Articles | Volume 17, issue 8
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-3235-2024
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-3235-2024
Methods for assessment of models
 | 
25 Apr 2024
Methods for assessment of models |  | 25 Apr 2024

biospheremetrics v1.0.2: an R package to calculate two complementary terrestrial biosphere integrity indicators – human colonization of the biosphere (BioCol) and risk of ecosystem destabilization (EcoRisk)

Fabian Stenzel, Johanna Braun, Jannes Breier, Karlheinz Erb, Dieter Gerten, Jens Heinke, Sarah Matej, Sebastian Ostberg, Sibyll Schaphoff, and Wolfgang Lucht

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Cited articles

Aragão, L. E. O. C.: The rainforest's water pump, Nature, 489, 217–218, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature11485, 2012. a
Arneth, A., Denton , F., Agus, F., Elbehri, A., Erb, K. H., Osman Elasha, B., Rahimi, M., Rounsevell, M., Spence, A., Valentini, R., and Debonne, N.: Framing and Context, in: Climate Change and Land: an IPCC special report on climate change, desertification, land degradation, sustainable land management, food security, and greenhouse gas fluxes in terrestrial ecosystems, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), 1–98, https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/2019/08/2b.-Chapter-1_FINAL.pdf (11 April 2024), 2019. a
Beringer, T., Lucht, W., and Schaphoff, S.: Bioenergy production potential of global biomass plantations under environmental and agricultural constraints, GCB Bioenergy, 3, 299–312, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1757-1707.2010.01088.x, 2011. a
Bondeau, A., Smith, P. C., Zaehle, S., Schaphoff, S., Lucht, W., Cramer, W., Gerten, D., Lotze-Campen, H., Müller, C., Reichstein, M., and Smith, B.: Modelling the role of agriculture for the 20th century global terrestrial carbon balance, Global Change Biol., 13, 679–706, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01305.x, 2007. a
Breier, J., Ostberg, S., Wirth, S. B., Minoli, S., Stenzel, F., and Müller, C.: lpjmlkit: Toolkit for Basic LPJmL Handling, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7773134, 2023. a
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Short summary
We provide an R package to compute two biosphere integrity metrics that can be applied to simulations of vegetation growth from the dynamic global vegetation model LPJmL. The pressure metric BioCol indicates that we humans modify and extract > 20 % of the potential preindustrial natural biomass production. The ecosystems state metric EcoRisk shows a high risk of ecosystem destabilization in many regions as a result of climate change and land, water, and fertilizer use.
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