Geoscientific Model Development
Geoscientific Model Development
GMD
Articles | Volume 18, issue 6
Articles | Volume 18, issue 6
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-2051-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-2051-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 18, issue 6
Development and technical paper
 | 
01 Apr 2025
Development and technical paper |  | 01 Apr 2025

Can AI be enabled to perform dynamical downscaling? A latent diffusion model to mimic kilometer-scale COSMO5.0_CLM9 simulations

Elena Tomasi, Gabriele Franch, and Marco Cristoforetti

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Short summary
High-resolution weather data are crucial for many applications, typically generated via resource-intensive numerical models through dynamical downscaling. We developed an AI model using latent diffusion models (LDMs) to mimic this process, increasing weather data resolution over Italy from 25 to 2 km. LDM outperforms other methods, accurately capturing local patterns and extreme events. This approach offers a cost-effective alternative, with potential disruptive application in climate sciences.
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