Articles | Volume 15, issue 12
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-4959-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-4959-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Soil Cycles of Elements simulator for Predicting TERrestrial regulation of greenhouse gases: SCEPTER v0.9
School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of
Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
Shuang Zhang
Department of Oceanography, Texas A&M University, College Station,
TX 77843, USA
Noah J. Planavsky
Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Yale University, New
Haven, CT 06511, USA
Christopher T. Reinhard
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of
Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
Related authors
Yoshiki Kanzaki, Isabella Chiaravalloti, Shuang Zhang, Noah J. Planavsky, and Christopher T. Reinhard
Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2023-137, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2023-137, 2023
Revised manuscript accepted for GMD
Short summary
Short summary
Soil pH is one of the most commonly measured agronomical and biogeochemical indices, mostly reflecting exchangeable acidity. Explicit simulation of both porewater pH and bulk soil pH is thus crucial to accurate evaluation of alkalinity required to counteract soil acidification and resulting capture of anthropogenic carbon dioxide through the Enhanced Rock Weathering technique. This has been enabled by the updated reactive-transport SCEPTER code and newly developed framework to simulate soil pH.
Yoshiki Kanzaki, Dominik Hülse, Sandra Kirtland Turner, and Andy Ridgwell
Geosci. Model Dev., 14, 5999–6023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-5999-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-5999-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Sedimentary carbonate plays a central role in regulating Earth’s carbon cycle and climate, and also serves as an archive of paleoenvironments, hosting various trace elements/isotopes. To help obtain
trueenvironmental changes from carbonate records over diagenetic distortion, IMP has been newly developed and has the capability to simulate the diagenesis of multiple carbonate particles and implement different styles of particle mixing by benthos using an adapted transition matrix method.
Yoshiki Kanzaki
Solid Earth, 11, 1475–1488, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-11-1475-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-11-1475-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
This study evaluates the buffering of seawater oxygen isotopes at midocean ridges, using a process-based model of hydrothermal circulation and reactive transport of oxygen isotopes. The buffering intensity shown by the model is significantly weaker than previously assumed. Oxygen isotopes of oceanic crust are consistently relatively insensitive to seawater isotopic composition, which explains the ancient oceanic crust without invoking a constant seawater oxygen–isotopic composition through time.
Yoshiki Kanzaki, Bernard P. Boudreau, Sandra Kirtland Turner, and Andy Ridgwell
Geosci. Model Dev., 12, 4469–4496, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-4469-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-4469-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
This paper provides eLABS, an extension of the lattice-automaton bioturbation simulator LABS. In our new model, the benthic animal behavior interacts and changes dynamically with oxygen and organic matter concentrations and the water flows caused by benthic animals themselves, in a 2-D marine-sediment grid. The model can address the mechanisms behind empirical observations of bioturbation based on the interactions between physical, chemical and biological aspects of marine sediment.
Maria Val Martin, Elena Blanc-Betes, Ka Ming Fung, Euripides P. Kantzas, Ilsa B. Kantola, Isabella Chiaravalloti, Lyla L. Taylor, Louisa K. Emmons, William R. Wieder, Noah J. Planavsky, Michael D. Masters, Evan H. DeLucia, Amos P. K. Tai, and David J. Beerling
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 5783–5801, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-5783-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-5783-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Enhanced rock weathering (ERW) is a CO2 removal strategy that involves applying crushed rocks (e.g., basalt) to agricultural soils. However, unintended processes within the N cycle due to soil pH changes may affect the climate benefits of C sequestration. ERW could drive changes in soil emissions of non-CO2 GHGs (N2O) and trace gases (NO and NH3) that may affect air quality. We present a new improved N cycling scheme for the land model (CLM5) to evaluate ERW effects on soil gas N emissions.
Yoshiki Kanzaki, Isabella Chiaravalloti, Shuang Zhang, Noah J. Planavsky, and Christopher T. Reinhard
Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2023-137, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2023-137, 2023
Revised manuscript accepted for GMD
Short summary
Short summary
Soil pH is one of the most commonly measured agronomical and biogeochemical indices, mostly reflecting exchangeable acidity. Explicit simulation of both porewater pH and bulk soil pH is thus crucial to accurate evaluation of alkalinity required to counteract soil acidification and resulting capture of anthropogenic carbon dioxide through the Enhanced Rock Weathering technique. This has been enabled by the updated reactive-transport SCEPTER code and newly developed framework to simulate soil pH.
Kazumi Ozaki, Devon B. Cole, Christopher T. Reinhard, and Eiichi Tajika
Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 7593–7639, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-7593-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-7593-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
A new biogeochemical model (CANOPS-GRB v1.0) for assessing the redox stability and dynamics of the ocean–atmosphere system on geologic timescales has been developed. In this paper, we present a full description of the model and its performance. CANOPS-GRB is a useful tool for understanding the factors regulating atmospheric O2 level and has the potential to greatly refine our current understanding of Earth's oxygenation history.
Yoshiki Kanzaki, Dominik Hülse, Sandra Kirtland Turner, and Andy Ridgwell
Geosci. Model Dev., 14, 5999–6023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-5999-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-5999-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Sedimentary carbonate plays a central role in regulating Earth’s carbon cycle and climate, and also serves as an archive of paleoenvironments, hosting various trace elements/isotopes. To help obtain
trueenvironmental changes from carbonate records over diagenetic distortion, IMP has been newly developed and has the capability to simulate the diagenesis of multiple carbonate particles and implement different styles of particle mixing by benthos using an adapted transition matrix method.
Sebastiaan J. van de Velde, Dominik Hülse, Christopher T. Reinhard, and Andy Ridgwell
Geosci. Model Dev., 14, 2713–2745, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-2713-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-2713-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Biogeochemical interactions between iron and sulfur are central to the long-term biogeochemical evolution of Earth’s oceans. Here, we introduce an iron–sulphur cycle in a model of Earth's oceans. Our analyses show that the results of the model are robust towards parameter choices and that simulated concentrations and reactions are comparable to those observed in ancient ocean analogues (anoxic lakes). Our model represents an important step forward in the study of iron–sulfur cycling.
Christopher T. Reinhard, Stephanie L. Olson, Sandra Kirtland Turner, Cecily Pälike, Yoshiki Kanzaki, and Andy Ridgwell
Geosci. Model Dev., 13, 5687–5706, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-5687-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-5687-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We provide documentation and testing of new developments for the oceanic and atmospheric methane cycles in the cGENIE Earth system model. The model is designed to explore Earth's methane cycle across a wide range of timescales and scenarios, in particular assessing the mean climate state and climate perturbations in Earth's deep past. We further document the impact of atmospheric oxygen levels and ocean chemistry on fluxes of methane to the atmosphere from the ocean biosphere.
Yoshiki Kanzaki
Solid Earth, 11, 1475–1488, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-11-1475-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-11-1475-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
This study evaluates the buffering of seawater oxygen isotopes at midocean ridges, using a process-based model of hydrothermal circulation and reactive transport of oxygen isotopes. The buffering intensity shown by the model is significantly weaker than previously assumed. Oxygen isotopes of oceanic crust are consistently relatively insensitive to seawater isotopic composition, which explains the ancient oceanic crust without invoking a constant seawater oxygen–isotopic composition through time.
Yoshiki Kanzaki, Bernard P. Boudreau, Sandra Kirtland Turner, and Andy Ridgwell
Geosci. Model Dev., 12, 4469–4496, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-4469-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-4469-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
This paper provides eLABS, an extension of the lattice-automaton bioturbation simulator LABS. In our new model, the benthic animal behavior interacts and changes dynamically with oxygen and organic matter concentrations and the water flows caused by benthic animals themselves, in a 2-D marine-sediment grid. The model can address the mechanisms behind empirical observations of bioturbation based on the interactions between physical, chemical and biological aspects of marine sediment.
Related subject area
Biogeosciences
Optimising CH4 simulations from the LPJ-GUESS model v4.1 using an adaptive Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm
The XSO framework (v0.1) and Phydra library (v0.1) for a flexible, reproducible, and integrated plankton community modeling environment in Python
AgriCarbon-EO v1.0.1: large-scale and high-resolution simulation of carbon fluxes by assimilation of Sentinel-2 and Landsat-8 reflectances using a Bayesian approach
SAMM version 1.0: a numerical model for microbial- mediated soil aggregate formation
A model of the within-population variability of budburst in forest trees
Computationally efficient parameter estimation for high-dimensional ocean biogeochemical models
The community-centered freshwater biogeochemistry model unified RIVE v1.0: a unified version for water column
Observation-based sowing dates and cultivars significantly affect yield and irrigation for some crops in the Community Land Model (CLM5)
The statistical emulators of GGCMI phase 2: responses of year-to-year variation of crop yield to CO2, temperature, water, and nitrogen perturbations
A novel Eulerian model based on central moments to simulate age and reactivity continua interacting with mixing processes
Dynamic ecosystem assembly and escaping the “fire-trap” in the tropics: Insights from FATES_15.0.0
AdaScape 1.0: a coupled modelling tool to investigate the links between tectonics, climate, and biodiversity
An along-track Biogeochemical Argo modelling framework: a case study of model improvements for the Nordic seas
A global behavioural model of human fire use and management: WHAM! v1.0
Peatland-VU-NUCOM (PVN 1.0): using dynamic plant functional types to model peatland vegetation, CH4, and CO2 emissions
Quantification of hydraulic trait control on plant hydrodynamics and risk of hydraulic failure within a demographic structured vegetation model in a tropical forest (FATES–HYDRO V1.0)
Simple process-led algorithms for simulating habitats (SPLASH v.2.0): calibration-free calculations of water and energy fluxes
biospheremetrics v1.0.1: An R package to calculate two complementary terrestrial biosphere integrity indicators: human colonization of the biosphere (BioCol) and risk of ecosystem destabilization (EcoRisk)
SedTrace 1.0: a Julia-based framework for generating and running reactive-transport models of marine sediment diagenesis specializing in trace elements and isotopes
A high-resolution marine mercury model MITgcm-ECCO2-Hg with online biogeochemistry
Improving nitrogen cycling in a land surface model (CLM5) to quantify soil N2O, NO, and NH3 emissions from enhanced rock weathering with croplands
Modeling boreal forest soil dynamics with the microbially explicit soil model MIMICS+ (v1.0)
Inferring the tree regeneration niche from inventory data using a dynamic forest model
Implementing a dynamic representation of fire and harvest including subgrid-scale heterogeneity in the tile-based land surface model CLASSIC v1.45
Ocean biogeochemistry in the coupled ocean–sea ice–biogeochemistry model FESOM2.1–REcoM3
In-silico calculation of soil pH by SCEPTER v1.0
Forcing the Global Fire Emissions Database burned-area dataset into the Community Land Model version 5.0: impacts on carbon and water fluxes at high latitudes
Optimal enzyme allocation leads to the constrained enzyme hypothesis: The Soil Enzyme Steady Allocation Model (SESAM v3.1)
Modeling of non-structural carbohydrate dynamics by the spatially explicit individual-based dynamic global vegetation model SEIB-DGVM (SEIB-DGVM-NSC version 1.0)
Terrestrial Ecosystem Model in R (TEMIR) version 1.0: Simulating ecophysiological responses of vegetation to atmospheric chemical and meteorological changes
MEDFATE 2.9.3: a trait-enabled model to simulate Mediterranean forest function and dynamics at regional scales
Modelling the role of livestock grazing in C and N cycling in grasslands with LPJmL5.0-grazing
Implementation of trait-based ozone plant sensitivity in the Yale Interactive terrestrial Biosphere model v1.0 to assess global vegetation damage
The Permafrost and Organic LayEr module for Forest Models (POLE-FM) 1.0
CompLaB v1.0: a scalable pore-scale model for flow, biogeochemistry, microbial metabolism, and biofilm dynamics
Validation of a new spatially explicit process-based model (HETEROFOR) to simulate structurally and compositionally complex forest stands in eastern North America
Global agricultural ammonia emissions simulated with the ORCHIDEE land surface model
ForamEcoGEnIE 2.0: incorporating symbiosis and spine traits into a trait-based global planktic foraminiferal model
FABM-NflexPD 2.0: testing an instantaneous acclimation approach for modeling the implications of phytoplankton eco-physiology for the carbon and nutrient cycles
Evaluating the vegetation–atmosphere coupling strength of ORCHIDEE land surface model (v7266)
Non-Redfieldian carbon model for the Baltic Sea (ERGOM version 1.2) – implementation and budget estimates
Implementation of a new crop phenology and irrigation scheme in the ISBA land surface model using SURFEX_v8.1
Simulating long-term responses of soil organic matter turnover to substrate stoichiometry by abstracting fast and small-scale microbial processes: the Soil Enzyme Steady Allocation Model (SESAM; v3.0)
Modeling demographic-driven vegetation dynamics and ecosystem biogeochemical cycling in NASA GISS's Earth system model (ModelE-BiomeE v.1.0)
Forest fluxes and mortality response to drought: model description (ORCHIDEE-CAN-NHA r7236) and evaluation at the Caxiuanã drought experiment
Matrix representation of lateral soil movements: scaling and calibrating CE-DYNAM (v2) at a continental level
CANOPS-GRB v1.0: a new Earth system model for simulating the evolution of ocean–atmosphere chemistry over geologic timescales
Low sensitivity of three terrestrial biosphere models to soil texture over the South American tropics
FESDIA (v1.0): exploring temporal variations of sediment biogeochemistry under the influence of flood events using numerical modelling
Impact of changes in climate and CO2 on the carbon storage potential of vegetation under limited water availability using SEIB-DGVM version 3.02
Jalisha T. Kallingal, Johan Lindström, Paul A. Miller, Janne Rinne, Maarit Raivonen, and Marko Scholze
Geosci. Model Dev., 17, 2299–2324, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-2299-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-2299-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
By unlocking the mysteries of CH4 emissions from wetlands, our work improved the accuracy of the LPJ-GUESS vegetation model using Bayesian statistics. Via assimilation of long-term real data from a wetland, we significantly enhanced CH4 emission predictions. This advancement helps us better understand wetland contributions to atmospheric CH4, which are crucial for addressing climate change. Our method offers a promising tool for refining global climate models and guiding conservation efforts
Benjamin Post, Esteban Acevedo-Trejos, Andrew D. Barton, and Agostino Merico
Geosci. Model Dev., 17, 1175–1195, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-1175-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-1175-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Creating computational models of how phytoplankton grows in the ocean is a technical challenge. We developed a new tool set (Xarray-simlab-ODE) for building such models using the programming language Python. We demonstrate the tool set in a library of plankton models (Phydra). Our goal was to allow scientists to develop models quickly, while also allowing the model structures to be changed easily. This allows us to test many different structures of our models to find the most appropriate one.
Taeken Wijmer, Ahmad Al Bitar, Ludovic Arnaud, Remy Fieuzal, and Eric Ceschia
Geosci. Model Dev., 17, 997–1021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-997-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-997-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Quantification of carbon fluxes of crops is an essential building block for the construction of a monitoring, reporting, and verification approach. We developed an end-to-end platform (AgriCarbon-EO) that assimilates, through a Bayesian approach, high-resolution (10 m) optical remote sensing data into radiative transfer and crop modelling at regional scale (100 x 100 km). Large-scale estimates of carbon flux are validated against in situ flux towers and yield maps and analysed at regional scale.
Moritz Laub, Sergey Blagodatsky, Marijn Van de Broek, Samuel Schlichenmaier, Benjapon Kunlanit, Johan Six, Patma Vityakon, and Georg Cadisch
Geosci. Model Dev., 17, 931–956, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-931-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-931-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
To manage soil organic matter (SOM) sustainably, we need a better understanding of the role that soil microbes play in aggregate protection. Here, we propose the SAMM model, which connects soil aggregate formation to microbial growth. We tested it against data from a tropical long-term experiment and show that SAMM effectively represents the microbial growth, SOM, and aggregate dynamics and that it can be used to explore the importance of aggregate formation in SOM stabilization.
Jianhong Lin, Daniel Berveiller, Christophe François, Heikki Hänninen, Alexandre Morfin, Gaëlle Vincent, Rui Zhang, Cyrille Rathgeber, and Nicolas Delpierre
Geosci. Model Dev., 17, 865–879, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-865-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-865-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Currently, the high variability of budburst between individual trees is overlooked. The consequences of this neglect when projecting the dynamics and functioning of tree communities are unknown. Here we develop the first process-oriented model to describe the difference in budburst dates between individual trees in plant populations. Beyond budburst, the model framework provides a basis for studying the dynamics of phenological traits under climate change, from the individual to the community.
Skyler Kern, Mary E. McGuinn, Katherine M. Smith, Nadia Pinardi, Kyle E. Niemeyer, Nicole S. Lovenduski, and Peter E. Hamlington
Geosci. Model Dev., 17, 621–649, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-621-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-621-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Computational models are used to simulate the behavior of marine ecosystems. The models often have unknown parameters that need to be calibrated to accurately represent observational data. Here, we propose a novel approach to simultaneously determine a large set of parameters for a one-dimensional model of a marine ecosystem in the surface ocean at two contrasting sites. By utilizing global and local optimization techniques, we estimate many parameters in a computationally efficient manner.
Shuaitao Wang, Vincent Thieu, Gilles Billen, Josette Garnier, Marie Silvestre, Audrey Marescaux, Xingcheng Yan, and Nicolas Flipo
Geosci. Model Dev., 17, 449–476, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-449-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-449-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This paper presents unified RIVE v1.0, a unified version of the freshwater biogeochemistry model RIVE. It harmonizes different RIVE implementations, providing the referenced formalisms for microorganism activities to describe full biogeochemical cycles in the water column (e.g., carbon, nutrients, oxygen). Implemented as open-source projects in Python 3 (pyRIVE 1.0) and ANSI C (C-RIVE 0.32), unified RIVE v1.0 promotes and enhances collaboration among research teams and public services.
Sam S. Rabin, William J. Sacks, Danica L. Lombardozzi, Lili Xia, and Alan Robock
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 7253–7273, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-7253-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-7253-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Climate models can help us simulate how the agricultural system will be affected by and respond to environmental change, but to be trustworthy they must realistically reproduce historical patterns. When farmers plant their crops and what varieties they choose will be important aspects of future adaptation. Here, we improve the crop component of a global model to better simulate observed growing seasons and examine the impacts on simulated crop yields and irrigation demand.
Weihang Liu, Tao Ye, Christoph Müller, Jonas Jägermeyr, James A. Franke, Haynes Stephens, and Shuo Chen
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 7203–7221, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-7203-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-7203-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We develop a machine-learning-based crop model emulator with the inputs and outputs of multiple global gridded crop model ensemble simulations to capture the year-to-year variation of crop yield under future climate change. The emulator can reproduce the year-to-year variation of simulated yield given by the crop models under CO2, temperature, water, and nitrogen perturbations. Developing this emulator can provide a tool to project future climate change impact in a simple way.
Jurjen Rooze, Heewon Jung, and Hagen Radtke
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 7107–7121, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-7107-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-7107-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Chemical particles in nature have properties such as age or reactivity. Distributions can describe the properties of chemical concentrations. In nature, they are affected by mixing processes, such as chemical diffusion, burrowing animals, and bottom trawling. We derive equations for simulating the effect of mixing on central moments that describe the distributions. We then demonstrate applications in which these equations are used to model continua in disturbed natural environments.
Jacquelyn K. Shuman, Rosie A. Fisher, Charles D. Koven, Ryan G. Knox, Lara M. Kueppers, and Chonggang Xu
Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2023-191, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2023-191, 2023
Preprint under review for GMD
Short summary
Short summary
We adapt a fire-behavior and effects module for use in a size-structured vegetation demographic model to test how climate, fire regime and fire-tolerance plant traits interact to determine the distribution of tropical forests and grasslands. Our model captures the connection between fire disturbance and plant fire-tolerance strategies in determining plant distribution and provides a useful tool for understanding the vulnerability of these areas under changing conditions across the tropics.
Esteban Acevedo-Trejos, Jean Braun, Katherine Kravitz, N. Alexia Raharinirina, and Benoît Bovy
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 6921–6941, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-6921-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-6921-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The interplay of tectonics and climate influences the evolution of life and the patterns of biodiversity we observe on earth's surface. Here we present an adaptive speciation component coupled with a landscape evolution model that captures the essential earth-surface, ecological, and evolutionary processes that lead to the diversification of taxa. We can illustrate with our tool how life and landforms co-evolve to produce distinct biodiversity patterns on geological timescales.
Veli Çağlar Yumruktepe, Erik Askov Mousing, Jerry Tjiputra, and Annette Samuelsen
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 6875–6897, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-6875-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-6875-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We present an along BGC-Argo track 1D modelling framework. The model physics is constrained by the BGC-Argo temperature and salinity profiles to reduce the uncertainties related to mixed layer dynamics, allowing the evaluation of the biogeochemical formulation and parameterization. We objectively analyse the model with BGC-Argo and satellite data and improve the model biogeochemical dynamics. We present the framework, example cases and routines for model improvement and implementations.
Oliver Perkins, Matthew Kasoar, Apostolos Voulgarakis, Cathy Smith, Jay Mistry, and James Millington
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2162, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2162, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Wildfire is often presented in the media as a danger to human life. Yet globally, millions of people’s livelihoods depend on using fire as a tool. So, patterns of fire emerge from interactions between humans, land use and climate. This complexity means scientists cannot yet reliably say how fire will be impacted by climate change. So, we developed a new model that represents globally how people use and manage fire. The model reveals the extent and diversity of how humans live with and use fire.
Tanya J. R. Lippmann, Ype van der Velde, Monique M. P. D. Heijmans, Han Dolman, Dimmie M. D. Hendriks, and Ko van Huissteden
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 6773–6804, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-6773-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-6773-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Vegetation is a critical component of carbon storage in peatlands but an often-overlooked concept in many peatland models. We developed a new model capable of simulating the response of vegetation to changing environments and management regimes. We evaluated the model against observed chamber data collected at two peatland sites. We found that daily air temperature, water level, harvest frequency and height, and vegetation composition drive methane and carbon dioxide emissions.
Chonggang Xu, Bradley Christoffersen, Zachary Robbins, Ryan Knox, Rosie A. Fisher, Rutuja Chitra-Tarak, Martijn Slot, Kurt Solander, Lara Kueppers, Charles Koven, and Nate McDowell
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 6267–6283, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-6267-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-6267-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We introduce a plant hydrodynamic model for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)-sponsored model, the Functionally Assembled Terrestrial Ecosystem Simulator (FATES). To better understand this new model system and its functionality in tropical forest ecosystems, we conducted a global parameter sensitivity analysis at Barro Colorado Island, Panama. We identified the key parameters that affect the simulated plant hydrodynamics to guide both modeling and field campaign studies.
David Sandoval, Iain Colin Prentice, and Rodolfo L. B. Nóbrega
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1626, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1626, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Numerous estimations of water and energy balances heavily depend on empirical equations that necessitate site-specific calibration. This equifinality poses the risk of obtaining 'right answers for wrong reasons.' In this paper, we introduce novel formulations based on first-principles to calculate calibration-free quantities, such as net radiation, evapotranspiration, condensation, soil water content, surface runoff, subsurface lateral flow, and snow-water equivalent.
Fabian Stenzel, Johanna Braun, Jannes Breier, Karlheinz Erb, Dieter Gerten, Jens Heinke, Sarah Matej, Sebastian Ostberg, Sibyll Schaphoff, and Wolfgang Lucht
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2503, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2503, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We provide an R package to compute two biosphere integrity metrics that can be applied to simulations of vegetation growth from the dynamic global vegetation model LPJmL. The pressure metric BioCol indicates that we humans modify and extract >25 % of the potential pre-industrial natural biomass production. The ecosystems state metric EcoRisk shows a high risk of ecosystem destabilization in many regions as a result of land, water, and fertilizer use, as well as climate change.
Jianghui Du
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 5865–5894, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-5865-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-5865-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Trace elements and isotopes (TEIs) are important tools to study the changes in the ocean environment both today and in the past. However, the behaviors of TEIs in marine sediments are poorly known, limiting our ability to use them in oceanography. Here we present a modeling framework that can be used to generate and run models of the sedimentary cycling of TEIs assisted with advanced numerical tools in the Julia language, lowering the coding barrier for the general user to study marine TEIs.
Siyu Zhu, Peipei Wu, Siyi Zhang, Oliver Jahn, Shu Li, and Yanxu Zhang
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 5915–5929, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-5915-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-5915-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we estimate the global biogeochemical cycling of Hg in a state-of-the-art physical-ecosystem ocean model (high-resolution-MITgcm/Hg), providing a more accurate portrayal of surface Hg concentrations in estuarine and coastal areas, strong western boundary flow and upwelling areas, and concentration diffusion as vortex shapes. The high-resolution model can help us better predict the transport and fate of Hg in the ocean and its impact on the global Hg cycle.
Maria Val Martin, Elena Blanc-Betes, Ka Ming Fung, Euripides P. Kantzas, Ilsa B. Kantola, Isabella Chiaravalloti, Lyla L. Taylor, Louisa K. Emmons, William R. Wieder, Noah J. Planavsky, Michael D. Masters, Evan H. DeLucia, Amos P. K. Tai, and David J. Beerling
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 5783–5801, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-5783-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-5783-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Enhanced rock weathering (ERW) is a CO2 removal strategy that involves applying crushed rocks (e.g., basalt) to agricultural soils. However, unintended processes within the N cycle due to soil pH changes may affect the climate benefits of C sequestration. ERW could drive changes in soil emissions of non-CO2 GHGs (N2O) and trace gases (NO and NH3) that may affect air quality. We present a new improved N cycling scheme for the land model (CLM5) to evaluate ERW effects on soil gas N emissions.
Elin Ristorp Aas, Heleen A. de Wit, and Terje Koren Berntsen
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2069, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2069, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
By including microbial processes in soil models, we learn about how the soil system interacts with its environment, and responds to climate change. We present a soil process model, MIMICS+, able to reproduce carbon stocks found in boreal forest soils better than a conventional land model. With the model we also found that when adding nitrogen, the relationship between soil microbes changed notably. Coupling the model to a vegetation model, will allow further investigation of these mechanisms.
Yannek Käber, Florian Hartig, and Harald Bugmann
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2114, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2114, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Many forest models include detailed mechanisms of forest growth and mortality but regeneration is often simplified. Testing and improving forest regeneration models is challenging. We address this issue by exploring how forest inventories from unmanaged European forests can be used to improve such models. We find that competition for light among trees is captured by the model, unknown model components can be informed with forest inventory data, and climatic effects are challenging to capture.
Salvatore R. Curasi, Joe R. Melton, Elyn R. Humphreys, Txomin Hermosilla, and Michael A. Wulder
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2003, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2003, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Canadian forests are responding to fire, harvest, and climate change. Models need to quantify these processes and their carbon and energy cycling impacts. We develop a scheme that based on satellite records represents fire, harvest, and the sparsely vegetated areas that these processes generate. We evaluate model performance and demonstrate the impacts of disturbance on carbon and energy cycling. This work has implications for land surface modeling and assessing Canada’s terrestrial C cycle.
Özgür Gürses, Laurent Oziel, Onur Karakuş, Dmitry Sidorenko, Christoph Völker, Ying Ye, Moritz Zeising, Martin Butzin, and Judith Hauck
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 4883–4936, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-4883-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-4883-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This paper assesses the biogeochemical model REcoM3 coupled to the ocean–sea ice model FESOM2.1. The model can be used to simulate the carbon uptake or release of the ocean on timescales of several hundred years. A detailed analysis of the nutrients, ocean productivity, and ecosystem is followed by the carbon cycle. The main conclusion is that the model performs well when simulating the observed mean biogeochemical state and variability and is comparable to other ocean–biogeochemical models.
Yoshiki Kanzaki, Isabella Chiaravalloti, Shuang Zhang, Noah J. Planavsky, and Christopher T. Reinhard
Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2023-137, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2023-137, 2023
Revised manuscript accepted for GMD
Short summary
Short summary
Soil pH is one of the most commonly measured agronomical and biogeochemical indices, mostly reflecting exchangeable acidity. Explicit simulation of both porewater pH and bulk soil pH is thus crucial to accurate evaluation of alkalinity required to counteract soil acidification and resulting capture of anthropogenic carbon dioxide through the Enhanced Rock Weathering technique. This has been enabled by the updated reactive-transport SCEPTER code and newly developed framework to simulate soil pH.
Hocheol Seo and Yeonjoo Kim
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 4699–4713, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-4699-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-4699-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Wildfire is a crucial factor in carbon and water fluxes on the Earth system. About 2.1 Pg of carbon is released into the atmosphere by wildfires annually. Because the fire processes are still limitedly represented in land surface models, we forced the daily GFED4 burned area into the land surface model over Alaska and Siberia. The results with the GFED4 burned area significantly improved the simulated carbon emissions and net ecosystem exchange compared to the default simulation.
Thomas Wutzler, Christian Reimers, Bernhard Ahrens, and Marion Schrumpf
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1492, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1492, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Soil microbes provide a strong link for elemental fluxes in the earth system. The SESAM model applies an optimality assumption to model those linkages and their adaptation. We found that a previous heuristic description was a special case of a newly developed more rigorous description. The finding of new behavior at low microbial biomass led us formulate the constrained enzyme hypothesis. We now can better describe how microbial mediated linkages of elemental fluxes adapt across decades.
Hideki Ninomiya, Tomomichi Kato, Lea Végh, and Lan Wu
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 4155–4170, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-4155-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-4155-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Non-structural carbohydrates (NSCs) play a crucial role in plants to counteract the effects of climate change. We added a new NSC module into the SEIB-DGVM, an individual-based ecosystem model. The simulated NSC levels and their seasonal patterns show a strong agreement with observed NSC data at both point and global scales. The model can be used to simulate the biotic effects resulting from insufficient NSCs, which are otherwise difficult to measure in terrestrial ecosystems globally.
Amos P. K. Tai, David H. Y. Yung, and Timothy Lam
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1287, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1287, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We have developed the Terrestrial Ecosystem Model in R (TEMIR), which simulates plant carbon and pollutant uptake and predict their response to varying atmospheric conditions. This model is designed to couple with an atmospheric chemistry model so that important questions related to plant-atmosphere interactions can be addressed, such as the effects of rising CO2 and ozone pollution on carbon uptake of the biosphere. The model has been well validated with both ground and satellite observations.
Miquel De Cáceres, Roberto Molowny-Horas, Antoine Cabon, Jordi Martínez-Vilalta, Maurizio Mencuccini, Raúl García-Valdés, Daniel Nadal-Sala, Santiago Sabaté, Nicolas Martin-StPaul, Xavier Morin, Francesco D'Adamo, Enric Batllori, and Aitor Améztegui
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 3165–3201, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-3165-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-3165-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Regional-level applications of dynamic vegetation models are challenging because they need to accommodate the variation in plant functional diversity. This can be done by estimating parameters from available plant trait databases while adopting alternative solutions for missing data. Here we present the design, parameterization and evaluation of MEDFATE (version 2.9.3), a novel model of forest dynamics for its application over a region in the western Mediterranean Basin.
Jens Heinke, Susanne Rolinski, and Christoph Müller
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 2455–2475, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-2455-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-2455-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We develop a livestock module for the global vegetation model LPJmL5.0 to simulate the impact of grazing dairy cattle on carbon and nitrogen cycles in grasslands. A novelty of the approach is that it accounts for the effect of feed quality on feed uptake and feed utilization by animals. The portioning of dietary nitrogen into milk, feces, and urine shows very good agreement with estimates obtained from animal trials.
Yimian Ma, Xu Yue, Stephen Sitch, Nadine Unger, Johan Uddling, Lina M. Mercado, Cheng Gong, Zhaozhong Feng, Huiyi Yang, Hao Zhou, Chenguang Tian, Yang Cao, Yadong Lei, Alexander W. Cheesman, Yansen Xu, and Maria Carolina Duran Rojas
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 2261–2276, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-2261-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-2261-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Plants have been found to respond differently to O3, but the variations in the sensitivities have rarely been explained nor fully implemented in large-scale assessment. This study proposes a new O3 damage scheme with leaf mass per area to unify varied sensitivities for all plant species. Our assessment reveals an O3-induced reduction of 4.8 % in global GPP, with the highest reduction of >10 % for cropland, suggesting an emerging risk of crop yield loss under the threat of O3 pollution.
Winslow D. Hansen, Adrianna Foster, Benjamin Gaglioti, Rupert Seidl, and Werner Rammer
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 2011–2036, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-2011-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-2011-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Permafrost and the thick soil-surface organic layers that insulate permafrost are important controls of boreal forest dynamics and carbon cycling. However, both are rarely included in process-based vegetation models used to simulate future ecosystem trajectories. To address this challenge, we developed a computationally efficient permafrost and soil organic layer module that operates at fine spatial (1 ha) and temporal (daily) resolutions.
Heewon Jung, Hyun-Seob Song, and Christof Meile
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 1683–1696, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-1683-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-1683-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Microbial activity responsible for many chemical transformations depends on environmental conditions. These can vary locally, e.g., between poorly connected pores in porous media. We present a modeling framework that resolves such small spatial scales explicitly, accounts for feedback between transport and biogeochemical conditions, and can integrate state-of-the-art representations of microbes in a computationally efficient way, making it broadly applicable in science and engineering use cases.
Arthur Guignabert, Quentin Ponette, Frédéric André, Christian Messier, Philippe Nolet, and Mathieu Jonard
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 1661–1682, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-1661-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-1661-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Spatially explicit and process-based models are useful to test innovative forestry practices under changing and uncertain conditions. However, their larger use is often limited by the restricted range of species and stand structures they can reliably account for. We therefore calibrated and evaluated such a model, HETEROFOR, for 23 species across southern Québec. Our results showed that the model is robust and can predict accurately both individual tree growth and stand dynamics in this region.
Maureen Beaudor, Nicolas Vuichard, Juliette Lathière, Nikolaos Evangeliou, Martin Van Damme, Lieven Clarisse, and Didier Hauglustaine
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 1053–1081, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-1053-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-1053-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Ammonia mainly comes from the agricultural sector, and its volatilization relies on environmental variables. Our approach aims at benefiting from an Earth system model framework to estimate it. By doing so, we represent a consistent spatial distribution of the emissions' response to environmental changes.
We greatly improved the seasonal cycle of emissions compared with previous work. In addition, our model includes natural soil emissions (that are rarely represented in modeling approaches).
Rui Ying, Fanny M. Monteiro, Jamie D. Wilson, and Daniela N. Schmidt
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 813–832, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-813-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-813-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Planktic foraminifera are marine-calcifying zooplankton; their shells are widely used to measure past temperature and productivity. We developed ForamEcoGEnIE 2.0 to simulate the four subgroups of this organism. We found that the relative abundance distribution agrees with marine sediment core-top data and that carbon export and biomass are close to sediment trap and plankton net observations respectively. This model provides the opportunity to study foraminiferal ecology in any geological era.
Onur Kerimoglu, Markus Pahlow, Prima Anugerahanti, and Sherwood Lan Smith
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 95–108, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-95-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-95-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In classical models that track the changes in the elemental composition of phytoplankton, additional state variables are required for each element resolved. In this study, we show how the behavior of such an explicit model can be approximated using an
instantaneous acclimationapproach, in which the elemental composition of the phytoplankton is assumed to adjust to an optimal value instantaneously. Through rigorous tests, we evaluate the consistency of this scheme.
Yuan Zhang, Devaraju Narayanappa, Philippe Ciais, Wei Li, Daniel Goll, Nicolas Vuichard, Martin G. De Kauwe, Laurent Li, and Fabienne Maignan
Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 9111–9125, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-9111-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-9111-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
There are a few studies to examine if current models correctly represented the complex processes of transpiration. Here, we use a coefficient Ω, which indicates if transpiration is mainly controlled by vegetation processes or by turbulence, to evaluate the ORCHIDEE model. We found a good performance of ORCHIDEE, but due to compensation of biases in different processes, we also identified how different factors control Ω and where the model is wrong. Our method is generic to evaluate other models.
Thomas Neumann, Hagen Radtke, Bronwyn Cahill, Martin Schmidt, and Gregor Rehder
Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 8473–8540, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-8473-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-8473-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Marine ecosystem models are usually constrained by the elements nitrogen and phosphorus and consider carbon in organic matter in a fixed ratio. Recent observations show a substantial deviation from the simulated carbon cycle variables. In this study, we present a marine ecosystem model for the Baltic Sea which allows for a flexible uptake ratio for carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus. With this extension, the model reflects much more reasonable variables of the marine carbon cycle.
Arsène Druel, Simon Munier, Anthony Mucia, Clément Albergel, and Jean-Christophe Calvet
Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 8453–8471, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-8453-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-8453-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Crop phenology and irrigation is implemented into a land surface model able to work at a global scale. A case study is presented over Nebraska (USA). Simulations with and without the new scheme are compared to different satellite-based observations. The model is able to produce a realistic yearly irrigation water amount. The irrigation scheme improves the simulated leaf area index, gross primary productivity, evapotransipiration, and land surface temperature.
Thomas Wutzler, Lin Yu, Marion Schrumpf, and Sönke Zaehle
Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 8377–8393, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-8377-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-8377-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Soil microbes process soil organic matter and affect carbon storage and plant nutrition at the ecosystem scale. We hypothesized that decadal dynamics is constrained by the ratios of elements in litter inputs, microbes, and matter and that microbial community optimizes growth. This allowed the SESAM model to descibe decadal-term carbon sequestration in soils and other biogeochemical processes explicitly accounting for microbial processes but without its problematic fine-scale parameterization.
Ensheng Weng, Igor Aleinov, Ram Singh, Michael J. Puma, Sonali S. McDermid, Nancy Y. Kiang, Maxwell Kelley, Kevin Wilcox, Ray Dybzinski, Caroline E. Farrior, Stephen W. Pacala, and Benjamin I. Cook
Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 8153–8180, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-8153-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-8153-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We develop a demographic vegetation model to improve the representation of terrestrial vegetation dynamics and ecosystem biogeochemical cycles in the Goddard Institute for Space Studies ModelE. The individual-based competition for light and soil resources makes the modeling of eco-evolutionary optimality possible. This model will enable ModelE to simulate long-term biogeophysical and biogeochemical feedbacks between the climate system and land ecosystems at decadal to centurial temporal scales.
Yitong Yao, Emilie Joetzjer, Philippe Ciais, Nicolas Viovy, Fabio Cresto Aleina, Jerome Chave, Lawren Sack, Megan Bartlett, Patrick Meir, Rosie Fisher, and Sebastiaan Luyssaert
Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 7809–7833, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-7809-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-7809-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
To facilitate more mechanistic modeling of drought effects on forest dynamics, our study implements a hydraulic module to simulate the vertical water flow, change in water storage and percentage loss of stem conductance (PLC). With the relationship between PLC and tree mortality, our model can successfully reproduce the large biomass drop observed under throughfall exclusion. Our hydraulic module provides promising avenues benefiting the prediction for mortality under future drought events.
Arthur Nicolaus Fendrich, Philippe Ciais, Emanuele Lugato, Marco Carozzi, Bertrand Guenet, Pasquale Borrelli, Victoria Naipal, Matthew McGrath, Philippe Martin, and Panos Panagos
Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 7835–7857, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-7835-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-7835-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Currently, spatially explicit models for soil carbon stock can simulate the impacts of several changes. However, they do not incorporate the erosion, lateral transport, and deposition (ETD) of soil material. The present work developed ETD formulation, illustrated model calibration and validation for Europe, and presented the results for a depositional site. We expect that our work advances ETD models' description and facilitates their reproduction and incorporation in land surface models.
Kazumi Ozaki, Devon B. Cole, Christopher T. Reinhard, and Eiichi Tajika
Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 7593–7639, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-7593-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-7593-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
A new biogeochemical model (CANOPS-GRB v1.0) for assessing the redox stability and dynamics of the ocean–atmosphere system on geologic timescales has been developed. In this paper, we present a full description of the model and its performance. CANOPS-GRB is a useful tool for understanding the factors regulating atmospheric O2 level and has the potential to greatly refine our current understanding of Earth's oxygenation history.
Félicien Meunier, Wim Verbruggen, Hans Verbeeck, and Marc Peaucelle
Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 7573–7591, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-7573-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-7573-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Drought stress occurs in plants when water supply (i.e. root water uptake) is lower than the water demand (i.e. atmospheric demand). It is strongly related to soil properties and expected to increase in intensity and frequency in the tropics due to climate change. In this study, we show that contrary to the expectations, state-of-the-art terrestrial biosphere models are mostly insensitive to soil texture and hence probably inadequate to reproduce in silico the plant water status in drying soils.
Stanley I. Nmor, Eric Viollier, Lucie Pastor, Bruno Lansard, Christophe Rabouille, and Karline Soetaert
Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 7325–7351, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-7325-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-7325-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The coastal marine environment serves as a transition zone in the land–ocean continuum and is susceptible to episodic phenomena such as flash floods, which cause massive organic matter deposition. Here, we present a model of sediment early diagenesis that explicitly describes this type of deposition while also incorporating unique flood deposit characteristics. This model can be used to investigate the temporal evolution of marine sediments following abrupt changes in environmental conditions.
Shanlin Tong, Weiguang Wang, Jie Chen, Chong-Yu Xu, Hisashi Sato, and Guoqing Wang
Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 7075–7098, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-7075-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-7075-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Plant carbon storage potential is central to moderate atmospheric CO2 concentration buildup and mitigation of climate change. There is an ongoing debate about the main driver of carbon storage. To reconcile this discrepancy, we use SEIB-DGVM to investigate the trend and response mechanism of carbon stock fractions among water limitation regions. Results show that the impact of CO2 and temperature on carbon stock depends on water limitation, offering a new perspective on carbon–water coupling.
Cited articles
Aachib, M., Mbonimpa, M., and Aubertin, M.: Measurement and prediction of the
oxygen diffusion coefficient in unsaturated media, with applications to soil
covers, Water Air Soil Pollut., 156, 163–193,
https://doi.org/10.1023/B:WATE.0000036803.84061.e5, 2004.
Archer, D. E., Morford, J. L., and Emerson, S. R.: A model of suboxic
sedimentary diagenesis suitable for automatic tuning and gridded global
domains, Global Biogeochem. Cy., 16, 1017,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2000GB001288, 2002.
Astete, C. E., Thibodeaux, L. J., and Constant, W. D.: Semi-volatile organic
compounds as chemical tracers for estimating soil particle biodiffusion
coefficients: application of polychlorinated biphenyls in earthworm
bioturbation at a grassland site, Soil Sci., 181, 457–464,
https://doi.org/10.1097/SS.0000000000000178, 2016.
Beaulieu, E., Goddéris, Y., Donnadieu, Y., Labat, D., and Roelandt, C.: High sensitivity of the continental-weathering carbon dioxide sink to future climate change, Nat. Clim. Change, 2, 346–349, https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate1419, 2012.
Beerling, D. J., Kantzas, E. P., Lomas, M. R., Wade, P., Eufrasio, R. M.,
Renforth, P., Sarkar, B., Andrews, M. G., James, R. H., Pearce, C. R.,
Mercure, J.-F., Pollitt, H., Holden, P. B., Edwards, N. R., Khanna, M., Koh,
L., Quegan, S., Pidgeon, N. F., Janssens, I. A., Hansen, J., and Banwart, S.
A.: Potential for large-scale CO2 removal via enhanced rock weathering
with croplands, Nature, 583, 242–248,
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2448-9, 2020.
Berner, R. A.: Weathering, plants, and the long-term carbon cycle,
Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 56, 3225–3231,
https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(92)90300-8, 1992.
Bibi, I., Singh, B., and Silvester, E.: Dissolution of illite in
saline–acidic solutions at 25 ∘ C, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 75,
3237–3249, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2011.03.022, 2011.
Bolton, E. W., Berner, R. A., and Petsch, S. T.: The weathering of
sedimentary organic matter as a control on atmospheric O2: II.
Theoretical modeling, Am. J. Sci., 306, 575–615,
https://doi.org/10.2475/08.2006.01, 2006.
Boudreau, B. P.: Diagenetic Models and Their Implication, Springer, ISBN 978-3-642-64399-6, 1997.
Boudreau, B. P., Choi, J., Meysman, F., and François-Carcaillet, F.:
Diffusion in a lattice-automaton model of bioturbation by small deposit
feeders, J. Mar. Res., 59, 749–768,
https://doi.org/10.1357/002224001762674926, 2001.
Brantley, S. L. and Lebedeva, M.: Learning to read the chemistry of regolith
to understand the Critical Zone, Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci., 39, 387–416,
https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-earth-040809-152321, 2011.
Brantley, S. L. and Mellott, N. P.: Surface area and porosity of primary
silicate minerals, Am. Mineral., 85, 1767–1783,
https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2000-11-1220, 2000.
Brantley, S. L., Kubicki, J. D., and White, A. F.: Kinetics of Water-Rock
Interaction, Springer, ISBN 978-0-387-73562-7, 2008.
Brovkin, V., Boysen, L., Arora, V. K., Boisier, J. P., Cadule, P., Chini,
L., Claussen, M., Friedlingstein, P., Gayler, V., van den Hurk, B. J. J. M.,
Hurtt, G. C., Jones, C. D., Kato, E., de Noblet-Ducoudré, N., Pacifico,
F., Pongratz, J., and Weiss, M.: Effect of anthropogenic land-use and
land-cover changes on climate and land carbon storage in CMIP5 projections
for the twenty-first century, J. Climate, 26, 6859–6881,
https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00623.1, 2013.
Chen, S., Huang, Y., Zou, J., Shen, Q., Hu, Z., Qin, Y., Chen, H., and Pan,
G.: Modeling interannual variability of global soil respiration from climate
and soil properties, Agr. Forest Meteorol., 150, 590–605,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2010.02.004, 2010.
Chen, Z., Guo, M., and Wang, W.: Variations in soil erosion resistance of
gully head along a 25-year revegetation age on the Loess Plateau, Water, 12,
3301, https://doi.org/10.3390/w12123301, 2020.
Choi, J., Francois-Carcaillet, F., and Boudreau, B. P.: Lattice-automaton
bioturbation simulator (LABS): implementation for small deposit feeders,
Comput. Geosci., 28, 213–222, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0098-3004(01)00064-4,
2002.
Clennell, M. B.: Tortuosity: a guide through the maze, in: Developments in
Petrophysics, edited by: Lovell, M. A. and Harvey, P. K., Geological Society
Special Publication No. 122, 299–344, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1997.122.01.18, 1997.
Delany, J. M. and Lundeen, S. R.: The LLNL thermochemical database, Lawrence
Livermore National Laboratory Report UCRL-21658, Lawrence Livermore National
Laboratory, 1990.
Eberl, D. D., Drits, V. A., and Środoń, J.: Deducing growth
mechanisms for minerals from the shapes of crystal size distributions, Am.
J. Sci., 298, 499–533, https://doi.org/10.2475/ajs.298.6.499, 1998.
Elberling, B. and Nicholson, R. V.: Field determination of sulphide
oxidation rates in mine tailings, Water Resour. Res., 32, 1773–1784,
https://doi.org/10.1029/96WR00487, 1996.
Emmanuel, S. and Ague, J. J.: Impact of nano-size weathering products on the
dissolution rates of primary minerals, Chem. Geol., 282, 11–18,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2011.01.002, 2011.
Emmanuel, S. and Berkowitz, B.: Mixing-induced precipitation and porosity
evolution in porous media, Adv. Water Resour., 28, 337–344,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2004.11.010, 2005.
Fanchi, J. R.: Principles of Applied Reservoir Simulation, 4th Edn.,
Elsevier, ISBN 978-0-12-815563-9, 2018.
Fekete, B. M., Vörösmarty, C. J., and Grabs, W.: High-resolution
fields of global runoff combining observed river discharge and simulated
water balances, Global Biogeochem. Cy., 16, 15-1–15-10,
https://doi.org/10.1029/1999GB001254, 2002.
Fick, S. E. and Hijmans, R. J.: WorldClim 2: new 1-km spatial resolution
climate surfaces for global land areas, Int. J. Climatol., 37, 4302–4315,
https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.5086, 2017.
Fuss, S., Ganadell, J. G., Peters, G. P., Tavoni, M., Andrew, R. M., Ciais,
P., Jackson, R. B., Jones, C. D., Kraxner, F., Nakicenovic, N., Le
Quéré, C., Raupach, M. R., Sharifi, A., Smith, P., and Yamagata, Y.:
Betting on negative emissions, Nat. Clim. Change, 4, 850–853,
https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2392, 2014.
Gasser, T., Cuivarch, C., Tachiiri, K., Jones, C. D., and Ciais, P.:
Negative emissions physically needed to keep global warming below 2
∘ C, Nat. Commun., 6, 7958, https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms8958,
2015.
Gíslason, S. R. and Arnósson, S.: Dissolution of primary basaltic
minerals in natural waters: saturation state and kinetics, Chem. Geol., 105,
117–135, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(93)90122-Y, 1993.
Goldberg, E. D. and Koide, M.: Geochronological studies of deep sea
sediments by the ionium/thorium method, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 26,
417–450, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(62)90112-6, 1962.
Goll, D. S., Ciais, P., Amann, T., Buermann, W., Chang, J., Eker, S.,
Hartmann, J., Janssens, I., Li, W., Obersteiner, M., Penuelas, J., Tanaka,
K., and Vicca, S: Potential CO2 removal from enhanced weathering by
ecosystem responses to powdered rock, Nat. Geosci, 14, 545–549,
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-021-00798-x, 2021.
Goddéris, Y., François, L. M., Probst, A., Schott, J., Moncoulon, D., Labat, D., and Viville, D.: Modelling weathering processes at the catchment scale: The WITCH numerical model, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 70, 1128–1147, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2005.11.018, 2006.
Goddéris, Y., Brantley, S. L., François, L. M., Schott, J., Pollard, D., Déqué, M., and Dury, M.: Rates of consumption of atmospheric CO2 through the weathering of loess during the next 100 yr of climate change, Biogeosciences, 10, 135–148, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-135-2013, 2013.
GRASS Development Team: Geographic Resources Analysis Support System (GRASS
GIS) Software, Version 7.2, Open Source Geospatial Foundation,
http://grass.osgeo.org (last access: 20 April 2022), 2017.
Hartmann, J., West, A. J., Renforth, P., Köhler, P., De La Rocha, C. L.,
Wolf-Gladrow, D. A., Dürr, H. H., and Scheffran, J.: Enhanced chemical
weathering as a geoengineering strategy to reduce atmospheric carbon
dioxide, supply nutrients, and mitigate ocean acidification, Rev. Geophys.,
51, 113–149, https://doi.org/10.1002/rog.20004, 2013.
Hengl, T., Mendes de Jesus, J., Heuvelink, G. B. M., Gonzalez, M. R.,
Kilibarda, M., Blagotić, A., Shangguan, W., Wright, M. N., Geng, X.,
Bauer-Marschallinger, B., Guevara, M. A., Vargas, R., MacMillan, R. A.,
Batjes, N. H., Leenaars, J. G. B., Ribeiro, E., Wheeler, I., Mantel, S., and
Kempen, B.: SoilGrids250m: Global gridded soil information based on machine
learning, PloS One 12, e0169748,
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0169748, 2017.
Hochella Jr., M. F.: Nanoscience and technology: the next revolution in the
Earth sciences, Earth Planet. Sc. Lett., 203, 593–605,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0012-821X(02)00818-X, 2003.
Holden, P. B., Edwards, N. R., Fraedrich, K., Kirk, E., Lunkeit, F., and Zhu, X.: PLASIM–GENIE v1.0: a new intermediate complexity AOGCM, Geosci. Model Dev., 9, 3347–3361, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-3347-2016, 2016.
Ibarra, D. E., Caves Rugenstein, J. K., Bachan, A., Baresch, A., Lau, K. V.,
Thomas, D. L., Lee, J.-E., Boyce, C. K., and Chamberlain, C. P.: Modeling
the consequences of land plant evolution on silicate weathering, Am. J.
Sci., 319, 1–43, https://doi.org/10.2475/01.2019.01, 2019.
Iggland, M. and Mazzotti, M.: Population balance modeling with
size-dependent solubility: Ostwald ripening, Cryst. Growth Des., 12,
1489–1500, https://doi.org/10.1021/cg201571n, 2012.
IPCC: 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, IPCC,
ISBN 4-88788-032-4, 2006.
IPCC: Global Warming of 1.5∘ C, IPCC, https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009157940, 2018.
Jarvis, N. J., Taylor, A., Larsbo, M., Etana, A., and Rosén, K.:
Modelling the effects of bioturbation on the re-distribution of 137Cs
in an undisturbed grassland soil, Eur. J. Soil Sci., 61, 24–34,
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2389.2009.01209.x, 2010.
Jia, M., Jacques, D., Gérard, F., Su, D., Mayer, K. U., and
Šimůnek, J.: A benchmark for soil organic matter degradation under
variably saturated flow conditions, Comput. Geosci., 25, 1359–1377,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10596-019-09862-3, 2021.
Kanzaki, Y.: lithos-erw/SCEPTER: submission to GMDD (v0.9), Zenodo [code], https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5835413, 2022.
Kanzaki, Y. and Kump, L. R.: Biotic effects on oxygen consumption during
weathering: Implications for the second rise of oxygen, Geology, 45,
611–614, https://doi.org/10.1130/G38869.1, 2017.
Kanzaki, Y. and Murakami, T.: Estimates of atmospheric CO2 in the
Neoarchean–Paleoproterozoic from paleosols, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 159,
190–219, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2015.03.011, 2015.
Kanzaki, Y. and Murakami, T.: Estimates of atmospheric O2 in the
Paleoproterozoic from paleosols, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 174, 263–290,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2015.11.022, 2016.
Kanzaki, Y. and Murakami, T.: Effects of atmospheric composition on apparent
activation energy of silicate weathering: I. Model formulation, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 223, 159–186, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2017.10.008,
2018.
Kanzaki, Y., Boudreau, B. P., Kirtland Turner, S., and Ridgwell, A.: A lattice-automaton bioturbation simulator with coupled physics, chemistry, and biology in marine sediments (eLABS v0.2), Geosci. Model Dev., 12, 4469–4496, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-4469-2019, 2019.
Kanzaki, Y., Brantley, S. L., and Kump, L. R.: A numerical examination of
the effect of sulfide dissolution on silicate weathering, Earth Planet. Sc. Lett., 539, 116239, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2020.116239, 2020.
Kanzaki, Y., Hülse, D., Kirtland Turner, S., and Ridgwell, A.: A model for marine sedimentary carbonate diagenesis and paleoclimate proxy signal tracking: IMP v1.0, Geosci. Model Dev., 14, 5999–6023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-5999-2021, 2021.
Köhler, P., Hartmann, J., and Wolf-Gladrow, D. A.: Geoengineering potential
of artificially enhanced silicate weathering of olivine, P. Natl. Acad.
Sci. USA, 107, 20228–20233, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1000545107,
2010.
Köhler, P., Abrams, J. F., Völker, C., Hauck, J., and Wolf-Gladrow, D. A.: Geoengineering impact of open ocean dissolution of olivine on atmospheric CO2, surface ocean pH and marine biology, Environ. Res. Lett., 21, 014009, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/8/1/014009, 2013.
Larsen, I. J., Montgomery, D. R., and Greenberg, H. M.: The contribution of
mountains to global denudation, Geology, 42, 527–530,
https://doi.org/10.1130/G35136.1, 2014.
Lawrence, C., Harden, J., and Maher, K.: Modeling the influence of organic acids on soil weathering, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 139, 487–507, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2014.05.003, 2014.
LeBlanc, S. E. and Fogler, H. S.: Population balance modeling of the
dissolution of polydisperse solids: rate limiting regimes, AIChE J., 33,
54–63, https://doi.org/10.1002/aic.690330108, 1987.
Li, D. D., Jacobson, A. D., and McInerney, D. J.: A reactive-transport model
for examining tectonic and climatic controls on chemical weathering and
atmospheric CO2 consumption in granitic regolith, Chem. Geol., 365,
300–42, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2013.11.028, 2014.
Li, Y.-H. and Gregory, S.: Diffusion of ions in sea water and in deep-sea
sediments, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 38, 703–714,
https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(74)90145-8, 1974.
Liddicoat, S. K., Wiltshire, A. J., Jones, C. D., Arora, V. K., Brovkin, V.,
Cadule, P., Hajima, T., Lawrence, D. M., Pongratz, J., Schwinger, J.,
Séférian, R., Tjiputra, J. F., and Ziehn, T.: Compatible fossil fuel
CO2 emissions in the CMIP6 Earth system models' historical and Shared
Socioeconomic Pathway experiments of the twenty-first century, J. Climate, 34,
2853–2875, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-19-0991.1, 2021.
Maggi, F., Gu, C., Riley, W. J., Hornberger, G. M., Venterea, R. T., Xu, T.,
Spycher, N., Steefel, C., Miller, N. L., and Oldenburg, C. M.: A mechanistic
treatment of the dominant soil nitrogen cycling processes: Model
development, testing, and application, J. Geophys. Res., 113, G02016,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JG000578, 2008.
Maher, K., Steefel, C. I., White, A. F., and Stonestrom, D. A.: The role of reaction affinity and secondary minerals in regulating chemical weathering rates at the Santa Cruz Soil Chronosequence, California, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 73, 2804–2831, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2009.01.030, 2009.
Massmann, W. J.: A review of the molecular diffusivities of H2O,
CO2, CH4, CO, O3, SO2, NH3, N2O, NO, and
NO2 in air, O2 and N2 near STP, Atmos. Environ., 32,
1111–1127, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(97)00391-9, 1998.
Mayer, L. M., Schick, L. L., Hardy, K. R., Wagai, R., and McCarthy, J.:
Organic matter in small mesopores in sediments and soils, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 68, 3863–3872, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2004.03.019,
2004.
McGuire, A. D., Lawrence, D. M., Koven, C., Clein, J. S., Burke, E., Chen,
G., Jafarov, E., MacDougall, A. H., Marchenko, S., Nicolsky, D., Peng, S.,
Rinke, A., Ciais, P., Gouttevin, I., Hayes, D. J., Ji, D., Krinner, G.,
Moore, J. C., Romanovsky, V., Schädel, C., Schaefer, K., Schuur, E. A.
G., and Zhuang, Q.: Dependence of the evolution of carbon dynamics in the
northern permafrost region on the trajectory of climate change, P. Natl.
Acad. Sci. USA, 115, 3882–3887,
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1719903115, 2018.
McKibben, M. A. and Barnes, H. L.: Oxidation of pyrite in low temperature
acidic solutions: Rate laws and surface textures, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac.,
50, 1509–1520, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(86)90325-X, 1986.
Minx, J. C., Lamb, W. F., Callaghan, M. W., Fuss, S., Hilaire, J., Creutzig,
F., Amann, T., Beringer, T., de Oliveria Garcia, W., Hartmann, J., Khanna,
T., Lenzi, D., Luderer, G., Nemet, G. F., Rogelj, J., Smith, P., Luis
Vincente Vincente, J., Wilcox, J., and del Mar Zamora Dominguez, M.:
Negative emissions–Part 1: Research landscape and synthesis, Environ. Res.
Lett., 13, 063001, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aabf9b, 2018.
Moore, J., Lichtner, P. C., White, A. F., and Brantley, S. L.: Using a reactive transport model to elucidate differences between laboratory and field dissolution rates in regolith, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 93, 235–261, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2012.03.021, 2012.
Munhoven, G.: Model of Early Diagenesis in the Upper Sediment with Adaptable complexity – MEDUSA (v. 2): a time-dependent biogeochemical sediment module for Earth system models, process analysis and teaching, Geosci. Model Dev., 14, 3603–3631, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-3603-2021, 2021.
Navarre-Sitchler, A. and Brantley, S.: Basalt weathering across scales,
Earth Planet. Sc. Lett., 261, 321–334,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2007.07.010, 2007.
Nicholson, R. V., Gillham, R. W., and Reardon, E. J.: Pyrite oxidation in
carbonate-buffered solution: 2. Rate control by oxide coatings, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 54, 395–402, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(90)90328-I,
1990.
Palandri, J. L. and Kharaka, Y. K.: A Compilation of Rate Parameters of
Water-Mineral Interaction Kinetics for Application to Geochemical Modeling,
Geological Survey, Menlo Park CA, 2004.
Parkhurst, D. L. and Appelo, C. A. J.: Description of input and examples for
PHREEQC version 3: a computer program for speciation, batch-reaction,
one-dimensional transport, and inverse geochemical calculations, US
Geological Survey, https://doi.org/10.3133/tm6A43, 2013.
Perez-Fodich, A. and Derry, L. A.: Organic acids and high soil CO2 drive intense chemical weathering of Hawaiian basalts: Insights from reactive transport models, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 349, 173–198, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2019.01.027, 2019.
Perez, M., Dumont, M., and Acevedo-Reyes, D.: Implementation of classical
nucleation and growth theories for precipitation, Acta Mater., 56,
2119–2132, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2007.12.050, 2008.
Pritchard, D. T. and Currie, J. A.: Diffusion of coefficients of carbon
dioxide, nitrous oxide, ethylene and ethane in air and their measurement, J.
Soil Sci., 33, 175–184, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2389.1982.tb01757.x,
1982.
Ragnarsdóttir, K. V.: Dissolution kinetics of heulandite at pH 2–12 and
25 ∘ C, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 57, 2439–2449,
https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(93)90408-O, 1993.
Rau, G. H., Knauss, K. G., Langer, W. H., and Caldeira, K.: Reducing
energy-related CO2 emissions using accelerated weathering of limestone,
Energy, 32, 1471–1477, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2006.10.011, 2007.
Rebreanu, L., Vanderborght, J. P., and Chou, L.: The diffusion coefficient
of dissolved silica revisited, Mar. Chem., 112, 230–233,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2008.08.004, 2008.
Renforth, P.: The potential of enhanced weathering in the UK, Int. J.
Greenh. Gas Control., 10, 229–243,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2012.06.011, 2012.
Renforth, P. and Henderson, G.: Assessing ocean alkalinity for carbon
sequestration, Rev. Geophys., 55, 636–674,
https://doi.org/10.1002/2016RG000533, 2017.
Renforth, P., Pogge von Strandmann, P. A. E, and Henderson, G. M.: The
dissolution of olivine added to soil: Implications for enhanced weathering,
Appl. Geochem., 61, 109–118,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2015.05.016, 2015.
Ridgwell, A., Hargreaves, J. C., Edwards, N. R., Annan, J. D., Lenton, T. M., Marsh, R., Yool, A., and Watson, A.: Marine geochemical data assimilation in an efficient Earth System Model of global biogeochemical cycling, Biogeosciences, 4, 87–104, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-4-87-2007, 2007.
Robie, R. A. Hemingway, B. S., and Fisher, J. R.: Thermodynamic properties
of minerals and related substances at 298.15 K and 1 bar (105 pascals)
pressure and at higher temperatures, US Geological Survey, 1978.
Rogelj, J., Shindell, D., Jiang, K., Fifita, S., Forster, P., Ginzburg, V.,
Handa, C., Kobayashi, S., Kriegler, E., Mundaca, L., Séférian, R.,
Vilariño, M. V., Calvin, K., Emmerling, J., Fuss, S., Gillett, N., He,
C., Hertwich, E., Höglund-Isaksson, L., Huppmann, D., Luderer, G.,
McCollum, D.L., Meinshausen, M., Millar, R., Popp, A., Purohit, P., Riahi,
K., Ribes, A., Saunders, H., Schädel, C., Smith, P., Trutnevyte, E.,
Xiu, Y., Zhou, W., Zickfeld, K., Flato, G., Fuglestvedt, J., Mrabet, R., and
Schaeffer, R.: Mitigation pathways compatible with 1.5∘ C in the
context of sustainable development, IPCC, https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009157940.004, 2018.
Roland, M., Serrano-Ortiz, P., Kowalski, A. S., Goddéris, Y., Sánchez-Cañete, E. P., Ciais, P., Domingo, F., Cuezva, S., Sanchez-Moral, S., Longdoz, B., Yakir, D., Van Grieken, R., Schott, J., Candell, C., and Janssens, I. A.: Atmospheric turbulence triggers pronounced diel pattern in karst carbonate geochemistry, Biogeosciences, 10, 5009–5017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-5009-2013, 2013.
Safari, V., Arzpeyma, G., Raschchi, F., and Mostoufi, N.: A shrinking
particle–shrinking core model for leaching of a zinc ore containing
silica, Int. J. Miner. Process., 93, 79–83,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.minpro.2009.06.003, 2009.
Schulz, H. D. and Zabel, M.: Marine Geochemistry, Springer, https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-32144-6, 2006.
Shull, D. H.: Transition-matrix model of bioturbation and radionuclide
diagenesis, Limnol. Oceanogr., 46, 905–916,
https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2001.46.4.0905, 2001.
Singer, P. C. and Stumm, W.: Acidic mine drainage: the rate-determining
step, Science, 167, 1121–1123,
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.167.3921.1121, 1970.
Sklar, L. S., Riebe, C. S., Marshall, J. A., Genetti, J., Leclere, S.,
Lukens, C. L., and Merces, V.: The problem of predicting the size
distribution of sediment supplied by hillslopes to rivers, Geomorphology,
277, 31–49, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2016.05.005, 2017.
Steefel, C. I.: CrunchFlow Software for Modeling Multicomponent Reactive
Flow and Transport USER'S MANUAL, 2009.
Steefel, C. I. and Lasaga, A. C.: A coupled model for transport of multiple
chemical species and kinetic precipitation/dissolution reactions with
application to reactive flow in single phase hydrothermal systems, Am. J.
Sci., 294, 529–592, https://doi.org/10.2475/ajs.294.5.529, 1994.
Steefel, S. I., Appelo, C. A. J., Arora, B., Jacques, D., Kalbacher, T.,
Kolditz, O., Lagneau, V., Lichtner, P. C., Mayer, K. U., Meeussen, J. C.L.,
Molins, S., Moulton, D., Shao, H., Šimůnek, J., Spycher, N.,
Yabusaki, S. B., and Yeh, G. T.: Reactive transport codes for subsurface
environmental simulation, Comput. Geosci., 19, 445–478,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10596-014-9443-x, 2015.
Stonestrom, D. A., White, A. F., and Akstin, K. C.: Determining rates of
chemical weathering in soils–solute transport versus profile
evolution, J. Hydrol., 209, 331–345,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1694(98)00158-9, 1998.
Strefler, J., Amann, T., Bauer, N., Kriegler, E., and Hartmann, J.:
Potential and costs of carbon dioxide removal by enhanced weathering of
rocks, Environ. Res. Lett., 13, 034010,
https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aaa9c4, 2018.
Sugimori, H., Kanzaki, Y., and Murakami, T.: Relationships between Fe
redistribution and during mineral dissolution
under low O2 conditions, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 84, 29–46,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2012.01.001, 2012.
Sverdrup, H. and Warfvinge, P.: Calculating field weathering rates using a mechanistic geochemical model PROFILE, Appl. Geochem., 8, 273–283, https://doi.org/10.1016/0883-2927(93)90042-F, 1993.
Sverdrup, H., Warfvinge, P., Blake, L, and Goulding, K.: Modelling recent and historic soil data from the Rothamsted Experimental Station, UK using SAFE, Agr. Ecosyst. Environ., 53, 161–177, https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-8809(94)00558-V, 1995.
Trauth, M. H.: TURBO: A dynamic-probabilistic simulation to study the
effects of bioturbation on paleoceanographic time series, Comput. Geosci.,
24, 433–441, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0098-3004(98)00019-3, 1998.
Taylor, L. L., Quirk, J., Thorley, R. M. S., Kharecha, P. A., Hansen, J.,
Ridgwell, A., Lomas, M. R., Banwart, S. A., and Beerling, D. J.: Enhanced
weathering strategies for stabilizing climate and averting ocean
acidification, Nat. Clim. Change, 6, 402–406,
https://doi.org/10.1038/NCLIMATE2882, 2016.
U.S. Geological Survey: National Geochemical Database: Soil, U.S. Geological
Survey, https://mrdata.usgs.gov/ngdb/soil/ (last access: 20 April 2022), 2016.
Volk, T.: Feedbacks between weathering and atmospheric CO2 over the
last 100 million years, Am. J. Sci., 287, 763–779,
https://doi.org/10.2475/ajs.287.8.763, 1987.
Wang, B., Zhang, G.-H., Shi, Y.-Y., and Zhang, X. C.: Soil detachment by
overland flow under different vegetation restoration models in the Loess
Plateau of China, Catena, 116, 51–59,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2013.12.010, 2014.
Weiss, R. F. and Price, B. A.: Nitrous oxide solubility in water and
seawater, Mar. Chem., 8, 347–357,
https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4203(80)90024-9, 1980.
Wen, H., Sullivan, P. L., Macpherson, G. L., Billings, S. A., and Li, L.: Deepening roots can enhance carbonate weathering by amplifying CO2-rich recharge, Biogeosciences, 18, 55–75, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-55-2021, 2021.
White, A. F. and Peterson, M. L.: Role of reactive-surface-area
characterization in geochemical kinetic models, in: Chemical Modeling of
Aqueous Systems II, ACS Symposium Series, 416, 461–475,
https://doi.org/10.1021/bk-1990-0416.ch035, 1990.
Williamson, M. A. and Rimstidt, J. D.: The kinetics and electrochemical
rate-determining step of aqueous pyrite oxidation, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac.,
58, 5443–5454, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(94)90241-0, 1994.
Wilkin, R. T. and Barnes, H. L.: Solubility and stability of zeolites in
aqueous solution; I, Analcime, Na-, and K-clinoptilolite, Am. Mineral., 83,
746–761, https://doi.org/10.2138/am-1998-7-807, 1998.
Wolery, T. J. and Jove-Colon, C. F.: Qualification of thermodynamic data for
geochemical modeling of mineral-water interactions in dilute systems, No.
ANL-WIS-GS-000003 REV 00, YMP (Yucca Mountain Project, Las Vegas, Nevada),
https://doi.org/10.2172/850412, 2004.
Zhi, W., Shi, Y., Wen, H., Saberi, L., Ng, G.-H. C., Sadayappan, K., Kerins, D., Stewart, B., and Li, L.: BioRT-Flux-PIHM v1.0: a biogeochemical reactive transport model at the watershed scale, Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 315–333, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-315-2022, 2022.
Short summary
Increasing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is an urgent issue in the coming century. Enhanced rock weathering in soils can be one of the most efficient C capture strategies. On the basis as a weathering simulator, the newly developed SCEPTER model implements bio-mixing by fauna/humans and enables organic matter and crushed rocks/minerals at the soil surface with an option to track their particle size distributions. Those features can be useful for evaluating the carbon capture efficiency.
Increasing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is an urgent issue in the coming century. Enhanced...