Articles | Volume 19, issue 10
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-4071-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-4071-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Development and technical paper
| 
19 May 2026
Development and technical paper |
| 19 May 2026
| 19 May 2026
PALM-meteo 2.8: Processor of PALM meteorological input data
Institute of Computer Science, Czech Academy of Sciences, Pod Vodárenskou věží 271/2, 182 00 Prague 8, Czech Republic
Michal Belda
Department of Atmospheric Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University Prague, V Holešovičkách 2, 180 00, Prague 8, Czech Republic
Martin Bureš
Institute of Computer Science, Czech Academy of Sciences, Pod Vodárenskou věží 271/2, 182 00 Prague 8, Czech Republic
Kryštof Eben
Institute of Computer Science, Czech Academy of Sciences, Pod Vodárenskou věží 271/2, 182 00 Prague 8, Czech Republic
Jan Geletič
Institute of Computer Science, Czech Academy of Sciences, Pod Vodárenskou věží 271/2, 182 00 Prague 8, Czech Republic
Department of Atmospheric Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University Prague, V Holešovičkách 2, 180 00, Prague 8, Czech Republic
Jelena Radović
Department of Atmospheric Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University Prague, V Holešovičkách 2, 180 00, Prague 8, Czech Republic
Hynek Řezníček
Institute of Computer Science, Czech Academy of Sciences, Pod Vodárenskou věží 271/2, 182 00 Prague 8, Czech Republic
Department of Physics, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 1402/2, 461 17 Liberec 1, Czech Republic
Jaroslav Resler
Institute of Computer Science, Czech Academy of Sciences, Pod Vodárenskou věží 271/2, 182 00 Prague 8, Czech Republic
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Radiative transfer processes are the main energy transport mechanism in urban areas which influence the surface energy budget and drive local convection. We show here the importance of each process to help modellers decide on how much detail they should include in their models to parameterize radiative transfer in urban areas. We showed how the flow field may change in response to these processes and the essential processes needed to assure acceptable quality of the numerical simulations.
Jaroslav Resler, Kryštof Eben, Jan Geletič, Pavel Krč, Martin Rosecký, Matthias Sühring, Michal Belda, Vladimír Fuka, Tomáš Halenka, Peter Huszár, Jan Karlický, Nina Benešová, Jana Ďoubalová, Kateřina Honzáková, Josef Keder, Šárka Nápravníková, and Ondřej Vlček
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We describe validation of the PALM model v6.0 against measurements collected during two observational campaigns in Dejvice, Prague. The study focuses on the evaluation of the newly developed or improved radiative and energy balance modules in PALM related to urban modelling. In addition to the energy-related quantities, it also evaluates air flow and air quality under street canyon conditions.
Michal Belda, Jaroslav Resler, Jan Geletič, Pavel Krč, Björn Maronga, Matthias Sühring, Mona Kurppa, Farah Kanani-Sühring, Vladimír Fuka, Kryštof Eben, Nina Benešová, and Mikko Auvinen
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Short summary
Short summary
The analysis summarizes how sensitive the modelling of urban environment is to changes in physical parameters describing the city (e.g. reflectivity of surfaces) and to several heat island mitigation scenarios in a city quarter in Prague, Czech Republic. We used the large-eddy simulation modelling system PALM 6.0. Surface parameters connected to radiation show the highest sensitivity in this configuration. For heat island mitigation, urban vegetation is shown to be the most effective measure.
Pavel Krč, Jaroslav Resler, Matthias Sühring, Sebastian Schubert, Mohamed H. Salim, and Vladimír Fuka
Geosci. Model Dev., 14, 3095–3120, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-3095-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-3095-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The adverse effects of an urban environment, e.g. heat stress and air pollution, pose a risk to health and well-being. Precise modelling of the urban climate is crucial to mitigate these effects. Conventional atmospheric models are inadequate for modelling the complex structures of the urban environment; in particular, they lack a 3-D model of radiation and its interaction with surfaces and the plant canopy. The new RTM simulates these processes within the PALM-4U urban climate model.
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Short summary
PALM is a highly versatile open-source microscale atmospheric modelling system. One of its most useful applications is modelling detailed street-level urban climate, e.g. for evaluation of climate change adaptation and mitigation measures in cities. However, to produce real-case microscale simulations, they need to be forced by real or realistic weather conditions. The presented tool enables PALM to use meteorological inputs from a large selection of meteorological models and other sources.
PALM is a highly versatile open-source microscale atmospheric modelling system. One of its most...
