Articles | Volume 15, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-1513-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-1513-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Development and technical paper
| 
21 Feb 2022
Development and technical paper |
| 21 Feb 2022
| 21 Feb 2022
Model development in practice: a comprehensive update to the boundary layer schemes in HARMONIE-AROME cycle 40
Wim C. de Rooy
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Research & Development Weather and Climate models, Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute, P.O. Box 201, 3730AE, De Bilt, Utrecht, the Netherlands
Pier Siebesma
Research & Development Weather and Climate models, Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute, P.O. Box 201, 3730AE, De Bilt, Utrecht, the Netherlands
Department of Geoscience & Remote Sensing, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628CN, Delft, the Netherlands
Peter Baas
Department of Geoscience & Remote Sensing, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628CN, Delft, the Netherlands
Geert Lenderink
Research & Development Weather and Climate models, Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute, P.O. Box 201, 3730AE, De Bilt, Utrecht, the Netherlands
Stephan R. de Roode
Department of Geoscience & Remote Sensing, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628CN, Delft, the Netherlands
Hylke de Vries
Research & Development Weather and Climate models, Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute, P.O. Box 201, 3730AE, De Bilt, Utrecht, the Netherlands
Erik van Meijgaard
Research & Development Weather and Climate models, Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute, P.O. Box 201, 3730AE, De Bilt, Utrecht, the Netherlands
Jan Fokke Meirink
Research & Development Satellite observations, Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute, P.O. Box 201, 3730AE, De Bilt, the Netherlands
Sander Tijm
Weather and Climate services, Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute, P.O. Box 201, 3730AE, De Bilt, the Netherlands
Bram van 't Veen
Research & Development Observations and Data Technology, Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute, P.O. Box 201, 3730AE, De Bilt, the Netherlands
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Cited
13 citations as recorded by crossref.
- The Cycle 46 Configuration of the HARMONIE-AROME Forecast Model E. Gleeson et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/meteorology3040018
- Importance of CCN activation for fog forecasting and its representation in the two‐moment microphysical scheme LIMA B. Vié et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.4812
- Spatial Variability of Nocturnal Stability Regimes in an Operational Weather Prediction Model M. Kähnert et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-022-00762-1
- Coastal Wind in East Iceland Using Sentinel-1 and Model Data Reanalysis E. Khachatrian et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos16080962
- Cost-benefit analysis of the nesting approach in HARMONIE-AROME for a supercell outbreak case study J. Díaz-Fernández et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2026.108774
- Western Europe’s extreme July 2019 heatwave in a warmer world H. de Vries et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/2752-5295/ad519f
- A One‐Year‐Long Evaluation of a Wind‐Farm Parameterization in HARMONIE‐AROME B. van Stratum et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021MS002947
- Modelling wind farm effects in HARMONIE–AROME (cycle 43.2.2) – Part 1: Implementation and evaluation J. Fischereit et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-2855-2024
- On the Quasi-Steady Vorticity Balance in the Mature Stage of Hurricane Irma (2017) J. de Jong et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos16101146
- A pseudo global warming based system to study how climate change affects high impact rainfall events G. Lenderink et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wace.2025.100781
- The role of subtle dynamical changes in the European extreme rainfall of July 2021 V. Thompson et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-026-08181-5
- Impact of the Microphysics in HARMONIE-AROME on Fog S. Contreras Osorio et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13122127
- Atmospheric rivers and winter sea ice drive recent reversal in Antarctic ice mass loss M. Kolbe et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-026-03242-3
13 citations as recorded by crossref.
- The Cycle 46 Configuration of the HARMONIE-AROME Forecast Model E. Gleeson et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/meteorology3040018
- Importance of CCN activation for fog forecasting and its representation in the two‐moment microphysical scheme LIMA B. Vié et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.4812
- Spatial Variability of Nocturnal Stability Regimes in an Operational Weather Prediction Model M. Kähnert et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-022-00762-1
- Coastal Wind in East Iceland Using Sentinel-1 and Model Data Reanalysis E. Khachatrian et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos16080962
- Cost-benefit analysis of the nesting approach in HARMONIE-AROME for a supercell outbreak case study J. Díaz-Fernández et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2026.108774
- Western Europe’s extreme July 2019 heatwave in a warmer world H. de Vries et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/2752-5295/ad519f
- A One‐Year‐Long Evaluation of a Wind‐Farm Parameterization in HARMONIE‐AROME B. van Stratum et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021MS002947
- Modelling wind farm effects in HARMONIE–AROME (cycle 43.2.2) – Part 1: Implementation and evaluation J. Fischereit et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-2855-2024
- On the Quasi-Steady Vorticity Balance in the Mature Stage of Hurricane Irma (2017) J. de Jong et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos16101146
- A pseudo global warming based system to study how climate change affects high impact rainfall events G. Lenderink et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wace.2025.100781
- The role of subtle dynamical changes in the European extreme rainfall of July 2021 V. Thompson et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-026-08181-5
- Impact of the Microphysics in HARMONIE-AROME on Fog S. Contreras Osorio et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13122127
- Atmospheric rivers and winter sea ice drive recent reversal in Antarctic ice mass loss M. Kolbe et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-026-03242-3
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 01 Jun 2026
Short summary
This paper describes a comprehensive model update to the boundary layer schemes. Because the involved parameterisations are all built on widely applied frameworks, the here-described modifications are applicable to many NWP and climate models. The model update contains substantial modifications to the cloud, turbulence, and convection schemes and leads to a substantial improvement of several aspects of the model, especially low cloud forecasts.
This paper describes a comprehensive model update to the boundary layer schemes. Because the...
