Articles | Volume 19, issue 10
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-4055-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-4055-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Parameterization and evaluation of nonhydrostatic effect in the orographic gravity wave drag in China Meteorological Administration Global Forecast System (CMA-GFS) v4.0 model
Rongrong Zhang
State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Meteorological Science and Technology, Key laboratory of Mesoscale Severe Weather/Ministry of Education, School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
Jiangsu Meteorological Observatory, Jiangsu Meteorological Bureau, Nanjing 210008, China
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Severe Storm Disaster Risk/Key Laboratory of Transportation Meteorology of CMA, Nanjing 210041, China
Zhenzhen Ai
State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Meteorological Science and Technology, Key laboratory of Mesoscale Severe Weather/Ministry of Education, School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Meteorological Science and Technology, Key laboratory of Mesoscale Severe Weather/Ministry of Education, School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Meteorological Science and Technology, CMA Earth System Modeling and Prediction Centre, Beijing 100081, China
Key Laboratory of Earth System Modeling and Prediction, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China
Qiying Chen
State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Meteorological Science and Technology, CMA Earth System Modeling and Prediction Centre, Beijing 100081, China
Key Laboratory of Earth System Modeling and Prediction, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China
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Short summary
In this study, the orographic gravity wave drag (OGWD) parameterization scheme in the CMA-GFS v4.0 model is revised to account for nonhydrostatic effects (NHE) on the surface momentum flux of subgrid-scale orographic gravity waves. Through a series of 10-day medium-range forecasts, the revised OGWD scheme is shown to significantly improve the simulation of large-scale circulation in the Northern Hemisphere (NH), especially in the high latitudes.
In this study, the orographic gravity wave drag (OGWD) parameterization scheme in the CMA-GFS...