Implementation of a multi-layer snow scheme in the GloSea6 seasonal forecast system: impacts on land–atmosphere interactions and climatological biases

Seo, Eunkyo; Dirmeyer, Paul A.; Tak, Sunlae

doi:10.5194/gmd-19-1261-2026

Articles | Volume 19, issue 3

https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-1261-2026

© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-1261-2026

© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Articles | Volume 19, issue 3

Model evaluation paper

|

11 Feb 2026

Model evaluation paper |

| 11 Feb 2026

Implementation of a multi-layer snow scheme in the GloSea6 seasonal forecast system: impacts on land–atmosphere interactions and climatological biases

Eunkyo Seo, Paul A. Dirmeyer, and Sunlae Tak

Supplement

https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-1261-2026-supplement

Data sets

GloSea5 and G6single retrospective forecast datasets for publication"Implementation of a multi-layer snow scheme in the GloSea6 seasonal forecast system: Impacts on land-atmosphere interactions and climatological biases'' E. Seo and S. Tak https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18417662

Time-filtered ESA CCI SM data for publication "Implementation of a multi-layer snow scheme in the GloSea6 seasonal forecast system: Impacts on land-atmosphere interactions and climatological biases'' E. Seo and P. A. Dirmeyer https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18307464

ERA5-Land: a state-of-the-art global reanalysis dataset for land applications (https://doi.org/10.24381/cds.e2161bac) J. Muñoz-Sabater et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-4349-2021

Model code and software

Scripts for publication "Implementation of a multi-layer snow scheme in the GloSea6 seasonal forecast system: Impacts on land--atmosphere interactions and climatological biases' E. Seo et al. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11243938

Short summary

This study examines a multi-layer snow scheme in seasonal forecasts. Compared to a single-layer scheme, it better captures snow insulation, delaying spring snowmelt by 1–2 weeks. This postpones evaporation and slows soil moisture depletion, which promotes evaporative cooling due to increasing energy partitioning into latent heat flux and enhances precipitation occurrence. This leads to realistic land-atmosphere interactions and reduced biases across Northern Hemisphere mid- and high-latitudes.