Articles | Volume 18, issue 15

https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-4789-2025

Special issue:

Nucleus for European Modelling of the Ocean - NEMO

https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-4789-2025

Articles | Volume 18, issue 15

Development and technical paper

04 Aug 2025

Development and technical paper |

| 04 Aug 2025

Correction of sea surface biases in the NEMO ocean general circulation model using neural networks

Andrea Storto, Sergey Frolov, Laura Slivinski, and Chunxue Yang

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Total article views: 700 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)

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HTML: 472
PDF: 192
XML: 36
Total: 700
BibTeX: 32
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Views and downloads (calculated since 21 Oct 2024)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Oct 2024	85	14	5	104
Nov 2024	118	42	6	166
Dec 2024	41	17	0	58
Jan 2025	36	15	5	56
Feb 2025	60	25	7	92
Mar 2025	25	16	2	43
Apr 2025	20	7	0	27
May 2025	20	7	2	29
Jun 2025	38	26	9	73
Jul 2025	28	19	0	47
Aug 2025	1	4	0	5

Cumulative views and downloads (calculated since 21 Oct 2024)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Oct 2024	85	14	5	104
Nov 2024	118	42	6	166
Dec 2024	41	17	0	58
Jan 2025	36	15	5	56
Feb 2025	60	25	7	92
Mar 2025	25	16	2	43
Apr 2025	20	7	0	27
May 2025	20	7	2	29
Jun 2025	38	26	9	73
Jul 2025	28	19	0	47
Aug 2025	1	4	0	5

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Total article views: 700 (including HTML, PDF, and XML) Thereof 685 with geography defined and 15 with unknown origin.

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Latest update: 04 Aug 2025

Short summary

Inaccuracies in air–sea heat fluxes severely degrade the accuracy of ocean numerical simulations. Here, we use artificial neural networks to correct air–sea heat fluxes as a function of oceanic and atmospheric state predictors. The correction successfully improves surface and subsurface ocean temperatures beyond the training period and in prediction experiments.