Articles | Volume 19, issue 16
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-7545-2026
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-7545-2026
Model evaluation paper
 | 
17 Aug 2026
Model evaluation paper |  | 17 Aug 2026

Comprehensive inter-comparison of generative AI models for super-resolution precipitation downscaling across hydroclimatic regimes

Shivam Singh, Simon Michael Papalexiou, Hebatallah M. Abdelmoaty, Tom Hartvigsen, and Antonios Mamalakis

Data sets

Reproducibility Data and Models for Generative Precipitation Downscaling Shivam Singh https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19324377

Model code and software

shivamsinghhada/precipitation-downscaling: v1.1.0 - Revised GMD code release Shivam Singh https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20549613

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Short summary
High-resolution precipitation is critical for hydrologic and climate-risk applications, but climate models are too coarse to resolve storm-scale extremes. We compare a deterministic U-NET with two generative models, a Wasserstein Generative Adversarial Network (WGAN) and a diffusion model, for 8× and 16× precipitation downscaling using ERA5-Land. U-NET is stable but smooths extremes, whereas generative models better capture variability and heavy tails while introducing greater uncertainty.
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