simulation of daily precipitation distribution.
Guangzhi Xu, Xiaohui Ma, Ping Chang, and Lin Wang
Geosci. Model Dev., 13, 4639–4662, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-4639-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-4639-2020, 2020
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We observed considerable limitations in existing atmospheric river (AR) detection methods and looked into other disciplines for inspirations of tackling the AR detection problem. A new method is derived from an image-processing technique and encodes the spatiotemporal-scale information of AR systems, which is a key physical ingredient of ARs that is more stable than the vapor flux intensities, making it more suitable for climate-scale studies when models often have different biases.
Chantelle R. Lonsdale, Matthew J. Alvarado, Anna L. Hodshire, Emily Ramnarine, and Jeffrey R. Pierce
Geosci. Model Dev., 13, 4579–4593, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-4579-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-4579-2020, 2020
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The System for Atmospheric Modelling (SAM) has been coupled with the detailed gas/aerosol chemistry model, the Aerosol Simulation Program (ASP), to capture cross-plume concentration gradients as fire plumes evolve downwind. SAM-ASP v1.0 will lead to the development of parameterizations of near-source biomass burning chemistry that can be used to more accurately simulate biomass burning chemical and physical transformations of trace gases and aerosols within coarser chemical transport models.
Patrick Obin Sturm and Anthony S. Wexler
Geosci. Model Dev., 13, 4435–4442, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-4435-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-4435-2020, 2020
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Large air quality and climate models calculate different physical and chemical phenomena in separate operators within the overall model, some of which are computationally intensive. Machine learning tools can memorize the behavior of these operators and replace them, but the replacements must still obey physical laws, like conservation principles. This work derives a mathematical framework for machine learning replacements that conserves properties, such as mass or energy, to machine precision.
Paul D. Hamer, Sam-Erik Walker, Gabriela Sousa-Santos, Matthias Vogt, Dam Vo-Thanh, Susana Lopez-Aparicio, Philipp Schneider, Martin O. P. Ramacher, and Matthias Karl
Geosci. Model Dev., 13, 4323–4353, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-4323-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-4323-2020, 2020
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EPISODE is an air quality model designed to give information on air pollution in cities down to distances measured in metres from the roadside and other pollution sources. We demonstrate that EPISODE can adequately describe nitrogen dioxide air pollution in a case study in six Norwegian cities. From this, we conclude that EPISODE can be used to provide air quality information to public bodies and society in order to help in the understanding and management of air pollution in urban environments.
Nicola Bodini, Julie K. Lundquist, and Mike Optis
Geosci. Model Dev., 13, 4271–4285, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-4271-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-4271-2020, 2020
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While turbulence dissipation rate (ε) is an essential parameter for the prediction of wind speed, its current representation in weather prediction models is inaccurate, especially in complex terrain. In this study, we leverage the potential of machine-learning techniques to provide a more accurate representation of turbulence dissipation rate. Our results show a 30 % reduction in the average error compared to the current model representation of ε and a total elimination of its average bias.
Mario Mech, Maximilian Maahn, Stefan Kneifel, Davide Ori, Emiliano Orlandi, Pavlos Kollias, Vera Schemann, and Susanne Crewell
Geosci. Model Dev., 13, 4229–4251, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-4229-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-4229-2020, 2020
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The Passive and Active Microwave TRAnsfer tool (PAMTRA) is a public domain software package written in Python and Fortran for the simulation of microwave remote sensing observations. PAMTRA models the interaction of radiation with gases, clouds, precipitation, and the surface using either in situ observations or model output as input parameters. The wide range of applications is demonstrated for passive (radiometer) and active (radar) instruments on ground, airborne, and satellite platforms.
Shin-ichiro Shima, Yousuke Sato, Akihiro Hashimoto, and Ryohei Misumi
Geosci. Model Dev., 13, 4107–4157, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-4107-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-4107-2020, 2020
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Using the super-droplet method, we constructed a detailed numerical model of mixed-phase clouds based on kinetic description and subsequently demonstrated that a large-eddy simulation of a cumulonimbus which predicts ice particle morphology without assuming ice categories or mass–dimension relationships is possible. Our results strongly support the particle-based modeling methodology’s efficacy for simulating mixed-phase clouds.
Swen Brands, Guillermo Fernández-García, Marta García Vivanco, Marcos Tesouro Montecelo, Nuria Gallego Fernández, Anthony David Saunders Estévez, Pablo Enrique Carracedo García, Anabela Neto Venâncio, Pedro Melo Da Costa, Paula Costa Tomé, Cristina Otero, María Luz Macho, and Juan Taboada
Geosci. Model Dev., 13, 3947–3973, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-3947-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-3947-2020, 2020
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The capability of numerical models to predict air quality depends on many factors. Here, the role of the applied model resolution, emission configuration and model chemistry is assessed for the CHIMERE model and the northwestern Iberian Peninsula. Although heterogeneous results are obtained, the forecasts can be systematically improved by increasing the vertical resolution in the lower and middle troposphere. This finding might also apply to other regions with similar characteristics.
Xiao Lu, Lin Zhang, Tongwen Wu, Michael S. Long, Jun Wang, Daniel J. Jacob, Fang Zhang, Jie Zhang, Sebastian D. Eastham, Lu Hu, Lei Zhu, Xiong Liu, and Min Wei
Geosci. Model Dev., 13, 3817–3838, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-3817-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-3817-2020, 2020
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This study presents the development and evaluation of a new climate chemistry model, BCC-GEOS-Chem v1.0, which couples the GEOS-Chem chemical transport model as an atmospheric chemistry component in the Beijing Climate Center atmospheric general circulation model. A 3-year (2012–2014) simulation of BCC-GEOS-Chem v1.0 shows that the model captures well the spatiotemporal distributions of tropospheric ozone, other gaseous pollutants, and aerosols.
Ilya Stanevich, Dylan B. A. Jones, Kimberly Strong, Robert J. Parker, Hartmut Boesch, Debra Wunch, Justus Notholt, Christof Petri, Thorsten Warneke, Ralf Sussmann, Matthias Schneider, Frank Hase, Rigel Kivi, Nicholas M. Deutscher, Voltaire A. Velazco, Kaley A. Walker, and Feng Deng
Geosci. Model Dev., 13, 3839–3862, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-3839-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-3839-2020, 2020
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Systematic errors in atmospheric models pose a challenge for inverse modeling studies of methane (CH4) emissions. We evaluated the CH4 simulation in the GEOS-Chem model at the horizontal resolutions of 4° × 5° and 2° × 2.5°. Our analysis identified resolution-dependent biases in the model, which we attributed to discrepancies between the two model resolutions in vertical transport in the troposphere and in stratosphere–troposphere exchange.
Ross Noel Bannister
Geosci. Model Dev., 13, 3789–3816, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-3789-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-3789-2020, 2020
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Forecasting models start from initial conditions, and data assimilation (DA) is the way that initial conditions are found from a combination of previous model data and latest observations. The ABC model is a simplified convective-scale model developed previously, and ABC-DA is the version of this system that includes the DA capability. This system is described in the present paper, and its performance is demonstrated with a range of options that control how the data assimilation is done.
Daisuke Goto, Yousuke Sato, Hisashi Yashiro, Kentaroh Suzuki, Eiji Oikawa, Rei Kudo, Takashi M. Nagao, and Teruyuki Nakajima
Geosci. Model Dev., 13, 3731–3768, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-3731-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-3731-2020, 2020
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We executed a global aerosol model over 3 years with the finest grid size in the world. The results elucidated that global annual averages of parameters associated with the aerosols were generally comparable to those obtained from a low-resolution model (LRM), but spatiotemporal variabilities of the aerosol components and their associated parameters provided better results closer to the observations than those from the LRM. This study clarified the advantages of the high-resolution model.
Arman Pouyaei, Yunsoo Choi, Jia Jung, Bavand Sadeghi, and Chul Han Song
Geosci. Model Dev., 13, 3489–3505, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-3489-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-3489-2020, 2020
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This paper introduces a novel Lagrangian model (Concentration Trajectory of Air pollution with an Integrated Lagrangian model, C-TRAIL) for showing the source and receptor areas by following polluted air masses. To investigate the concentrations and trajectories of air masses simultaneously, we use the trajectory-grid (TG) Lagrangian advection model. The TG model follows the concentrations of representative air
packetsof species along trajectories determined by the wind field.
Yanfei Liang, Zengliang Zang, Dong Liu, Peng Yan, Yiwen Hu, Yan Zhou, and Wei You
Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2020-223, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2020-223, 2020
Revised manuscript accepted for GMD
Eemeli Holopainen, Harri Kokkola, Anton Laakso, and Thomas Kühn
Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2020-220, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2020-220, 2020
Revised manuscript accepted for GMD
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This paper introduces an in-cloud wet deposition scheme for liquid and ice phase clouds for global aerosol-climate models. With default setup, our wet deposition scheme behaves spuriously and more better representation can be achieved, with this scheme, when black carbon is mixed with soluble compounds at emission time. This work is done as many of the global models fail to reproduce the transport of black carbon to the Arctic which can be due to poor representation of wet removal in models.
Arianna Valmassoi, Jimy Dudhia, Silvana Di Sabatino, and Francesco Pilla
Geosci. Model Dev., 13, 3179–3201, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-3179-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-3179-2020, 2020
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Irrigation affects the atmosphere and models are required to understand its full impact. However, there is no agreed procedure to describe irrigation within regional models. The present study introduces three new methods to integrate this process into the models and validates it for the Po Valley in northern Italy. All the tests done show that the results are improved with the new irrigation techniques when compared against some measures (e.g., temperature, potential evapotranspiration).
Dai Koshin, Kaoru Sato, Kazuyuki Miyazaki, and Shingo Watanabe
Geosci. Model Dev., 13, 3145–3177, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-3145-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-3145-2020, 2020
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A new data assimilation system with a 4D local ensemble transform Kalman filter for the whole neutral atmosphere is developed using a T42L124 general circulation model. A conventional observation dataset and bias-corrected satellite temperature data are assimilated. After the improvements of the forecast model, the assimilation parameters are optimized. The minimum optimal number of ensembles is also examined. Results are evaluated using the reanalysis data and independent radar observations.
Dominik Fröhlich and Andreas Matzarakis
Geosci. Model Dev., 13, 3055–3065, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-3055-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-3055-2020, 2020
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In the frame of the project "MOSAIK - Model-based city planning and application in climate change", a biometeorology module was implemented into the Parallelized Large-Eddy Simulation Model (PALM). It is comprised of methods for the estimation of three popular thermal indices for the assessment of human thermal comfort or thermal stress. Results of the new module are compared to those by the SkyHelios model as well as the version of the indices published in VDI guideline 3787, part 2.
Solène Turquety, Laurent Menut, Guillaume Siour, Sylvain Mailler, Juliette Hadji-Lazaro, Maya George, Cathy Clerbaux, Daniel Hurtmans, and Pierre-François Coheur
Geosci. Model Dev., 13, 2981–3009, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-2981-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-2981-2020, 2020
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Biomass burning emissions are a major source of trace gases and aerosols that need to be accounted for in air quality assessment and forecasting. The APIFLAME model presented in this paper allows the calculation of these emissions based on merged satellite observations at hourly time steps and kilometer scales. Implementing emissions in a chemistry transport model allows realistic simulations of fire plumes as illustrated for wildfires in Portugal in August 2016 using the CHIMERE model.
Jianglong Zhang, Robert J. D. Spurr, Jeffrey S. Reid, Peng Xian, Peter R. Colarco, James R. Campbell, Edward J. Hyer, and Nancy Baker
Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2020-216, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2020-216, 2020
Revised manuscript accepted for GMD
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A first-of-its-kind scheme has been developed for assimilating Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) aerosol index (AI) measurements into the Naval Aerosol Analysis and Predictive System. Improvements in model simulations demonstrate the utility of OMI AI data assimilation for improving the accuracy of aerosol model analysis over cloudy regions and bright surfaces. This study can be considered as one of the first attempts for direct radiance assimilation at the UV spectrum for aerosol analyses.
Robert Schoetter, Yu Ting Kwok, Cécile de Munck, Kevin Ka Lun Lau, Wai Kin Wong, and Valéry Masson
Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2020-190, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2020-190, 2020
Revised manuscript accepted for GMD
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Cities change the meteorological conditions for example by increasing air temperature, which can negatively impact their inhabitants during heat waves. TEB was developed to calculate the meteorological conditions in low- and mid-rise cities since it interacts only with the lowest level of an atmospheric model. Here, a multi-layer coupling of TEB is introduced to enable modelling the urban climate of cities with many skyscrapers; the new version is tested for the high-rise city of Hong Kong.
Shunliu Zhao, Matthew G. Russell, Amir Hakami, Shannon L. Capps, Matthew D. Turner, Daven K. Henze, Peter B. Percell, Jaroslav Resler, Huizhong Shen, Armistead G. Russell, Athanasios Nenes, Amanda J. Pappin, Sergey L. Napelenok, Jesse O. Bash, Kathleen M. Fahey, Gregory R. Carmichael, Charles O. Stanier, and Tianfeng Chai
Geosci. Model Dev., 13, 2925–2944, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-2925-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-2925-2020, 2020
Gan Luo, Fangqun Yu, and Jonathan M. Moch
Geosci. Model Dev., 13, 2879–2903, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-2879-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-2879-2020, 2020
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This work improved pH calculation for cloud, rain, and wet surfaces, fraction of cloud available for aqueous-phase chemistry, rainout efficiencies for various types of cloud, empirical washout by rain and snow, and wet surface uptake in GEOS-Chem v12.6.0. We compared simulated mass concentrations of aerosol precursors and aerosols with surface monitoring networks, Arctic sites, and ATom observations, and showed that the model results with the updated wet processes agree better for most species.
Laura D. Fowler, Mary C. Barth, and Kiran Alapaty
Geosci. Model Dev., 13, 2851–2877, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-2851-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-2851-2020, 2020
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The cloud liquid and ice water path and precipitation simulated with the Model for Prediction Across Scales are compared against satellite data over the tropical Pacific Ocean. Uniform and variable-resolution experiments using scale-aware convection schemes produce strong biases between simulated and observed diagnostics. Results underscore the importance of evaluating clouds, their optical properties, and radiation budget in addition to precipitation in mesh refinement global simulations.
Ondřej Tichý, Lukáš Ulrych, Václav Šmídl, Nikolaos Evangeliou, and Andreas Stohl
Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2020-121, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2020-121, 2020
Revised manuscript accepted for GMD
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We study the estimation of the temporal profile of an atmospheric release using formalization as a linear inverse problem. The problem is typically ill-posed, hence, all state-of-the-art methods need some form of regularization of the problem using additional information. We provide sensitivity study on the prior source term and regularization parameters for shape of the source term with demonstration on the ETEX experimental release and the Cs-134 and Cs-137 dataset from the Chernobyl accident.
Alessandro Cotronei and Thomas Slawig
Geosci. Model Dev., 13, 2783–2804, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-2783-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-2783-2020, 2020
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We converted the radiation part of the atmospheric model ECHAM to single-precision arithmetic, using a step-by-step change in all modules. A small code portion still requires higher precision. The generated code can be easily changed from double to single precision and vice versa. The quality of the output of the single-precision version is comparable to observational data and the one of the original code. The runtime was reduced by 40 %, and the energy consumption could also be decreased.
Enrique Pravia-Sarabia, Juan José Gómez-Navarro, Pedro Jiménez-Guerrero, and Juan Pedro Montávez
Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2020-149, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2020-149, 2020
Revised manuscript accepted for GMD
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This work shows TITAM, a time independent tracking algorithm specifically suited for Mediterranean tropical-like cyclones, often referred to as Medicanes. The new methodology developed has the capacity to track multiple simultaneous cyclones, the ability to track a Medicane in the presence of intense extratropical lows, the potential to separate the Medicane from other similar structures handling the intermittent loss of structure and managing the tilting of the axis.
Alejandro Luque, Francisco José Gordillo-Vázquez, Dongshuai Li, Alejandro Malagón-Romero, Francisco Javier Pérez-Invernón, Anthony Schmalzried, Sergio Soler, Olivier Chanrion, Matthias Heumesser, Torsten Neubert, Víctor Reglero, and Nikolai Østgaard
Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2020-161, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2020-161, 2020
Revised manuscript accepted for GMD
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Lightning flashes are often recorded from space-based platforms. Besides being valuable inputs to weather forecasting, these observations also enable research into fundamental questions in lightning physics. To exploit them it is essential to understand how light propagates from a lightning flash to a space-based observing instrument. Here we present an open-source software tool to model this process that extends previous works and overcomes some of their limitations.
Carlos A. F. Marques, Martinho Marta-Almeida, and José M. Castanheira
Geosci. Model Dev., 13, 2763–2781, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-2763-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-2763-2020, 2020
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A free software package for the computation of the 3-D normal modes of an hydrostatic atmosphere is presented. This software performs the computations in isobaric coordinates and was developed for two user-friendly languages: MATLAB and Python. The software can be used to expand the global atmospheric circulation onto the 3-D normal modes.
Ingrid Super, Hugo A. C. Denier van der Gon, Michiel K. van der Molen, Stijn N. C. Dellaert, and Wouter Peters
Geosci. Model Dev., 13, 2695–2721, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-2695-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-2695-2020, 2020
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Understanding urban CO2 fluxes is increasingly important to support emission reduction policies. In this work we extended an existing framework for emission verification to increase its suitability for urban areas and source-sector-based decision-making by using a dynamic emission model. We find that the dynamic emission model provides a better understanding of emissions at small scales and their uncertainties. By including co-emitted species, emission can be related to specific source sectors.
Fangqun Yu, Alexey B. Nadykto, Gan Luo, and Jason Herb
Geosci. Model Dev., 13, 2663–2670, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-2663-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-2663-2020, 2020
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Secondary particles formed via nucleation have important implications for air quality and climate. Here we describe nucleation rate lookup tables for four different nucleation mechanisms that can be readily used in chemistry transport and climate models. The nucleation rates predicted have been assessed against state-of-the-art laboratory measurements. The lookup tables cover a wide range of key parameters controlling binary, ternary, and ion-mediated nucleation in the Earth's atmosphere.
Jessica M. Tomaszewski and Julie K. Lundquist
Geosci. Model Dev., 13, 2645–2662, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-2645-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-2645-2020, 2020
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Wind farms can briefly impact the nearby environment by reducing wind speeds and mixing warmer air down to the surface. The wind farm parameterization (WFP) in the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model is a tool that numerically simulates wind farms and these meteorological impacts. We highlight the importance of choice in model settings and find that sufficiently fine vertical and horizontal grids with turbine turbulence are needed to accurately simulate wind farm meteorological impacts.
Georgy Ayzel, Tobias Scheffer, and Maik Heistermann
Geosci. Model Dev., 13, 2631–2644, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-2631-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-2631-2020, 2020
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In this study, we present RainNet, a deep convolutional neural network for radar-based precipitation nowcasting, which was trained to predict continuous precipitation intensities at a lead time of 5 min. RainNet significantly outperformed the benchmark models at all lead times up to 60 min. Yet, an undesirable property of RainNet predictions is the level of spatial smoothing. Obviously, RainNet learned an optimal level of smoothing to produce a nowcast at 5 min lead time.
Robin J. Hogan and Marco Matricardi
Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2020-99, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2020-99, 2020
Preprint under review for GMD
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A key component of computer models used to predict weather and climate is the radiation scheme, which calculates how solar and infrared radiation heats and cools the atmosphere and surface, including the important role of greenhouse gases. This paper describes the experimental protocol and large datasets for a new project 'CKDMIP', to evaluate and improve the accuracy of the treatment of atmospheric gases in the radiation schemes used worldwide, as well as their computational speed.
David Simpson, Robert Bergström, Alain Briolat, Hannah Imhof, John Johansson, Michael Priestley, and Álvaro Valdebenito
Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2020-147, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2020-147, 2020
Revised manuscript accepted for GMD
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This paper outlines the structure and usage of the GenChem system, which includes a chemical pre-processor
(GenChem.py), and a simple box-model (boxChem). GenChem provides scripts and input files for converting chemical equations into differential form for use in atmospheric chemical transport models (CTMs) and/or the boxChem system. Although GenChem is primarily intended for users of the EMEP MSC-W CTM and related systems, boxChem can be run as a stand-alone chemical solver.
Mona Kurppa, Pontus Roldin, Jani Strömberg, Anna Balling, Sasu Karttunen, Heino Kuuluvainen, Jarkko V. Niemi, Liisa Pirjola, Topi Rönkkö, Hilkka Timonen, Antti Hellsten, and Leena Järvi
Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2020-163, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2020-163, 2020
Revised manuscript accepted for GMD
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High-resolution modelling is needed to solve the aerosol concentrations in a complex urban area. Here the performance of an aerosol module within the PALM model to simulate the detailed horizontal and vertical distribution of aerosol particles is studies. Further, sensitivity to the meteorological and aerosol boundary conditions is assessed using both model and observation data. The horizontal distribution is sensitive to the wind speed and stability, and vertical to the wind direction.
Erik H. Hoffmann, Roland Schrödner, Andreas Tilgner, Ralf Wolke, and Hartmut Herrmann
Geosci. Model Dev., 13, 2587–2609, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-2587-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-2587-2020, 2020
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A condensed multiphase halogen and DMS chemistry mechanism for application in chemical transport models has been developed and applied by 2D simulations to explore multiphase marine chemistry above the pristine open ocean. The model simulations have demonstrated the ability of the mechanism in studying aerosol cloud processing effects in the marine atmosphere. First 2D simulations have shown significant differences in the DMS processing under convective and stratiform cloud conditions.
Sam J. Silva, Colette L. Heald, and Alex B. Guenther
Geosci. Model Dev., 13, 2569–2585, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-2569-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-2569-2020, 2020
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Simulating the influence of the biosphere on atmospheric chemistry has traditionally been computationally intensive. We describe a surrogate canopy physics model parameterized using a statistical learning technique and specifically designed for use in large-scale chemical transport models. Our surrogate model reproduces a more detailed model to within 10 % without a large computational demand, improving the process representation of biosphere–atmosphere exchange.
Lu Shen, Daniel J. Jacob, Mauricio Santillana, Xuan Wang, and Wei Chen
Geosci. Model Dev., 13, 2475–2486, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-2475-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-2475-2020, 2020
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Chemical mechanisms in air quality models tend to get more complicated with time, reflecting both increasing knowledge and the need for greater scope. This objectively improves the models but increases the computational burden. In this work, we present an approach that can reduce the computational cost of chemical integration by 30–40 % while maintaining an accuracy better than 1 %. It retains the complexity of the full mechanism where it is needed and preserves full diagnostic information.
Robin D. Lamboll, Zebedee R. J. Nicholls, Jarmo S. Kikstra, Malte Meinshausen, and Joeri Rogelj
Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2020-138, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2020-138, 2020
Revised manuscript accepted for GMD
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Many models project how human activity can lead to more or less climate change, but most of these models do not project all climate-relevant emissions, potentially biasing climate projections. This paper outlines a Python package called Silicone which can add missing emissions in a flexible yet high-throughput manner. It does this 'infilling' based on more complete literature projections. It facilitates a more complete understanding of the climate impact of alternative emission pathways.
Shelley C. van der Graaf, Richard Kranenburg, Arjo J. Segers, Martijn Schaap, and Jan Willem Erisman
Geosci. Model Dev., 13, 2451–2474, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-2451-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-2451-2020, 2020
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Chemical transport models (CTMs) are important tools to determine the fate of reactive nitrogen (Nr) emissions. The parameterization of the surface–atmosphere exchange in CTMs is often only linked to fixed, land-use-dependent values. In this paper, we present an approach to derive more realistic, dynamic leaf area index (LAI) and roughness length (z0) input maps using multiple satellite products. We evaluate the effect on Nr concentration and deposition fields modelled in the LOTOS-EUROS CTM.
Michael Jähn, Gerrit Kuhlmann, Qing Mu, Jean-Matthieu Haussaire, David Ochsner, Katherine Osterried, Valentin Clément, and Dominik Brunner
Geosci. Model Dev., 13, 2379–2392, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-2379-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-2379-2020, 2020
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Emission inventories of air pollutants and greenhouse gases are widely used as input for atmospheric chemistry transport models. However, the pre-processing of these data is both time-consuming and requires a large amount of disk storage. To overcome this issue, a Python package has been developed and tested for two different models. There, the inventory is projected to the model grid and scaling factors are provided. This approach saves computational time while remaining numerically equivalent.
Bart Degraeuwe, Enrico Pisoni, and Philippe Thunis
Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2020-90, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2020-90, 2020
Revised manuscript accepted for GMD
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To take decisions on how to improve air quality, it is useful to identify the main sources of pollution for an area of interest. Often these sources of pollution are identified with complex models that, even if accurate, are time consuming and complex. In this work we use another approach, simplified models, to accomplish the same task. The results, computed with two different set of simplified models, show the main sources of pollution for selected cities, and the associated uncertainties.
Bruce Rolstad Denby, Michael Gauss, Peter Wind, Qing Mu, Eivind Grøtting Wærsted, Hilde Fagerli, Alvaro Valdebenito, and Heiko Klein
Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2020-119, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2020-119, 2020
Revised manuscript accepted for GMD
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Air pollution is both a local and a global problem. Since measurements can not be made everywhere mathematical models are used to calculate air quality over cities or countries. Modelling over countries limits the level of detail of the models. For countries the level of detail is only a few kilomteres, so air quality at kerb sides are not properly represented. The uEMEP model is used together with the regional air quality model EMEP MSC-W to model details down to kerbside for all of Norway.
Joe R. McNorton, Nicolas Bousserez, Anna Agustí-Panareda, Gianpaolo Balsamo, Margarita Choulga, Andrew Dawson, Richard Engelen, Zak Kipling, and Simon Lang
Geosci. Model Dev., 13, 2297–2313, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-2297-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-2297-2020, 2020
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To infer carbon emissions from observations using atmospheric models, detailed knowledge of uncertainty is required. The uncertainties associated with models are often estimated because they are difficult to attribute. Here we use a state-of-the-art weather model to assess the impact of uncertainty in the wind fields on atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide. These results can be used to help quantify the uncertainty in estimated carbon emissions from atmospheric observations.
Cited articles
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Appel, K. W., Bhave, P. V., Gilliland, A. B., Sarwar, G., and Roselle, S. J.: Evaluation of the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model version 4.5: Sensitivities impacting model performance; Part II – particulate matter, Atmos. Environ., 42, 6057–6066, 2008.
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De Noblet-Ducoudré, N., Boissier, J.-P., Pitman, A., Bonan, G. B., Brovkin, V., Cruz, F., Delire, C., Gayler, V., van den Hurk, B., Lawrence, P. J., van der Mollen, M. K., Müller, C., Reick, C. H., Strengers, B. J., and Voldoire, A.: Determining robust impacts of land-use-induced land cover changes on surface climate over North America and Eurasia: results from the first set of LUCID experiments, J. Climate, 25, 3261–3281, 2012.
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Emeis, S., Forkel, R., Junkermann, W., Schäfer, K., Flentje, H., Gilge, S., Fricke, W., Wiegner, M., Freudenthaler, V., Gro{ß}, S., Ries, L., Meinhardt, F., Birmili, W., Münkel, C., Obleitner, F., and Suppan, P.: Measurement and simulation of the 16/17 April 2010 Eyjafjallajökull volcanic ash layer dispersion in the northern Alpine region, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 2689–2701, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-2689-2011, 2011.
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