Articles | Volume 15, issue 14
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-5905-2022
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-5905-2022
Model description paper
 | 
28 Jul 2022
Model description paper |  | 28 Jul 2022

The Earth system model CLIMBER-X v1.0 – Part 1: Climate model description and validation​​​​​​​​​​​​​​

Matteo Willeit, Andrey Ganopolski, Alexander Robinson, and Neil R. Edwards

Related authors

Surface buoyancy control of millennial-scale variations in the Atlantic meridional ocean circulation
Matteo Willeit, Andrey Ganopolski, Neil R. Edwards, and Stefan Rahmstorf
Clim. Past, 20, 2719–2739, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-2719-2024,https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-2719-2024, 2024
Short summary
Generalized stability landscape of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation
Matteo Willeit and Andrey Ganopolski
Earth Syst. Dynam., 15, 1417–1434, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-15-1417-2024,https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-15-1417-2024, 2024
Short summary
Assessing the lifetime of anthropogenic CO2 and its sensitivity to different carbon cycle processes
Christine Kaufhold, Matteo Willeit, Bo Liu, and Andrey Ganopolski
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2976,https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2976, 2024
Short summary
Global biome changes over the last 21,000 years inferred from model-data comparisons
Chenzhi Li, Anne Dallmeyer, Jian Ni, Manuel Chevalier, Matteo Willeit, Andrei A. Andreev, Xianyong Cao, Laura Schild, Birgit Heim, and Ulrike Herzschuh
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1862,https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1862, 2024
Short summary
New estimation of critical insolation–CO2 relationship for triggering glacial inception
Stefanie Talento, Matteo Willeit, and Andrey Ganopolski
Clim. Past, 20, 1349–1364, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-1349-2024,https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-1349-2024, 2024
Short summary

Related subject area

Climate and Earth system modeling
Development and evaluation of a new 4DEnVar-based weakly coupled ocean data assimilation system in E3SMv2
Pengfei Shi, L. Ruby Leung, and Bin Wang
Geosci. Model Dev., 18, 2443–2460, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-2443-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-2443-2025, 2025
Short summary
TemDeep: a self-supervised framework for temporal downscaling of atmospheric fields at arbitrary time resolutions
Liwen Wang, Qian Li, Qi Lv, Xuan Peng, and Wei You
Geosci. Model Dev., 18, 2427–2442, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-2427-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-2427-2025, 2025
Short summary
The ensemble consistency test: from CESM to MPAS and beyond
Teo Price-Broncucia, Allison Baker, Dorit Hammerling, Michael Duda, and Rebecca Morrison
Geosci. Model Dev., 18, 2349–2372, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-2349-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-2349-2025, 2025
Short summary
Presentation, calibration and testing of the DCESS II Earth system model of intermediate complexity (version 1.0)
Esteban Fernández Villanueva and Gary Shaffer
Geosci. Model Dev., 18, 2161–2192, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-2161-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-2161-2025, 2025
Short summary
Synthesizing global carbon–nitrogen coupling effects – the MAGICC coupled carbon–nitrogen cycle model v1.0
Gang Tang, Zebedee Nicholls, Alexander Norton, Sönke Zaehle, and Malte Meinshausen
Geosci. Model Dev., 18, 2193–2230, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-2193-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-2193-2025, 2025
Short summary

Cited articles

Adcroft, A., Anderson, W., Balaji, V., Blanton, C., Bushuk, M., Dufour, C. O., Dunne, J. P., Griffies, S. M., Hallberg, R., Harrison, M. J., Held, I. M., Jansen, M. F., John, J. G., Krasting, J. P., Langenhorst, A. R., Legg, S., Liang, Z., McHugh, C., Radhakrishnan, A., Reichl, B. G., Rosati, T., Samuels, B. L., Shao, A., Stouffer, R., Winton, M., Wittenberg, A. T., Xiang, B., Zadeh, N., and Zhang, R.: The GFDL Global Ocean and Sea Ice Model OM4.0: Model Description and Simulation Features, J. Adv. Model. Earth Sy., 11, 3167–3211, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019MS001726, 2019. a, b
Adkins, J. F., McIntyre, K., and Schrag, D. P.: The salinity, temperature, and δ18O of the glacial deep ocean, Science, 298, 1769–1773, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1076252, 2002. a
Bala, G., Caldeira, K., Mirin, A., Wickett, M., Delire, C., and Phillips, T. J.: Biogeophysical effects of CO2 fertilization on global climate, Tellus B, 58, 620–627, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0889.2006.00210.x, 2006. a
Bauer, E. and Ganopolski, A.: Aeolian dust modeling over the past four glacial cycles with CLIMBER-2, Global Planet. Change, 74, 49–60, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2010.07.009, 2010. a, b
Bauer, E., Petoukhov, V., Ganopolski, A., and Eliseev, A. V.: Climatic response to anthropogenic sulphate aerosols versus well-mixed greenhouse gases from 1850 to 2000 AD in CLIMBER-2, Tellus B, 60B, 82–97, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0889.2007.00318.x, 2008. a, b
Short summary
In this paper we present the climate component of the newly developed fast Earth system model CLIMBER-X. It has a horizontal resolution of 5°x5° and is designed to simulate the evolution of the Earth system on temporal scales ranging from decades to >100 000 years. CLIMBER-X is available as open-source code and is expected to be a useful tool for studying past climate changes and for the investigation of the long-term future evolution of the climate.
Share