Articles | Volume 17, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-1931-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-1931-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Model evaluation paper
| 
01 Mar 2024
Model evaluation paper |
| 01 Mar 2024
| 01 Mar 2024
Sensitivity of the WRF-Chem v4.4 simulations of ozone and formaldehyde and their precursors to multiple bottom-up emission inventories over East Asia during the KORUS-AQ 2016 field campaign
Kyoung-Min Kim
Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
Irreversible Climate Change Research Center, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
Seunghwan Seo
Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
Donald R. Blake
Department of Chemistry, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
Seogju Cho
Research Institute of Public Health and Environment, Seoul Metropolitan Government, Seoul, South Korea
James H. Crawford
NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
Louisa K. Emmons
Atmospheric Chemistry Observations & Modeling Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA
Alan Fried
Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
Jay R. Herman
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Joint Center for Earth Systems Technology, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA
Jinkyu Hong
Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
Jinsang Jung
Center for Gas Analysis, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon, South Korea
Gabriele G. Pfister
Atmospheric Chemistry Observations & Modeling Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA
Andrew J. Weinheimer
Atmospheric Chemistry Observations & Modeling Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA
Jung-Hun Woo
Department of Advanced Technology Fusion, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
Qiang Zhang
Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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Cited
15 citations as recorded by crossref.
- High-resolution anthropogenic emission inventory for China (2015–2024): Spatiotemporal changes and environmental application D. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121495
- Impact of CrIS-Derived NH3 Emission Updates on Simulated Nitrate and Ammonium Aerosols over East Asia K. Kim et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c08113
- Life–cycle impacts of South Korean air pollution on tropospheric ozone and methane: sensitivity to dispersion time C. Wilson & M. Prather https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-3995-2026
- Diurnal variations of NO2 tropospheric vertical column density over the Seoul metropolitan area from the Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer (GEMS): seasonal differences and the influence of the a priori NO2 profile S. Seo et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-115-2025
- Short-term association of ground-level ozone with 50,000 hospital admissions in Delhi: A fused data and distributed lag modeling study P. Parmar et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.uclim.2026.102958
- Tropospheric nitrogen dioxide levels vary diurnally in Asian cities J. Park et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-025-02272-7
- Improvement of Speciated Anthropogenic VOC Emissions in Support of KORea-United States Air Quality (KORUS-AQ) Field Campaign J. Kim et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44408-026-00122-5
- Impacts of reductions in anthropogenic emissions from 2015 to 2024 on PM2.5 and meteorological conditions over China D. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121658
- Radical chemistry and ozone responses under different chemical mechanisms in WRF-Chem: Implications for emission control strategies K. Kim et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2026.122198
- Enhancing WRF-Chem Simulations of Nitrogen Dioxide, Formaldehyde, and Ozone Using Satellite Retrievals and Top-Down Emission Estimates over East Asia S. Seo et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsearthspacechem.5c00373
- The HTAP_v3.2 emission mosaic: merging regional and global monthly emissions (2000–2020) to support air quality modelling and policies D. Guizzardi et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-5915-2025
- Effects of mobile emission reduction on ozone under future carbon neutrality scenarios in Korea Y. Yang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121688
- Impact of improved representation of volatile organic compound emissions and production of NOx reservoirs on modeled urban ozone production K. Travis et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-9555-2024
- Assessment of AOD Simulation by Assimilating Himawari and MODIS Products Z. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13351-025-4220-4
- Evaluating high-ozone concentration events in the megacity of Tehran, Iran using WRF-Chem simulations and satellite observations S. Roozitalab et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11869-026-01965-y
15 citations as recorded by crossref.
- High-resolution anthropogenic emission inventory for China (2015–2024): Spatiotemporal changes and environmental application D. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121495
- Impact of CrIS-Derived NH3 Emission Updates on Simulated Nitrate and Ammonium Aerosols over East Asia K. Kim et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c08113
- Life–cycle impacts of South Korean air pollution on tropospheric ozone and methane: sensitivity to dispersion time C. Wilson & M. Prather https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-3995-2026
- Diurnal variations of NO2 tropospheric vertical column density over the Seoul metropolitan area from the Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer (GEMS): seasonal differences and the influence of the a priori NO2 profile S. Seo et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-115-2025
- Short-term association of ground-level ozone with 50,000 hospital admissions in Delhi: A fused data and distributed lag modeling study P. Parmar et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.uclim.2026.102958
- Tropospheric nitrogen dioxide levels vary diurnally in Asian cities J. Park et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-025-02272-7
- Improvement of Speciated Anthropogenic VOC Emissions in Support of KORea-United States Air Quality (KORUS-AQ) Field Campaign J. Kim et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44408-026-00122-5
- Impacts of reductions in anthropogenic emissions from 2015 to 2024 on PM2.5 and meteorological conditions over China D. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121658
- Radical chemistry and ozone responses under different chemical mechanisms in WRF-Chem: Implications for emission control strategies K. Kim et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2026.122198
- Enhancing WRF-Chem Simulations of Nitrogen Dioxide, Formaldehyde, and Ozone Using Satellite Retrievals and Top-Down Emission Estimates over East Asia S. Seo et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsearthspacechem.5c00373
- The HTAP_v3.2 emission mosaic: merging regional and global monthly emissions (2000–2020) to support air quality modelling and policies D. Guizzardi et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-5915-2025
- Effects of mobile emission reduction on ozone under future carbon neutrality scenarios in Korea Y. Yang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121688
- Impact of improved representation of volatile organic compound emissions and production of NOx reservoirs on modeled urban ozone production K. Travis et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-9555-2024
- Assessment of AOD Simulation by Assimilating Himawari and MODIS Products Z. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13351-025-4220-4
- Evaluating high-ozone concentration events in the megacity of Tehran, Iran using WRF-Chem simulations and satellite observations S. Roozitalab et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11869-026-01965-y
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 23 Jul 2026
Short summary
Three emission inventories were evaluated for East Asia using data acquired during a field campaign in 2016. The inventories successfully reproduced the daily variations of ozone and nitrogen dioxide. However, the spatial distributions of model ozone did not fully agree with the observations. Additionally, all simulations underestimated carbon monoxide and volatile organic compound (VOC) levels. Increasing VOC emissions over South Korea resulted in improved ozone simulations.
Three emission inventories were evaluated for East Asia using data acquired during a field...
