Articles | Volume 16, issue 10
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-2851-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-2851-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Model evaluation paper
| 
25 May 2023
Model evaluation paper |
| 25 May 2023
| 25 May 2023
An internal solitary wave forecasting model in the northern South China Sea (ISWFM-NSCS)
Yankun Gong
State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea
Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301,
China
Xueen Chen
College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences, Ocean University of
China, Qingdao, 266100, China
Jiexin Xu
State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea
Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301,
China
Jieshuo Xie
State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea
Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301,
China
Zhiwu Chen
State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea
Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301,
China
Yinghui He
State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea
Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301,
China
Shuqun Cai
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea
Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301,
China
Institution of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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Cited
14 citations as recorded by crossref.
- ISWNM-NSCS v2.0: advancing the internal solitary wave numerical model with background currents and horizontally inhomogeneous stratifications Y. Gong et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-5413-2025
- Generation characteristics of internal solitary waves in the Northern Andaman sea based on MODIS observations and numerical simulations S. Huang et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2024.1472554
- Internal solitary waves in the Banda Sea, a pathway between Indian and Pacific oceans: Satellite observations and physics-AI hybrid forecasting X. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2025.114733
- Studying the Internal Wave Generation Mechanism in the Northern South China Sea Using Numerical Simulation, Synthetic Aperture Radar, and In Situ Measurements K. Zeng et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16081440
- Automatic identification of internal solitary waves in numerical simulations based on an improved canny algorithm L. Chen et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2025.123275
- Investigation of the Internal Solitary Wave Influence on Subsea Equipment Lowering with a Continuous Lowering Analysis Model M. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13112177
- Predicting ocean parameters with explainable machine learning: Overcoming scale and time challenges A. Durap https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsma.2025.104424
- Investigation of the influence of stratification and background currents on Internal Solitary Waves in the northern South China Sea based on the Wavefront model Z. Cui et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2025.104442
- IW-PPM: A BP neural network model with feature engineering for internal wave propagation prediction in the Northern South China Sea Z. Jiao et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocemod.2026.102746
- Constructing a 22-year internal wave dataset for the northern South China Sea: spatiotemporal analysis using MODIS imagery and deep learning X. Zhang & X. Li https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-5131-2024
- From Sparse Satellite Images to Continuous Visual Sequence: A Collaborative Diffusion Framework for Internal Solitary Waves Z. An et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2026.3689046
- Rapid early warning for internal solitary waves using a dual-buoy observation network X. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rineng.2026.111283
- Variation in the arrival time of internal solitary waves in the northern South China Sea G. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2025.104505
- Construction of a wavefront model for internal solitary waves and its application in the Northern South China Sea Z. Cui et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocemod.2024.102366
14 citations as recorded by crossref.
- ISWNM-NSCS v2.0: advancing the internal solitary wave numerical model with background currents and horizontally inhomogeneous stratifications Y. Gong et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-5413-2025
- Generation characteristics of internal solitary waves in the Northern Andaman sea based on MODIS observations and numerical simulations S. Huang et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2024.1472554
- Internal solitary waves in the Banda Sea, a pathway between Indian and Pacific oceans: Satellite observations and physics-AI hybrid forecasting X. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2025.114733
- Studying the Internal Wave Generation Mechanism in the Northern South China Sea Using Numerical Simulation, Synthetic Aperture Radar, and In Situ Measurements K. Zeng et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16081440
- Automatic identification of internal solitary waves in numerical simulations based on an improved canny algorithm L. Chen et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2025.123275
- Investigation of the Internal Solitary Wave Influence on Subsea Equipment Lowering with a Continuous Lowering Analysis Model M. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13112177
- Predicting ocean parameters with explainable machine learning: Overcoming scale and time challenges A. Durap https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsma.2025.104424
- Investigation of the influence of stratification and background currents on Internal Solitary Waves in the northern South China Sea based on the Wavefront model Z. Cui et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2025.104442
- IW-PPM: A BP neural network model with feature engineering for internal wave propagation prediction in the Northern South China Sea Z. Jiao et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocemod.2026.102746
- Constructing a 22-year internal wave dataset for the northern South China Sea: spatiotemporal analysis using MODIS imagery and deep learning X. Zhang & X. Li https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-5131-2024
- From Sparse Satellite Images to Continuous Visual Sequence: A Collaborative Diffusion Framework for Internal Solitary Waves Z. An et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2026.3689046
- Rapid early warning for internal solitary waves using a dual-buoy observation network X. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rineng.2026.111283
- Variation in the arrival time of internal solitary waves in the northern South China Sea G. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2025.104505
- Construction of a wavefront model for internal solitary waves and its application in the Northern South China Sea Z. Cui et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocemod.2024.102366
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 15 Jun 2026
Short summary
Internal solitary waves (ISWs) play crucial roles in mass transport and ocean mixing in the northern South China Sea. Massive numerical investigations have been conducted in this region, but there was no systematic evaluation of a three-dimensional model about precisely simulating ISWs. Here, an ISW forecasting model is employed to evaluate the roles of resolution, tidal forcing and stratification in accurately reproducing wave properties via comparison to field and remote-sensing observations.
Internal solitary waves (ISWs) play crucial roles in mass transport and ocean mixing in the...
