Articles | Volume 18, issue 7
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-2249-2025
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-2249-2025
Development and technical paper
 | 
11 Apr 2025
Development and technical paper |  | 11 Apr 2025

Including the phosphorus cycle into the LPJ-GUESS dynamic global vegetation model (v4.1, r10994) – global patterns and temporal trends of N and P primary production limitation

Mateus Dantas de Paula, Matthew Forrest, David Warlind, João Paulo Darela Filho, Katrin Fleischer, Anja Rammig, and Thomas Hickler

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Cited articles

Allen, K., Fisher, J. B., Phillips, R. P., Powers, J. S., and Brzostek, E. R.: Modeling the Carbon Cost of Plant Nitrogen and Phosphorus Uptake Across Temperate and Tropical Forests, Front. Forest. Glob. Change, 3, 1–12, https://doi.org/10.3389/ffgc.2020.00043, 2020. 
Bolster, C. H. and Hornberger, G. M.: On the Use of Linearized Langmuir Equations, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 71, 1796–1806, https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2006.0304, 2007. 
Boyer, E. W., Howarth, R. W., Galloway, J. N., Dentener, F. J., Green, P. A., and Vorosmarty, C. J.: Riverine nitrogen export from the continents to the coasts, Global Biogeochem. Cy., 20, GB1S91, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005GB002537, 2006.  
Butler, O. M., Elser, J. J., Lewis, T., Mackey, B., and Chen, C.: The phosphorus-rich signature of fire in the soil–plant system: a global meta-analysis, Ecol. Lett., 21, 335–344, https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.12896, 2018. 
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Short summary
Our study maps global nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) availability and how they changed from 1901 to 2018. We find that tropical regions are mostly P-limited, while temperate and boreal areas face N limitations. Over time, P limitation increased, especially in the tropics, while N limitation decreased. These shifts are key to understanding global plant growth and carbon storage, highlighting the importance of including P dynamics in ecosystem models.
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