Articles | Volume 19, issue 5
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-1965-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-1965-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Development and technical paper
| 
09 Mar 2026
Development and technical paper |
| 09 Mar 2026
| 09 Mar 2026
RADIv2: an adaptable and versatile diagenetic model for coastal and open-ocean sediments
Hinne F. van der Zant
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
LIttoral, Environnement et SociétéS (LIENSs) – UMR 7266, CNRS-La Rochelle Université, 2 rue Olympe de Gouges, La Rochelle, 17000, France
Olivier Sulpis
CEREGE, Technopole Environnement Arbois-Méditerranée BP 80 13545 Aix-en-Provence, CEDEX 04, France
Jack J. Middelburg
Utrecht University, Department of Earth Sciences, Princetonlaan 8A, 3584 CB Utrecht, the Netherlands
Matthew P. Humphreys
NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Department of Ocean Systems (OCS), P.O. Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg (Texel), the Netherlands
Raphaël Savelli
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, La Cañada Flintridge, CA 91011, USA
Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, San José State University, 8272 Moss Landing Road Moss Landing, CA 95039, USA
Dustin Carroll
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, La Cañada Flintridge, CA 91011, USA
Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, San José State University, 8272 Moss Landing Road Moss Landing, CA 95039, USA
Dimitris Menemenlis
Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, San José State University, 8272 Moss Landing Road Moss Landing, CA 95039, USA
Kay Sušelj
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, La Cañada Flintridge, CA 91011, USA
Vincent Le Fouest
LIttoral, Environnement et SociétéS (LIENSs) – UMR 7266, CNRS-La Rochelle Université, 2 rue Olympe de Gouges, La Rochelle, 17000, France
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Joseph K. Ansong, Brian K. Arbic, Romain Bourdalle-Badié, Clément Bricaud, Jérôme Chanut, Dimitris Menemenlis, Richard D. Ray, Michael Schindelegger, Alan J. Wallcraft, He Wang, Alistair J. Adcroft, Frédéric Briol, Maarten C. Buijsman, Loren Carrère, Eric P. Chassignet, Gerald Dibarboure, Robert W. Hallberg, Christopher N. Hill, Ariane Koch-Larrouy, Florent Lyard, Matthew R. Mazloff, An T. Nguyen, Nicolas Picot, Rui M. Ponte, and Jay F. Shriver
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-5064, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-5064, 2026
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Ocean Science (OS).
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We assess how well four high-resolution global ocean models reproduce surface and internal tides compared with satellite observations. Some models produce internal tides that are too strong, but including energy loss over rough seafloor improves their accuracy. Longer model records and higher resolution also improve agreement with observations. We further identify errors in the tidal forcing of widely used MITgcm simulations that reduce the accuracy of their simulated tides.
Nico Lange, Siv K. Lauvset, Brendan R. Carter, Matthew P. Humphreys, Ryan J. Woosley, Are Olsen, Henry C. Bittig, Alex Kozyr, Marta Álvarez, Kumiko Azetsu-Scott, Susan Becker, Peter J. Brown, Leticia Cotrim da Cunha, Larissa Dias, Mario Hoppema, Masao Ishii, Emil Jeansson, Akihiko Murata, Jens Daniel Müller, Fiz F. Pérez, Carsten Schirnick, Reiner Steinfeldt, Adam Ulfsbo, Anton Velo, and Toste Tanhua
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2026-496, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2026-496, 2026
Preprint under review for ESSD
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GLODAP is a data product for ocean inorganic carbon and related biogeochemical variables measured by the chemical analysis of water bottle samples from scientific cruises. GLODAPv3 is the third version release of GLODAP. The data that are included have been subjected to extensive quality control, including systematic evaluation of systematic cruise differences. This version contains data from 1181 hydrographic cruises covering the world's oceans from 1972 to 2023.
Michael Dominik Tyka, Mengyang Zhou, Elizabeth Yankovsky, and Dustin Carroll
Biogeosciences, 23, 4943–4966, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-23-4943-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-23-4943-2026, 2026
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Quantification of the kinetics of the induced ocean CO2 uptake following application of marine carbon dioxide removal technologies (mCDR) is crucial for such technologies to gain scientific and social acceptance. Here, we compare two circulation models commonly used for this purpose and find substantial differences in their predictions. We analyze which physical aspects of the models contribute the most to the inter-model discrepancies, and thus require future research.
Amanda R. Fay, Dustin Carroll, Galen A. McKinley, Nicole S. Lovenduski, Dimitris Menemenlis, and Hong Zhang
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-2870, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-2870, 2026
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The ocean helps slow climate change by absorbing carbon dioxide, but our research shows this process weakens quickly when we reduce emissions. Using a sophisticated model, we found that the ocean’s carbon uptake drops within just a few years of mitigation. This change is most visible in the North Atlantic and Southern Ocean. To accurately track our progress in addressing climate change, we must focus global monitoring efforts on these specific, sensitive regions of the open sea.
Matthew P. Humphreys, Siv K. Lauvset, Nico Lange, Henry C. Bittig, Brendan R. Carter, Mario Hoppema, Akihiko Murata, Are Olsen, Toste Tanhua, Adam Ulfsbo, Antón Velo, Ryan J. Woosley, Kumiko Azetsu-Scott, Jens D. Müller, and Fiz F. Pérez
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-3063, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-3063, 2026
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Ocean Science (OS).
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The Global Ocean Data Analysis Project (GLODAP) collects oceanographic datasets from research cruises that are needed to study the marine carbon cycle. The datasets are quality controlled and adjusted where necessary to ensure consistency between cruises, and published as a global data product. Here, we present a new method for calculating the consistency adjustments called ‘furthest-first inversion’ which has been developed for the newest version of the data product.
Yasmina Ourradi, Gert-Jan Reichart, Sonja van Leeuwen, and Matthew P. Humphreys
Biogeosciences, 23, 3323–3346, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-23-3323-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-23-3323-2026, 2026
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Coastal seas play a key role in the global carbon cycle, yet what drives their carbonate chemistry remains poorly understood. We measured pH at high frequency for a year at the Wadden Sea-North Sea interface. Biological activity drives pH changes, while freshwater inflow shapes total alkalinity. Both processes influence dissolved inorganic carbon. The Wadden Sea acts as a net carbon dioxide source to the atmosphere. High-frequency monitoring is essential under a changing climate.
Claire K. Yung, Xylar S. Asay-Davis, Alistair Adcroft, Christopher Y. S. Bull, Jan De Rydt, Michael S. Dinniman, Benjamin K. Galton-Fenzi, Daniel Goldberg, David E. Gwyther, Robert Hallberg, Matthew Harrison, Tore Hattermann, David M. Holland, Denise Holland, Paul R. Holland, James R. Jordan, Nicolas C. Jourdain, Kazuya Kusahara, Gustavo Marques, Pierre Mathiot, Dimitris Menemenlis, Adele K. Morrison, Yoshihiro Nakayama, Olga Sergienko, Robin S. Smith, Alon Stern, Ralph Timmermann, and Qin Zhou
The Cryosphere, 20, 2053–2088, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-20-2053-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-20-2053-2026, 2026
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The second Ice Shelf-Ocean Model Intercomparison Project, ISOMIP+, compares 12 ice shelf-ocean models with a common, idealised, static configuration, aiming to assess inter-model variability. Models show similar basal melt rate patterns, ocean profiles and circulation but differ in ice-ocean boundary layer properties. Ice-ocean boundary layer representation is a key area for future work, as are realistic-domain ice sheet-ocean model intercomparisons.
Sonia Chaabane, Ralf Schiebel, Julie Meilland, Geert-Jan A. Brummer, P. Graham Mortyn, Olivier Sulpis, Thomas B. Chalk, Xavier Giraud, Helene Howa, Azumi Kuroyanagi, Gregory Beaugrand, and Thibault de Garidel-Thoron
J. Micropalaeontol., 45, 195–217, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-45-195-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-45-195-2026, 2026
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Using the FORCIS database, we mapped the distribution of planktonic goraminifera that record past ocean conditions. Our study reveals that these species mostly inhabit the upper ocean and thrive in waters ranging from −2 °C to over 31 °C. Their range is shifting, with species once limited to warm regions now appearing in cooler areas and smaller species increasing in number. This work refines our view of their biogeography and how climate change is reshaping ocean life.
Li-Qing Jiang, Amanda Fay, Jens Daniel Müller, Luke Gregor, Alizée Roobaert, Lydia Keppler, Dustin Carroll, Siv K. Lauvset, Tim DeVries, Judith Hauck, Christian Rödenbeck, Nicolas Metzl, Andrea J. Fassbender, Jean-Pierre Gattuso, Peter Landschützer, Rik Wanninkhof, Christopher Sabine, Simone R. Alin, Mario Hoppema, Are Olsen, Matthew P. Humphreys, Kunal Chakraborty, Ana C. Franco, Kumiko Azetsu-Scott, Dorothee C. E. Bakker, Leticia Barbero, Nicholas R. Bates, Nicole Besemer, Henry C. Bittig, Albert E. Boyd, Daniel Broullón, Wei-Jun Cai, Brendan R. Carter, Thi-Tuyet-Trang Chau, Chen-Tung Arthur Chen, Frédéric Cyr, John E. Dore, Ian Enochs, Richard A. Feely, Hernan E. Garcia, Marion Gehlen, Prasanna Kanti Ghoshal, Lucas Gloege, Melchor González-Dávila, Nicolas Gruber, Debby Ianson, Yosuke Iida, Masao Ishii, Apurva Padamnabh Joshi, Esther Kennedy, Alex Kozyr, Nico Lange, Claire Lo Monaco, Derek P. Manzello, Galen A. McKinley, Natalie M. Monacci, Xose A. Padin, Ana M. Palacio-Castro, Fiz F. Pérez, J. Magdalena Santana-Casiano, Jonathan Sharp, Adrienne Sutton, Jim Swift, Toste Tanhua, Maciej Telszewski, Jens Terhaar, Ruben van Hooidonk, Anton Velo, Andrew J. Watson, Angelicque E. White, Zelun Wu, Liang Xue, Hyelim Yoo, Jiye Zeng, and Guorong Zhong
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 18, 1405–1462, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-18-1405-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-18-1405-2026, 2026
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This review article provides an overview of 68 existing ocean carbonate chemistry data products and data product sets, encompassing a broad range of types, including compilations of cruise datasets, gap-filled observational products, model simulations, and more. It is designed to help researchers identify and access the data products that best support their scientific objectives, thereby facilitating progress in understanding the ocean's changing carbonate chemistry.
Raphaël Savelli, Dustin Carroll, Dimitris Menemenlis, Jonathan M. Lauderdale, Clément Bertin, Stephanie Dutkiewicz, Manfredi Manizza, A. Anthony Bloom, Karel Castro-Morales, Charles E. Miller, Marc Simard, Kevin W. Bowman, and Hong Zhang
Geosci. Model Dev., 19, 867–885, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-867-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-867-2026, 2026
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Accounting for carbon and nutrients in rivers is essential for resolving carbon dioxide (CO2) exchanges between the ocean and the atmosphere. In this study, we add the effect of present-day rivers to a pioneering global-ocean biogeochemistry model. This study highlights the challenge for global ocean numerical models to cover the complexity of the flow of water and carbon across the Land-to-Ocean Aquatic Continuum.
Anne L. Kruijt, Robin van Dijk, Olivier Sulpis, Luc Beaufort, Guillaume Lassus, Geert-Jan Brummer, A. Daniëlle van der Burg, Ben A. Cala, Yasmina Ourradi, Katja T. C. A. Peijnenburg, Matthew P. Humphreys, Sonia Chaabane, Appy Sluijs, and Jack J. Middelburg
Biogeosciences, 23, 531–563, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-23-531-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-23-531-2026, 2026
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We measured the three main types of plankton that produce calcium carbonate in the ocean, at the same time and location. While coccolithophores were the biggest contributors, we found that planktonic gastropods, not foraminifera, were the second largest contributor. This challenges the current view and improves our understanding of how these organisms influence oceans’ carbon cycling.
Abdullah A. Fahad, Andrea Molod, Krzysztof Wargan, Dimitris Menemenlis, Patrick Heimbach, Atanas Trayanov, Ehud Strobach, and Lawrence Coy
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 26, 647–663, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-647-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-647-2026, 2026
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This study used reanalysis datasets and a 1-degree coupled General Circulation Model to analyze the Northern Hemisphere stratospheric temperature response in a decadal simulation. Results show that the polar stratospheric temperature increased from 1992 to 2000, contrary to the expectation of stratospheric cooling due to rising CO2. The study concluded that changes in ozone and CO2 drive the meridional eddy heat transport, dictating polar stratospheric temperature behavior.
Matthew P. Humphreys and Sharyn Ossebaar
Ocean Sci., 21, 3123–3130, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-21-3123-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-21-3123-2025, 2025
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The ocean is one of the main reservoirs of carbon dioxide (CO2) on Earth's surface, so it plays an important role in modulating the climate. In this paper, we propose an update to how dissolved CO2 in seawater is determined from laboratory data, which can sometimes improve the accuracy of these measurements.
Clément Bertin, Vincent Le Fouest, Dustin Carroll, Stephanie Dutkiewicz, Dimitris Menemenlis, Atsushi Matsuoka, Manfredi Manizza, and Charles E. Miller
Biogeosciences, 22, 6607–6629, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-6607-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-6607-2025, 2025
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We adjusted a model of the Mackenzie River region to account for the riverine export of organic matter that affects light in the water. We show that such export causes a delay in the phytoplankton growth by two weeks and raises the water surface temperature by 1.7 °C. We found that temperature increase turns this coastal region from a sink of carbon dioxide to an emitter. Our findings suggest that rising exports of organic matter can significantly affect the carbon cycle in Arctic coastal areas.
Gavin A. Schmidt, Kenneth D. Mankoff, Jonathan L. Bamber, Clara Burgard, Dustin Carroll, David M. Chandler, Violaine Coulon, Benjamin J. Davison, Matthew H. England, Paul R. Holland, Nicolas C. Jourdain, Qian Li, Juliana M. Marson, Pierre Mathiot, Clive R. McMahon, Twila A. Moon, Ruth Mottram, Sophie Nowicki, Anna Olivé Abelló, Andrew G. Pauling, Thomas Rackow, and Damien Ringeisen
Geosci. Model Dev., 18, 8333–8361, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-8333-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-8333-2025, 2025
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The impact of increasing mass loss from the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets has not so far been included in historical climate model simulations. This paper describes the protocols and data available for modeling groups to add this anomalous freshwater to their ocean modules to better represent the impacts of these fluxes on ocean circulation, sea ice, salinity and sea level.
Ben A. Cala, Mariette Wolthers, Olivier Sulpis, Jonathan D. Sharp, and Matthew P. Humphreys
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-5059, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-5059, 2025
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Magnesium calcites are minerals produced by some marine organisms. Understanding how these minerals dissolve helps us to predict how the ocean stores carbon. We developed a new method to calculate the solubility of these minerals in seawater, using existing laboratory data and taking into account the effects of temperature, salinity and pressure. Applying this method globally, we found that magnesium calcites dissolve deeper than previously thought.
Louise Delaigue, Gert-Jan Reichart, Li Qiu, Eric P. Achterberg, Yasmina Ourradi, Chris Galley, André Mutzberg, and Matthew P. Humphreys
Biogeosciences, 22, 5103–5121, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-5103-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-5103-2025, 2025
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Our study analysed pH in ocean surface waters to understand how it fluctuates with changes in temperature, salinity, and biological activities. We found that temperature mainly controls daily pH variations, but biological processes also play a role, especially in affecting CO2 levels between the ocean and atmosphere. Our research shows how these factors together maintain the balance of ocean chemistry, which is crucial for predicting changes in marine environments.
Aman KC, Ellyn M. Enderlin, Dominik Fahrner, Twila Moon, and Dustin Carroll
The Cryosphere, 19, 3089–3106, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-3089-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-3089-2025, 2025
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The sum of ice flowing towards a glacier’s terminus and changes in the position of the terminus over time collectively makes up terminus ablation. We found that terminus ablation has more seasonal variability than previously concluded from flux-based estimates of ice discharge. The findings are of importance in understanding the timing and location of the freshwater input to the fjords and surrounding ocean basins affecting local and regional ecosystems and ocean properties.
Samantha Siedlecki, Stanley Nmor, Gennadi Lessin, Kelly Kearney, Subhadeep Rakshit, Colleen Petrik, Jessica Luo, Cristina Schultz, Dalton Sasaki, Kayla Gillen, Anh Pham, Christopher Somes, Damian Brady, Jeremy Testa, Christophe Rabouille, Isa Elegbede, and Olivier Sulpis
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1846, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1846, 2025
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Benthic biogeochemical models are essential for simulating seafloor carbon cycling and climate feedbacks, yet vary widely in structure and assumptions. This paper introduces SedBGC_MIP, a community initiative to compare existing models, refine key processes, and assess uncertainty. We highlight discrepancies through case studies and introduce needs including observational benchmarks. Ultimately, we seek to improve climate and resource projections.
Jana Krause, Dustin Carroll, Juan Höfer, Jeremy Donaire, Eric P. Achterberg, Emilio Alarcón, Te Liu, Lorenz Meire, Kechen Zhu, and Mark J. Hopwood
The Cryosphere, 18, 5735–5752, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-5735-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-5735-2024, 2024
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Here we analysed calved ice samples from both the Arctic and Antarctic to assess the variability in the composition of iceberg meltwater. Our results suggest that low concentrations of nitrate and phosphate in ice are primarily from the ice matrix, whereas sediment-rich layers impart a low concentration of silica and modest concentrations of iron and manganese. At a global scale, there are very limited differences in the nutrient composition of ice.
Yoshihiro Nakayama, Alena Malyarenko, Hong Zhang, Ou Wang, Matthis Auger, Yafei Nie, Ian Fenty, Matthew Mazloff, Armin Köhl, and Dimitris Menemenlis
Geosci. Model Dev., 17, 8613–8638, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-8613-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-8613-2024, 2024
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Global- and basin-scale ocean reanalyses are becoming easily accessible. However, such ocean reanalyses are optimized for their entire model domains and their ability to simulate the Southern Ocean requires evaluation. We conduct intercomparison analyses of Massachusetts Institute of Technology General Circulation Model (MITgcm)-based ocean reanalyses. They generally perform well for the open ocean, but open-ocean temporal variability and Antarctic continental shelves require improvements.
Matthew P. Humphreys
Ocean Sci., 20, 1325–1350, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-20-1325-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-20-1325-2024, 2024
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The ocean takes up carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere, slowing climate change. This CO2 uptake is controlled by a property called ƒCO2. Seawater ƒCO2 changes as seawater warms or cools, although by an uncertain amount; measurements and calculations give inconsistent results. Here, we work out how ƒCO2 should, in theory, respond to temperature. This matches field data and model calculations but still has discrepancies with scarce laboratory results, which need more measurements to resolve.
Siv K. Lauvset, Nico Lange, Toste Tanhua, Henry C. Bittig, Are Olsen, Alex Kozyr, Marta Álvarez, Kumiko Azetsu-Scott, Peter J. Brown, Brendan R. Carter, Leticia Cotrim da Cunha, Mario Hoppema, Matthew P. Humphreys, Masao Ishii, Emil Jeansson, Akihiko Murata, Jens Daniel Müller, Fiz F. Pérez, Carsten Schirnick, Reiner Steinfeldt, Toru Suzuki, Adam Ulfsbo, Anton Velo, Ryan J. Woosley, and Robert M. Key
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 2047–2072, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-2047-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-2047-2024, 2024
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GLODAP is a data product for ocean inorganic carbon and related biogeochemical variables measured by the chemical analysis of water bottle samples from scientific cruises. GLODAPv2.2023 is the fifth update of GLODAPv2 from 2016. The data that are included have been subjected to extensive quality controlling, including systematic evaluation of measurement biases. This version contains data from 1108 hydrographic cruises covering the world's oceans from 1972 to 2021.
Katharina Gallmeier, J. Xavier Prochaska, Peter Cornillon, Dimitris Menemenlis, and Madolyn Kelm
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 7143–7170, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-7143-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-7143-2023, 2023
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This paper introduces an approach to evaluate numerical models of ocean circulation. We compare the structure of satellite-derived sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTa) instances determined by a machine learning algorithm at 10–80 km scales to those output by a high-resolution MITgcm run. The simulation over much of the ocean reproduces the observed distribution of SSTa patterns well. This general agreement, alongside a few notable exceptions, highlights the potential of this approach.
Siv K. Lauvset, Nico Lange, Toste Tanhua, Henry C. Bittig, Are Olsen, Alex Kozyr, Simone Alin, Marta Álvarez, Kumiko Azetsu-Scott, Leticia Barbero, Susan Becker, Peter J. Brown, Brendan R. Carter, Leticia Cotrim da Cunha, Richard A. Feely, Mario Hoppema, Matthew P. Humphreys, Masao Ishii, Emil Jeansson, Li-Qing Jiang, Steve D. Jones, Claire Lo Monaco, Akihiko Murata, Jens Daniel Müller, Fiz F. Pérez, Benjamin Pfeil, Carsten Schirnick, Reiner Steinfeldt, Toru Suzuki, Bronte Tilbrook, Adam Ulfsbo, Anton Velo, Ryan J. Woosley, and Robert M. Key
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 5543–5572, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-5543-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-5543-2022, 2022
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GLODAP is a data product for ocean inorganic carbon and related biogeochemical variables measured by the chemical analysis of water bottle samples from scientific cruises. GLODAPv2.2022 is the fourth update of GLODAPv2 from 2016. The data that are included have been subjected to extensive quality controlling, including systematic evaluation of measurement biases. This version contains data from 1085 hydrographic cruises covering the world's oceans from 1972 to 2021.
Hector S. Torres, Patrice Klein, Jinbo Wang, Alexander Wineteer, Bo Qiu, Andrew F. Thompson, Lionel Renault, Ernesto Rodriguez, Dimitris Menemenlis, Andrea Molod, Christopher N. Hill, Ehud Strobach, Hong Zhang, Mar Flexas, and Dragana Perkovic-Martin
Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 8041–8058, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-8041-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-8041-2022, 2022
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Wind work at the air-sea interface is the scalar product of winds and currents and is the transfer of kinetic energy between the ocean and the atmosphere. Using a new global coupled ocean-atmosphere simulation performed at kilometer resolution, we show that all scales of winds and currents impact the ocean dynamics at spatial and temporal scales. The consequential interplay of surface winds and currents in the numerical simulation motivates the need for a winds and currents satellite mission.
Olivier Sulpis, Matthew P. Humphreys, Monica M. Wilhelmus, Dustin Carroll, William M. Berelson, Dimitris Menemenlis, Jack J. Middelburg, and Jess F. Adkins
Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 2105–2131, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-2105-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-2105-2022, 2022
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A quarter of the surface of the Earth is covered by marine sediments rich in calcium carbonates, and their dissolution acts as a giant antacid tablet protecting the ocean against human-made acidification caused by massive CO2 emissions. Here, we present a new model of sediment chemistry that incorporates the latest experimental findings on calcium carbonate dissolution kinetics. This model can be used to predict how marine sediments evolve through time in response to environmental perturbations.
Matthew P. Humphreys, Erik H. Meesters, Henk de Haas, Szabina Karancz, Louise Delaigue, Karel Bakker, Gerard Duineveld, Siham de Goeyse, Andreas F. Haas, Furu Mienis, Sharyn Ossebaar, and Fleur C. van Duyl
Biogeosciences, 19, 347–358, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-347-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-347-2022, 2022
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A series of submarine sinkholes were recently discovered on Luymes Bank, part of Saba Bank, a carbonate platform in the Caribbean Netherlands. Here, we investigate the waters inside these sinkholes for the first time. One of the sinkholes contained a body of dense, low-oxygen and low-pH water, which we call the
acid lake. We use measurements of seawater chemistry to work out what processes were responsible for forming the acid lake and discuss the consequences for the carbonate platform.
Matthew P. Humphreys, Ernie R. Lewis, Jonathan D. Sharp, and Denis Pierrot
Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 15–43, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-15-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-15-2022, 2022
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The ocean helps to mitigate our impact on Earth's climate by absorbing about a quarter of the carbon dioxide (CO2) released by human activities each year. However, once absorbed, chemical reactions between CO2 and water reduce seawater pH (
ocean acidification), which may have adverse effects on marine ecosystems. Our Python package, PyCO2SYS, models the chemical reactions of CO2 in seawater, allowing us to quantify the corresponding changes in pH and related chemical properties.
Cited articles
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Short summary
We developed a model to simulate seafloor biogeochemical processes across a wide range of marine environments, from shallow coastal zones to deep-sea sediments. From this model, we derived a set of simple equations that predict how carbon, oxygen, and alkalinity are exchanged between sediments and overlying waters. These equations provide an efficient way to improve how ocean models represent seafloor interactions, which are often missing or overly simplified.
We developed a model to simulate seafloor biogeochemical processes across a wide range of marine...
