Articles | Volume 16, issue 7
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-1857-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-1857-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Nudging allows direct evaluation of coupled climate models with in situ observations: a case study from the MOSAiC expedition
Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (AWI), Bremerhaven/Potsdam, Germany
Marylou Athanase
Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (AWI), Bremerhaven/Potsdam, Germany
Sandro Dahlke
Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (AWI), Bremerhaven/Potsdam, Germany
Antonio Sánchez-Benítez
Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (AWI), Bremerhaven/Potsdam, Germany
Matthew D. Shupe
Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Physical Science Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado
Anne Sledd
Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Physical Science Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado
Jan Streffing
Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (AWI), Bremerhaven/Potsdam, Germany
Department of Mathematics and Logistics, Jacobs University Bremen, Bremen, Germany
Gunilla Svensson
Department of Meteorology and Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
Thomas Jung
Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (AWI), Bremerhaven/Potsdam, Germany
Institute of Environmental Physics, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
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Cited
8 citations as recorded by crossref.
- The MOSAiC Distributed Network: Observing the coupled Arctic system with multidisciplinary, coordinated platforms B. Rabe et al. 10.1525/elementa.2023.00103
- Estimation of duration and its changes in Lagrangian observations relying on ice floes in the Arctic Ocean utilizing a sea ice motion product F. Zhang et al. 10.5194/tc-19-3065-2025
- Overview: quasi-Lagrangian observations of Arctic air mass transformations – introduction and initial results of the HALO–(𝒜 𝒞)3 aircraft campaign M. Wendisch et al. 10.5194/acp-24-8865-2024
- Estimation of the radiation budget during MOSAiC based on ground-based and satellite remote sensing observations C. Barrientos-Velasco et al. 10.5194/acp-25-3929-2025
- Physics of the Seasonal Sea Ice Zone L. Roach et al. 10.1146/annurev-marine-121422-015323
- The European summer heatwave of 2019 – a regional storyline perspective T. Klimiuk et al. 10.5194/esd-16-239-2025
- Warm air intrusions reaching the MOSAiC expedition in April 2020—The YOPP targeted observing period (TOP) G. Svensson et al. 10.1525/elementa.2023.00016
- The sensitivity of Southern Ocean atmospheric dimethyl sulfide (DMS) to modeled oceanic DMS concentrations and emissions Y. Bhatti et al. 10.5194/acp-23-15181-2023
6 citations as recorded by crossref.
- The MOSAiC Distributed Network: Observing the coupled Arctic system with multidisciplinary, coordinated platforms B. Rabe et al. 10.1525/elementa.2023.00103
- Estimation of duration and its changes in Lagrangian observations relying on ice floes in the Arctic Ocean utilizing a sea ice motion product F. Zhang et al. 10.5194/tc-19-3065-2025
- Overview: quasi-Lagrangian observations of Arctic air mass transformations – introduction and initial results of the HALO–(𝒜 𝒞)3 aircraft campaign M. Wendisch et al. 10.5194/acp-24-8865-2024
- Estimation of the radiation budget during MOSAiC based on ground-based and satellite remote sensing observations C. Barrientos-Velasco et al. 10.5194/acp-25-3929-2025
- Physics of the Seasonal Sea Ice Zone L. Roach et al. 10.1146/annurev-marine-121422-015323
- The European summer heatwave of 2019 – a regional storyline perspective T. Klimiuk et al. 10.5194/esd-16-239-2025
2 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Warm air intrusions reaching the MOSAiC expedition in April 2020—The YOPP targeted observing period (TOP) G. Svensson et al. 10.1525/elementa.2023.00016
- The sensitivity of Southern Ocean atmospheric dimethyl sulfide (DMS) to modeled oceanic DMS concentrations and emissions Y. Bhatti et al. 10.5194/acp-23-15181-2023
Latest update: 14 Sep 2025
Short summary
Evaluating climate models usually requires long observational time series, but we present a method that also works for short field campaigns. We compare climate model output to observations from the MOSAiC expedition in the central Arctic Ocean. All models show how the arrival of a warm air mass warms the Arctic in April 2020, but two models do not show the response of snow temperature to the diurnal cycle. One model has too little liquid water and too much ice in clouds during cold days.
Evaluating climate models usually requires long observational time series, but we present a...