Articles | Volume 17, issue 6
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-2471-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-2471-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Model evaluation paper
| 
02 Apr 2024
Model evaluation paper |
| 02 Apr 2024
| 02 Apr 2024
Intercomparison of multiple two-way coupled meteorology and air quality models (WRF v4.1.1–CMAQ v5.3.1, WRF–Chem v4.1.1, and WRF v3.7.1–CHIMERE v2020r1) in eastern China
Chao Gao
State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, China
Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, China
Xuelei Zhang
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, China
Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, China
Aijun Xiu
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, China
Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, China
Qingqing Tong
State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, China
Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, China
Hongmei Zhao
State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, China
Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, China
Shichun Zhang
State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, China
Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, China
Guangyi Yang
State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, China
Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, China
College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
Mengduo Zhang
State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, China
Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, China
College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
Shengjin Xie
State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, China
Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, China
School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150000, China
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With ever-growing applications of two-way coupled meteorology and air quality models in Asia over the past decade, this paper summarizes the current status and research focuses, as well as how aerosol effects impact model performance, meteorology, and air quality. These models enable investigations of ARI and ACI effects induced by natural and anthropogenic aerosols in Asia, which has serious air pollution problems. The current gaps and perspectives are also presented and discussed.
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Tenglong Shi, Jiecan Cui, Yang Chen, Yue Zhou, Wei Pu, Xuanye Xu, Quanliang Chen, Xuelei Zhang, and Xin Wang
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Thi Lan Anh Dinh and Filipe Aires
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We proposed the leave-two-out method (i.e. one particular implementation of the nested cross-validation) to determine the optimal statistical crop model (using the validation dataset) and estimate its true generalization ability (using the testing dataset). This approach is applied to two examples (robusta coffee in Cu M'gar and grain maize in France). The results suggested that the simple models are more suitable in crop modelling where a limited number of samples is available.
Matthew Binsted, Gokul Iyer, Pralit Patel, Neal T. Graham, Yang Ou, Zarrar Khan, Nazar Kholod, Kanishka Narayan, Mohamad Hejazi, Son Kim, Katherine Calvin, and Marshall Wise
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GCAM-USA v5.3_water_dispatch is an open-source model that represents key interactions across economic, energy, water, and land systems in a global framework, with subnational detail in the United States. GCAM-USA can be used to explore future changes in demand for (and production of) energy, water, and crops at the state and regional level in the US. This paper describes GCAM-USA and provides four illustrative scenarios to demonstrate the model's capabilities and potential applications.
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The GOBLIN (General Overview for a Backcasting approach of Livestock INtensification) model is a new high-resolution integrated
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Samuel Lüthi, Gabriela Aznar-Siguan, Christopher Fairless, and David N. Bresch
Geosci. Model Dev., 14, 7175–7187, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-7175-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-7175-2021, 2021
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In light of the dramatic increase in economic impacts due to wildfires, the need for modelling impacts of wildfire damage is ever increasing. Insurance companies, households, humanitarian organisations and governmental authorities are worried by climate risks. In this study we present an approach to modelling wildfire impacts using the open-source modelling platform CLIMADA. All input data are free, public and globally available, ensuring applicability in data-scarce regions of the Global South.
Lavinia Baumstark, Nico Bauer, Falk Benke, Christoph Bertram, Stephen Bi, Chen Chris Gong, Jan Philipp Dietrich, Alois Dirnaichner, Anastasis Giannousakis, Jérôme Hilaire, David Klein, Johannes Koch, Marian Leimbach, Antoine Levesque, Silvia Madeddu, Aman Malik, Anne Merfort, Leon Merfort, Adrian Odenweller, Michaja Pehl, Robert C. Pietzcker, Franziska Piontek, Sebastian Rauner, Renato Rodrigues, Marianna Rottoli, Felix Schreyer, Anselm Schultes, Bjoern Soergel, Dominika Soergel, Jessica Strefler, Falko Ueckerdt, Elmar Kriegler, and Gunnar Luderer
Geosci. Model Dev., 14, 6571–6603, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-6571-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-6571-2021, 2021
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This paper presents the new and open-source version 2.1 of the REgional Model of INvestments and Development (REMIND) with the aim of improving code documentation and transparency. REMIND is an integrated assessment model (IAM) of the energy-economic system. By answering questions like
Can the world keep global warming below 2 °C?and, if so,
Under what socio-economic conditions and applying what technological options?, it is the goal of REMIND to explore consistent transformation pathways.
Phillip D. Alderman
Geosci. Model Dev., 14, 6541–6569, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-6541-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-6541-2021, 2021
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This paper documents a framework for accessing crop model input data directly from spatially referenced file formats and running simulations in parallel across a geographic region using the Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer Cropping Systems Model (a widely used crop model system). The framework greatly reduced the execution time when compared to running the standard version of the model.
Abhijeet Mishra, Florian Humpenöder, Jan Philipp Dietrich, Benjamin Leon Bodirsky, Brent Sohngen, Christopher P. O. Reyer, Hermann Lotze-Campen, and Alexander Popp
Geosci. Model Dev., 14, 6467–6494, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-6467-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-6467-2021, 2021
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Timber plantations are an increasingly important source of roundwood production, next to harvest from natural forests. However, timber plantations are currently underrepresented in global land-use models. Here, we include timber production and plantations in the MAgPIE modeling framework. This allows one to capture the competition for land between agriculture and forestry. We show that increasing timber plantations in the coming decades partly compete with cropland for limited land resources.
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Binkowski, F. S. and Roselle, S. J.: Models‐3 Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model aerosol component 1. Model description, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 108, https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JD001409, 2003.
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Chen, L., Gao, Y., Zhang, M., Fu, J. S., Zhu, J., Liao, H., Li, J., Huang, K., Ge, B., Wang, X., Lam, Y. F., Lin, C.-Y., Itahashi, S., Nagashima, T., Kajino, M., Yamaji, K., Wang, Z., and Kurokawa, J.: MICS-Asia III: multi-model comparison and evaluation of aerosol over East Asia, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 11911–11937, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-11911-2019, 2019.
Ding, Q., Sun, J., Huang, X., Ding, A., Zou, J., Yang, X., and Fu, C.: Impacts of black carbon on the formation of advection–radiation fog during a haze pollution episode in eastern China, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 7759–7774, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-7759-2019, 2019.
Dionne, J., von Salzen, K., Cole, J., Mahmood, R., Leaitch, W. R., Lesins, G., Folkins, I., and Chang, R. Y.-W.: Modelling the relationship between liquid water content and cloud droplet number concentration observed in low clouds in the summer Arctic and its radiative effects, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 29–43, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-29-2020, 2020.
Fan, J., Wang, Y., Rosenfeld, D., and Liu, X.: Review of aerosol-cloud interactions: Mechanisms, significance, and challenges, J. Atmos. Sci., 73, 4221–4252, https://doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-16-0037.1, 2016.
Feng, X., Lin, H., Fu, T.-M., Sulprizio, M. P., Zhuang, J., Jacob, D. J., Tian, H., Ma, Y., Zhang, L., Wang, X., Chen, Q., and Han, Z.: WRF-GC (v2.0): online two-way coupling of WRF (v3.9.1.1) and GEOS-Chem (v12.7.2) for modeling regional atmospheric chemistry–meteorology interactions, Geosci. Model Dev., 14, 3741–3768, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-3741-2021, 2021.
Forkel, R., Werhahn, J., Hansen, A. B., McKeen, S., Peckham, S., Grell, G., and Suppan, P.: Effect of aerosol-radiation feedback on regional air quality – A case study with WRF/Chem, Atmos. Environ., 53, 202–211, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.10.009,
Gao, C., Zhang, X., Xiu, A., Huang, L., Zhao, H., Wang, K., and Tong, Q.: Spatiotemporal distribution of biogenic volatile organic compounds emissions in China, Acta Sci. Circumstantiae, 39, 4140–4151, https://doi.org/10.13671/j.hjkxxb.2019.0243, 2019.
Gao, C., Xiu, A., Zhang, X., Tong, Q., Zhao, H., Zhang, S., Yang, G., and Zhang, M.: Two-way coupled meteorology and air quality models in Asia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of impacts of aerosol feedbacks on meteorology and air quality, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 5265–5329, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-5265-2022, 2022a.
Gao, C., Xiu, A., and Zhang, X.: Oservational data for sfdda nudging analysis in WRF model over China during 2017, Zenodo [data set], https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6975602, 2022b.
Gao, C., Xiu, A., Zhang, X., Tong, Q., Zhao, H., Zhang, S., Yang, G., Zhang, M., and Xie, S.: Source codes of WRF v4.1.1-CMAQ v5.3.1, WRF-Chem v4.1.1 and WRF v3.7.1-CHIMERE v2020r1, Zenodo [software], https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7901682, 2023a.
Gao, C., Xiu, A., Zhang, X., Tong, Q., Zhao, H., Zhang, S., Yang, G., Zhang, M., and Xie, S.: FNL data used for producing meteorological ICs/BCs of WRF v4.1.1-CMAQ v5.3.1, WRF-Chem v4.1.1 and WRF v3.7.1-CHIMERE v2020r1, Zenodo [data set], https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7925012, 2023b.
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Gao, C., Xiu, A., Zhang, X., Tong, Q., Zhao, H., Zhang, S., Yang, G., Zhang, M., and Xie, S.: Chemical initial and boundary conditions for WRF-Chem, Zenodo [data set], https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7932936, 2023d.
Gao, C., Xiu, A., Zhang, X., Tong, Q., Zhao, H., Zhang, S., Yang, G., Zhang, M., and Xie, S.: Chemical initial and boundary conditions for WRF-CHIMERE, Zenodo [data set], https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7933641, 2023e.
Gao, C., Zhang, X., Xiu, A., Tong, Q., Zhao, H., Zhang, S., Yang, G., Zhang, M., and Xie, S.: Emission input data for WRF-CMAQ, Zenodo [data set], https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7932430, 2023f.
Gao, C., Xiu, A., Zhang, X., Tong, Q., Zhao, H., Zhang, S., Yang, G., Zhang, M., and Xie, S.: Emission input data for WRF-Chem, Zenodo [data set], https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7932734, 2023g.
Gao, C., Xiu, A., Zhang, X., Tong, Q., Zhao, H., Zhang, S., Yang, G., Zhang, M., and Xie, S.: Emission input data for WRF-CHMIERE, Zenodo [data set], https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7931614, 2023h.
Gao, C., Xiu, A., Zhang, X., Tong, Q., Zhao, H., Zhang, S., Yang, G., Zhang, M., and Xie, S.: Data used to create figures and tables in the GMD manuscript “Inter-comparison of multiple two-way coupled meteorology and air quality models (WRF v4.1.1-CMAQ v5.3.1, WRF-Chem v4.1.1 and WRF v3.7.1-CHIMERE v2020r1) in eastern China”, Zenodo [data set], https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7750907, 2023i.
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Gao, Y., Zhang, M., Liu, Z., Wang, L., Wang, P., Xia, X., Tao, M., and Zhu, L.: Modeling the feedback between aerosol and meteorological variables in the atmospheric boundary layer during a severe fog–haze event over the North China Plain, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 4279–4295, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-4279-2015, 2015.
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Short summary
A comprehensive comparison study is conducted targeting the performances of three two-way coupled meteorology and air quality models (WRF-CMAQ, WRF-Chem, and WRF-CHIMERE) for eastern China during 2017. The impacts of aerosol–radiation–cloud interactions on these models’ results are evaluated against satellite and surface observations. Further improvements to the calculation of aerosol–cloud interactions in these models are crucial to ensure more accurate and timely air quality forecasts.
A comprehensive comparison study is conducted targeting the performances of three two-way...
