Geoscientific Model Development
Geoscientific Model Development
GMD
Articles | Volume 19, issue 11
Articles | Volume 19, issue 11
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-5191-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-5191-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 19, issue 11
Methods for assessment of models
 | 
16 Jun 2026
Methods for assessment of models |  | 16 Jun 2026

A novel ALE scheme with the internal boundary for true free surface simulation in geodynamic models

Neng Lu, Louis Moresi, and Julian Giordani

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Short summary
This study presents a novel scheme for simulating Earth's free surface. Traditional methods like 'Sticky Air' in the Eulerian scheme face limitations such as increased computational costs and marker fluctuation issues. Our approach integrates the 'Sticky Air' concept into an Arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian framework using an internal boundary enabling a true free surface simulation, which reduces marker noise and enhances numerical stability.
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