Geoscientific Model Development
Geoscientific Model Development
GMD
Articles | Volume 17, issue 2
Articles | Volume 17, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-759-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Special issue:
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-759-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 17, issue 2
Model evaluation paper
 | 
30 Jan 2024
Model evaluation paper |  | 30 Jan 2024

Modeling collision–coalescence in particle microphysics: numerical convergence of mean and variance of precipitation in cloud simulations using the University of Warsaw Lagrangian Cloud Model (UWLCM) 2.1

Piotr Zmijewski, Piotr Dziekan, and Hanna Pawlowska

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University of Warsaw Lagrangian Cloud Model (UWLCM) 2.0: adaptation of a mixed Eulerian–Lagrangian numerical model for heterogeneous computing clusters
Piotr Dziekan and Piotr Zmijewski
Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 4489–4501, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-4489-2022,https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-4489-2022, 2022
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Cited articles

Andrejczuk, M., Grabowski, W. W., Reisner, J., and Gadian, A.: Cloud-aerosol interactions for boundary layer stratocumulus in the Lagrangian Cloud Model, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 115, D22214, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JD014248, 2010. a
Arabas, S. and Shima, S. I.: Large-eddy simulations of trade wind cumuli using particle-based microphysics with monte Carlo coalescence, J. Atmos. Sci., 70, 2768–2777, https://doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-12-0295.1, 2013. a
Arabas, S., Jaruga, A., Pawlowska, H., and Grabowski, W. W.: libcloudph++ 1.0: a single-moment bulk, double-moment bulk, and particle-based warm-rain microphysics library in C++, Geosci. Model Dev., 8, 1677–1707, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-1677-2015, 2015. a, b
Arabas, S., Jaruga, A., Dziekan, P., Waruszewski, M., and Jarecka, D.: libcloudph++ v3.1 source code, Zenodo [code], https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7643319, 2023a. a
Arabas, S., Waruszewski, M., Dziekan, P., Jaruga, A., Jarecka, D., Badger, C., and Singer, C.: libmpdata++ v2.1 source code, Zenodo [code], https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7643674, 2023b. a
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In computer simulations of clouds it is necessary to model the myriad of droplets that constitute a cloud. A popular method for this is to use so-called super-droplets (SDs), each representing many real droplets. It has remained a challenge to model collisions of SDs. We study how precipitation in a cumulus cloud depends on the number of SDs. Surprisingly, we do not find convergence in mean precipitation even for numbers of SDs much larger than typically used in simulations.
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Particle-based methods for simulating atmospheric aerosol...