Geoscientific Model Development
Geoscientific Model Development
GMD
Articles | Volume 18, issue 18
Articles | Volume 18, issue 18
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-6313-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-6313-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 18, issue 18
Methods for assessment of models
 | 
25 Sep 2025
Methods for assessment of models |  | 25 Sep 2025

Constraining CMIP6 sea ice simulations with ICESat-2

Alek Petty, Christopher Cardinale, and Madison Smith

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Short summary
We use total freeboard data from NASA’s Ice, Cloud and land Elevation Satellite-2 (ICESat-2) across both hemispheres and estimates of winter Arctic sea ice thickness to evaluate climate model simulations of sea ice, providing constraints beyond the traditional sea ice area metric. ICESat-2 provides accurate freeboard data, but its short observational record requires careful consideration of natural variability.
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