Articles | Volume 14, issue 11
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-6741-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-6741-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Model description paper
| 
05 Nov 2021
Model description paper |
| 05 Nov 2021
| 05 Nov 2021
Testing stomatal models at the stand level in deciduous angiosperm and evergreen gymnosperm forests using CliMA Land (v0.1)
Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
Philipp Köhler
Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
Liyin He
Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
Russell Doughty
Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
Renato K. Braghiere
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91109, USA
Joint Institute for Regional Earth System Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
Jeffrey D. Wood
School of Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
Christian Frankenberg
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91109, USA
Related authors
Yitong Yao, Philippe Ciais, Emilie Joetzjer, Wei Li, Lei Zhu, Yujie Wang, Christian Frankenberg, and Nicolas Viovy
Earth Syst. Dynam., 15, 763–778, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-15-763-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-15-763-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Elevated CO2 concentration (eCO2) is critical for shaping the future path of forest carbon uptake, while uncertainties remain about concurrent carbon loss. Here, we found that eCO2 might amplify competition-induced carbon loss, while the extent of drought-induced carbon loss hinges on the balance between heightened biomass density and water-saving benefits. This is the first time that such carbon loss responses to ongoing climate change have been quantified separately over the Amazon rainforest.
Russell Doughty, Yujie Wang, Jennifer Johnson, Nicholas Parazoo, Troy Magney, Zoe Pierrat, Xiangming Xiao, Luis Guanter, Philipp Köhler, Christian Frankenberg, Peter Somkuti, Shuang Ma, Yuanwei Qin, Sean Crowell, and Berrien Moore III
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.22541/essoar.168167172.20799710/v1, https://doi.org/10.22541/essoar.168167172.20799710/v1, 2024
Preprint archived
Short summary
Short summary
Here we present a novel model of global photosynthesis, ChloFluo, which uses spaceborne chlorophyll fluorescence to estimate the amount of photosynthetically active radiation absorbed by chlorophyll. Potential uses of our model are to advance our understanding of the timing and magnitude of photosynthesis, its effect on atmospheric carbon dioxide fluxes, and vegetation response to climate events and change.
Ke Liu, Yujie Wang, Troy S. Magney, and Christian Frankenberg
Biogeosciences, 21, 1501–1516, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1501-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1501-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Stomata are pores on leaves that regulate gas exchange between plants and the atmosphere. Existing land models unrealistically assume stomata can jump between steady states when the environment changes. We implemented dynamic modeling to predict gradual stomatal responses at different scales. Results suggested that considering this effect on plant behavior patterns in diurnal cycles was important. Our framework also simplified simulations and can contribute to further efficiency improvements.
Yujie Wang and Christian Frankenberg
Biogeosciences, 19, 4705–4714, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4705-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4705-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Plant hydraulics is often misrepresented in topical research. We highlight the commonly seen ambiguities and/or mistakes, with equations and figures to help visualize the potential biases. We recommend careful thinking when using or modifying existing plant hydraulic terms, methods, and models.
Yujie Wang and Christian Frankenberg
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2022-172, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2022-172, 2022
Revised manuscript not accepted
Short summary
Short summary
Leaf light absorption coefficient is often not measured along with leaf gas exchange, but assumed to be constant. This potentially causes biases in estimated photosynthetic capacity and modeled photosynthetic rates. We explored how leaf light absorption features and light source may impact the photosynthesis modeling, and found that the biases are dependent of model assumptions. Researchers need to be more cautious with these inaccurate assumptions in photosynthesis models.
Russell Doughty, Thomas P. Kurosu, Nicholas Parazoo, Philipp Köhler, Yujie Wang, Ying Sun, and Christian Frankenberg
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 1513–1529, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-1513-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-1513-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We describe and compare solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence data produced by NASA from the Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT) and the Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2) and OCO-3 platforms.
Yujie Wang and Christian Frankenberg
Biogeosciences, 19, 29–45, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-29-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-29-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Modeling vegetation canopy is important in predicting whether the land remains a carbon sink to mitigate climate change in the near future. Vegetation canopy model complexity, however, impacts the model-predicted carbon and water fluxes as well as canopy fluorescence, even if the same suite of model inputs is used. Given the biases caused by canopy model complexity, we recommend not misusing parameters inverted using different models or assumptions.
Russell Doughty, Michael C. Wimberly, Dan Wanyama, Helene Peiro, Nicholas Parazoo, Sean Crowell, and Moses Azong Cho
Biogeosciences, 22, 1985–2004, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-1985-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-1985-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
We find West African solar-induced fluorescence (SIF) increases during the dry season and peaks before precipitation, similar to the Amazon. In central Africa, a continental-scale bimodal SIF seasonality appears; its minimum aligns with precipitation, but its maximum seems less environmentally driven. Notably, differences between SIF and vegetation index (VI) seasonality indicate VI-based photosynthesis estimates may be inaccurate.
Christian Mark Garcia Salvador, Jeffrey D. Wood, Emma Grace Cochran, Hunter A. Seubert, Bella D. Kamplain, Sam S. Overby, Kevin R. Birdwell, Lianhong Gu, and Melanie A. Mayes
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1808, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1808, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Critical volatile organic compounds were continuously measured in a temperate deciduous and juniper forest in the midwestern US using PTR-ToF-MS. The forest included several sources of biogenic compounds and was influenced by short- and long-range transport of anthropogenic emissions. Extreme heat and wildfire emissions impacted the atmospheric conditions of the forest during the field measurement; such emissions are vital phenomena that provide insights into future climate.
Yitong Yao, Philippe Ciais, Emilie Joetzjer, Wei Li, Lei Zhu, Yujie Wang, Christian Frankenberg, and Nicolas Viovy
Earth Syst. Dynam., 15, 763–778, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-15-763-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-15-763-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Elevated CO2 concentration (eCO2) is critical for shaping the future path of forest carbon uptake, while uncertainties remain about concurrent carbon loss. Here, we found that eCO2 might amplify competition-induced carbon loss, while the extent of drought-induced carbon loss hinges on the balance between heightened biomass density and water-saving benefits. This is the first time that such carbon loss responses to ongoing climate change have been quantified separately over the Amazon rainforest.
Juliëtte C. S. Anema, Klaas Folkert Boersma, Piet Stammes, Gerbrand Koren, William Woodgate, Philipp Köhler, Christian Frankenberg, and Jacqui Stol
Biogeosciences, 21, 2297–2311, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2297-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2297-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
To keep the Paris agreement goals within reach, negative emissions are necessary. They can be achieved with mitigation techniques, such as reforestation, which remove CO2 from the atmosphere. While governments have pinned their hopes on them, there is not yet a good set of tools to objectively determine whether negative emissions do what they promise. Here we show how satellite measurements of plant fluorescence are useful in detecting carbon uptake due to reforestation and vegetation regrowth.
Russell Doughty, Yujie Wang, Jennifer Johnson, Nicholas Parazoo, Troy Magney, Zoe Pierrat, Xiangming Xiao, Luis Guanter, Philipp Köhler, Christian Frankenberg, Peter Somkuti, Shuang Ma, Yuanwei Qin, Sean Crowell, and Berrien Moore III
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.22541/essoar.168167172.20799710/v1, https://doi.org/10.22541/essoar.168167172.20799710/v1, 2024
Preprint archived
Short summary
Short summary
Here we present a novel model of global photosynthesis, ChloFluo, which uses spaceborne chlorophyll fluorescence to estimate the amount of photosynthetically active radiation absorbed by chlorophyll. Potential uses of our model are to advance our understanding of the timing and magnitude of photosynthesis, its effect on atmospheric carbon dioxide fluxes, and vegetation response to climate events and change.
Ke Liu, Yujie Wang, Troy S. Magney, and Christian Frankenberg
Biogeosciences, 21, 1501–1516, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1501-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1501-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Stomata are pores on leaves that regulate gas exchange between plants and the atmosphere. Existing land models unrealistically assume stomata can jump between steady states when the environment changes. We implemented dynamic modeling to predict gradual stomatal responses at different scales. Results suggested that considering this effect on plant behavior patterns in diurnal cycles was important. Our framework also simplified simulations and can contribute to further efficiency improvements.
Yuanwei Qin, Xiangming Xiao, Hao Tang, Ralph Dubayah, Russell Doughty, Diyou Liu, Fang Liu, Yosio Shimabukuro, Egidio Arai, Xinxin Wang, and Berrien Moore III
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 321–336, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-321-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-321-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Forest definition has two major biophysical parameters, i.e., canopy height and canopy coverage. However, few studies have assessed forest cover maps in terms of these two parameters at a large scale. Here, we assessed the annual forest cover maps in the Brazilian Amazon using 1.1 million footprints of canopy height and canopy coverage. Over 93 % of our forest cover maps are consistent with the FAO forest definition, showing the high accuracy of these forest cover maps in the Brazilian Amazon.
Alexander J. Norton, A. Anthony Bloom, Nicholas C. Parazoo, Paul A. Levine, Shuang Ma, Renato K. Braghiere, and T. Luke Smallman
Biogeosciences, 20, 2455–2484, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2455-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2455-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study explores how the representation of leaf phenology affects our ability to predict changes to the carbon balance of land ecosystems. We calibrate a new leaf phenology model against a diverse range of observations at six forest sites, showing that it improves the predictive capability of the processes underlying the ecosystem carbon balance. We then show how changes in temperature and rainfall affect the ecosystem carbon balance with this new model.
Vincent Humphrey and Christian Frankenberg
Biogeosciences, 20, 1789–1811, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1789-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1789-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Microwave satellites can be used to monitor how vegetation biomass changes over time or how droughts affect the world's forests. However, such satellite data are still difficult to validate and interpret because of a lack of comparable field observations. Here, we present a remote sensing technique that uses the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) as a makeshift radar, making it possible to observe canopy transmissivity at any existing environmental research site in a cost-efficient way.
Brendan Byrne, Junjie Liu, Yonghong Yi, Abhishek Chatterjee, Sourish Basu, Rui Cheng, Russell Doughty, Frédéric Chevallier, Kevin W. Bowman, Nicholas C. Parazoo, David Crisp, Xing Li, Jingfeng Xiao, Stephen Sitch, Bertrand Guenet, Feng Deng, Matthew S. Johnson, Sajeev Philip, Patrick C. McGuire, and Charles E. Miller
Biogeosciences, 19, 4779–4799, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4779-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4779-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Plants draw CO2 from the atmosphere during the growing season, while respiration releases CO2 to the atmosphere throughout the year, driving seasonal variations in atmospheric CO2 that can be observed by satellites, such as the Orbiting Carbon Observatory 2 (OCO-2). Using OCO-2 XCO2 data and space-based constraints on plant growth, we show that permafrost-rich northeast Eurasia has a strong seasonal release of CO2 during the autumn, hinting at an unexpectedly large respiration signal from soils.
Yujie Wang and Christian Frankenberg
Biogeosciences, 19, 4705–4714, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4705-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4705-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Plant hydraulics is often misrepresented in topical research. We highlight the commonly seen ambiguities and/or mistakes, with equations and figures to help visualize the potential biases. We recommend careful thinking when using or modifying existing plant hydraulic terms, methods, and models.
Yujie Wang and Christian Frankenberg
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2022-172, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2022-172, 2022
Revised manuscript not accepted
Short summary
Short summary
Leaf light absorption coefficient is often not measured along with leaf gas exchange, but assumed to be constant. This potentially causes biases in estimated photosynthetic capacity and modeled photosynthetic rates. We explored how leaf light absorption features and light source may impact the photosynthesis modeling, and found that the biases are dependent of model assumptions. Researchers need to be more cautious with these inaccurate assumptions in photosynthesis models.
Daniel J. Jacob, Daniel J. Varon, Daniel H. Cusworth, Philip E. Dennison, Christian Frankenberg, Ritesh Gautam, Luis Guanter, John Kelley, Jason McKeever, Lesley E. Ott, Benjamin Poulter, Zhen Qu, Andrew K. Thorpe, John R. Worden, and Riley M. Duren
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 9617–9646, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-9617-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-9617-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We review the capability of satellite observations of atmospheric methane to quantify methane emissions on all scales. We cover retrieval methods, precision requirements, inverse methods for inferring emissions, source detection thresholds, and observations of system completeness. We show that current instruments already enable quantification of regional and national emissions including contributions from large point sources. Coverage and resolution will increase significantly in coming years.
Russell Doughty, Thomas P. Kurosu, Nicholas Parazoo, Philipp Köhler, Yujie Wang, Ying Sun, and Christian Frankenberg
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 1513–1529, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-1513-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-1513-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We describe and compare solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence data produced by NASA from the Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT) and the Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2) and OCO-3 platforms.
Johannes Gensheimer, Alexander J. Turner, Philipp Köhler, Christian Frankenberg, and Jia Chen
Biogeosciences, 19, 1777–1793, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1777-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1777-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We develop a convolutional neural network, named SIFnet, that increases the spatial resolution of SIF from TROPOMI by a factor of 10 to a spatial resolution of 0.005°. SIFnet utilizes coarse SIF observations, together with a broad range of high-resolution auxiliary data. The insights gained from interpretable machine learning techniques allow us to make quantitative claims about the relationships between SIF and other common parameters related to photosynthesis.
Yujie Wang and Christian Frankenberg
Biogeosciences, 19, 29–45, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-29-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-29-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Modeling vegetation canopy is important in predicting whether the land remains a carbon sink to mitigate climate change in the near future. Vegetation canopy model complexity, however, impacts the model-predicted carbon and water fluxes as well as canopy fluorescence, even if the same suite of model inputs is used. Given the biases caused by canopy model complexity, we recommend not misusing parameters inverted using different models or assumptions.
Alexander J. Turner, Philipp Köhler, Troy S. Magney, Christian Frankenberg, Inez Fung, and Ronald C. Cohen
Biogeosciences, 18, 6579–6588, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-6579-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-6579-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This work builds a high-resolution estimate (500 m) of gross primary productivity (GPP) over the US using satellite measurements of solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) from the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) between 2018 and 2020. We identify ecosystem-specific scaling factors for estimating gross primary productivity (GPP) from TROPOMI SIF. Extreme precipitation events drive four regional GPP anomalies that account for 28 % of year-to-year GPP differences across the US.
Siraput Jongaramrungruang, Georgios Matheou, Andrew K. Thorpe, Zhao-Cheng Zeng, and Christian Frankenberg
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 14, 7999–8017, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-7999-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-7999-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This study shows how precision error and bias in column methane retrieval change with different instrument specifications and the impact of spectrally complex surface albedos on retrievals. We show how surface interferences can be mitigated with an optimal spectral resolution and a higher polynomial degree in a retrieval process. The findings can inform future satellite instrument designs to have robust observations capable of separating real CH4 plume enhancements from surface interferences.
Luis Guanter, Cédric Bacour, Andreas Schneider, Ilse Aben, Tim A. van Kempen, Fabienne Maignan, Christian Retscher, Philipp Köhler, Christian Frankenberg, Joanna Joiner, and Yongguang Zhang
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 13, 5423–5440, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-5423-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-5423-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) is an electromagnetic signal emitted by plants in the red and far-red parts of the spectrum. It has a functional link to photosynthesis and can be measured by satellite instruments, which makes it an important variable for the remote monitoring of the photosynthetic activity of vegetation ecosystems around the world. In this contribution we present a SIF dataset derived from the new Sentinel-5P TROPOMI missions.
Yi Yin, Frederic Chevallier, Philippe Ciais, Philippe Bousquet, Marielle Saunois, Bo Zheng, John Worden, A. Anthony Bloom, Robert J. Parker, Daniel J. Jacob, Edward J. Dlugokencky, and Christian Frankenberg
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 12631–12647, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-12631-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-12631-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The growth of methane, the second-most important anthropogenic greenhouse gas after carbon dioxide, has been accelerating in recent years. Using an ensemble of multi-tracer atmospheric inversions constrained by surface or satellite observations, we show that global methane emissions increased by nearly 1 % per year from 2010–2017, with leading contributions from the tropics and East Asia.
Jakob Borchardt, Konstantin Gerilowski, Sven Krautwurst, Heinrich Bovensmann, Andrew K. Thorpe, David R. Thompson, Christian Frankenberg, Charles E. Miller, Riley M. Duren, and John Philip Burrows
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 14, 1267–1291, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-1267-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-1267-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The AVIRIS-NG hyperspectral imager has been used successfully to identify and quantify anthropogenic methane sources utilizing different retrieval and inversion methods. Here, we examine the adaption and application of the WFM-DOAS algorithm to AVIRIS-NG measurements to retrieve local methane column enhancements, compare the results with other retrievals, and quantify the uncertainties resulting from the retrieval method. Additionally, we estimate emissions from five detected methane plumes.
Cited articles
Anav, A., Friedlingstein, P., Kidston, M., Bopp, L., Ciais, P., Cox, P., Jones, C., Jung, M., Myneni, R., and Zhu, Z.:
Evaluating the land and ocean components of the global carbon cycle in the CMIP5 earth system models,
J. Climate,
26, 6801–6843, 2013. a
Arora, V. K., Boer, G. J., Friedlingstein, P., Eby, M., Jones, C. D., Christian, J. R., Bonan, G., Bopp, L., Brovkin, V., Cadule, P., Hajima, T., Ilyina, T. Lindsay, K., Tjiputra, J. F., and Wu, T.:
Carbon–concentration and carbon–climate feedbacks in CMIP5 earth system models,
J. Climate,
26, 5289–5314, 2013. a
Badgley, G., Anderegg, L. D., Berry, J. A., and Field, C. B.:
Terrestrial gross primary production: Using NIRV to scale from site to globe,
Glob. Change Biol.,
25, 3731–3740, 2019. a
Baldocchi, D., Falge, E., Gu, L., Olson, R., Hollinger, D., Running, S., Anthoni, P., Bernhofer, C., Davis, K., Evans, R., Fuentes, J., Goldstein, A, Katul, G., Law, B., Lee, X., Malhi, Y., Meyers, T., Munger, W., Oechel, W., Paw U, K. T., Pilegaard, K., Schmid, H. P., Valentini, R., Verma, S., Vesala, T., Wilson, K., and Wofsy, S.:
FLUXNET: A new tool to study the temporal and spatial variability of ecosystem-scale carbon dioxide, water vapor, and energy flux densities, Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 82, 2415–2434, 2001. a
Baldocchi, D. D.:
How eddy covariance flux measurements have contributed to our understanding of
Glob. Change Biol.,
26, 242–260, 2020. a
Ball, J. T., Woodrow, I. E., and Berry, J. A.:
A model predicting stomatal conductance and its contribution to the control of photosynthesis under different environmental conditions,
in: Progress in Photosynthesis Research,
edited by: Biggins, J.,
Springer, Dordrecht, the Netherlands, 221–224, 1987. a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o, p, q
Blanken, P. D., Monson, R. K., Burns, S. P., Bowling, D. R., and Turnipseed, A. A.: AmeriFlux BASE US-NR1 Niwot Ridge Forest (LTER NWT1), Ver. 18-5, AmeriFlux AMP [data set], https://doi.org/10.17190/AMF/1246088, 2021. a
Braghiere, R. K., Quaife, T., Black, E., He, L., and Chen, J.:
Underestimation of global photosynthesis in Earth System Models due to representation of vegetation structure,
Global Biogeochem. Cy.,
33, 1358–1369, 2019. a
Braghiere, R. K., Quaife, T., Black, E., Ryu, Y., Chen, Q., De Kauwe, M. G., and Baldocchi, D.:
Influence of sun zenith angle on canopy clumping and the resulting impacts on photosynthesis,
Agr. Forest Meteorol.,
291, 108065, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2020.108065, 2020. a
Braghiere, R. K., Wang, Y., Doughty, R., Sousa, D., Magney, T. S., Widlowski, J.-L., Longo, M., Bloom, A. A., Worden, J., Gentine, P., and Frankenberg, C.:
Accounting for canopy structure improves hyperspectral radiative transfer and sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence representations in a new generation Earth System model,
Remote Sens. Environ.,
261, 112497, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2021.112497, 2021. a, b
Choat, B., Jansen, S., Brodribb, T. J., Cochard, H., Delzon, S., Bhaskar, R., Bucci, S. J., Feild, T. S., Gleason, S. M., Hacke, U. G., Jacobsen, A. L., Lens, F., Maherali, H., Martínez-Vilalta, J., Mayr, S., Mencuccini, M., Mitchell, P. J., Nardini, A., Pittermann, J., Pratt, R. B., Sperry, J. S., Westoby, M., Wright, I. J., and Zanne, A. E.:
Global convergence in the vulnerability of forests to drought,
Nature,
491, 752–755, 2012. a
Cowan, I. R. and Farquhar, G. D.:
Stomatal function in relation to leaf metabolism and environment,
Sym. Soc. Exp. Biol.,
31, 471–505, 1977. a
De Kauwe, M. G., Kala, J., Lin, Y.-S., Pitman, A. J., Medlyn, B. E., Duursma, R. A., Abramowitz, G., Wang, Y.-P., and Miralles, D. G.: A test of an optimal stomatal conductance scheme within the CABLE land surface model, Geosci. Model Dev., 8, 431–452, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-431-2015, 2015. a, b
Dewar, R., Mauranen, A., Mäkelä, A., Hölttä, T., Medlyn, B., and Vesala, T.:
New insights into the covariation of stomatal, mesophyll and hydraulic conductances from optimization models incorporating nonstomatal limitations to photosynthesis,
New Phytol.,
217, 571–585, 2018. a
Eller, C. B., Rowland, L., Mencuccini, M., Rosas, T., Williams, K., Harper, A., Medlyn, B. E., Wagner, Y., Klein, T., Teodoro, G. S., Oliveira, R. S., Matos, I. S., Rosado, R. H. P., Fuchs, K., Wohlfahrt, G., Montagnani, L., Meir, P., Sitch, S., and Cox, P. M.: Stomatal optimization based on xylem hydraulics (SOX) improves land surface model simulation of vegetation responses to climate,
New Phytol.,
226, 1622–1637, 2020. a, b
Frank, H. A. and Cogdell, R. J.:
Carotenoids in photosynthesis,
Photochem. Photobiol.,
63, 257–264, 1996. a
Frankenberg, C., Fisher, J. B., Worden, J., Badgley, G., Saatchi, S. S., Lee, J.-E., Toon, G. C., Butz, A., Jung, M., Kuze, A., and Yokota, T.:
New global observations of the terrestrial carbon cycle from GOSAT: Patterns of plant fluorescence with gross primary productivity,
Geophys. Res. Lett.,
38, L17706, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011GL048738, 2011. a
Friedlingstein, P., O'Sullivan, M., Jones, M. W., Andrew, R. M., Hauck, J., Olsen, A., Peters, G. P., Peters, W., Pongratz, J., Sitch, S., Le Quéré, C., Canadell, J. G., Ciais, P., Jackson, R. B., Alin, S., Aragão, L. E. O. C., Arneth, A., Arora, V., Bates, N. R., Becker, M., Benoit-Cattin, A., Bittig, H. C., Bopp, L., Bultan, S., Chandra, N., Chevallier, F., Chini, L. P., Evans, W., Florentie, L., Forster, P. M., Gasser, T., Gehlen, M., Gilfillan, D., Gkritzalis, T., Gregor, L., Gruber, N., Harris, I., Hartung, K., Haverd, V., Houghton, R. A., Ilyina, T., Jain, A. K., Joetzjer, E., Kadono, K., Kato, E., Kitidis, V., Korsbakken, J. I., Landschützer, P., Lefèvre, N., Lenton, A., Lienert, S., Liu, Z., Lombardozzi, D., Marland, G., Metzl, N., Munro, D. R., Nabel, J. E. M. S., Nakaoka, S.-I., Niwa, Y., O'Brien, K., Ono, T., Palmer, P. I., Pierrot, D., Poulter, B., Resplandy, L., Robertson, E., Rödenbeck, C., Schwinger, J., Séférian, R., Skjelvan, I., Smith, A. J. P., Sutton, A. J., Tanhua, T., Tans, P. P., Tian, H., Tilbrook, B., van der Werf, G., Vuichard, N., Walker, A. P., Wanninkhof, R., Watson, A. J., Willis, D., Wiltshire, A. J., Yuan, W., Yue, X., and Zaehle, S.: Global Carbon Budget 2020, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 12, 3269–3340, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-3269-2020, 2020. a
Gu, L., Pallardy, S. G., Hosman, K. P., and Sun, Y.: Drought-influenced mortality of tree species with different predawn leaf water dynamics in a decade-long study of a central US forest, Biogeosciences, 12, 2831–2845, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-2831-2015, 2015. a, b
Hartmann, H., Adams, H. D., Anderegg, W. R. L., Jansen, S., and Zeppel, M. J. B.:
Research frontiers in drought-induced tree mortality: Crossing scales and disciplines,
New Phytol.,
205, 965–969, 2015. a
IPCC:
Climate change 2014: Synthesis report. Contribution of working groups I, II and III to the fifth assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change,
IPCC, Geneva, Switzerland, 2014. a
Jacquemoud, S. and Baret, F.:
PROSPECT: A model of leaf optical properties spectra,
Remote Sens. Environ.,
34, 75–91, 1990. a
Jacquemoud, S., Verhoef, W., Baret, F., Bacour, C., Zarco-Tejada, P. J., Asner, G. P., François, C., and Ustin, S. L.:
PROSPECT+ SAIL models: A review of use for vegetation characterization,
Remote Sens. Environ.,
113, S56–S66, 2009. a
Jones, C., Robertson, E., Arora, V., Friedlingstein, P., Shevliakova, E., Bopp, L., Brovkin, V., Hajima, T., Kato, E., Kawamiya, M., and Tjiputra, J.:
Twenty-first-century compatible CO2 emissions and airborne fraction simulated by CMIP5 earth system models under four representative concentration pathways,
J. Climate,
26, 4398–4413, 2013. a
Jung, M., Schwalm, C., Migliavacca, M., Walther, S., Camps-Valls, G., Koirala, S., Anthoni, P., Besnard, S., Bodesheim, P., Carvalhais, N., Chevallier, F., Gans, F., Goll, D. S., Haverd, V., Köhler, P., Ichii, K., Jain, A. K., Liu, J., Lombardozzi, D., Nabel, J. E. M. S., Nelson, J. A., O'Sullivan, M., Pallandt, M., Papale, D., Peters, W., Pongratz, J., Rödenbeck, C., Sitch, S., Tramontana, G., Walker, A., Weber, U., and Reichstein, M.: Scaling carbon fluxes from eddy covariance sites to globe: synthesis and evaluation of the FLUXCOM approach, Biogeosciences, 17, 1343–1365, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1343-2020, 2020. a
Kannenberg, S. A., Novick, K. A., and Phillips, R. P.:
Anisohydric behavior linked to persistent hydraulic damage and delayed drought recovery across seven North American tree species,
New Phytol.,
222, 1862–1872, 2019. a
Kodis, G., Herrero, C., Palacios, R., Marino-Ochoa, E., Gould, S., De La Garza, L., Van Grondelle, R., Gust, D., Moore, T. A., Moore, A. L., and Kennis, J. T. M.:
Light harvesting and photoprotective functions of carotenoids in compact artificial photosynthetic antenna designs,
J. Phys. Chem. B,
108, 414–425, 2004. a
Köhler, P., Frankenberg, C., Magney, T. S., Guanter, L., Joiner, J., and Landgraf, J.:
Global retrievals of solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence with TROPOMI: First results and intersensor comparison to OCO-2,
Geophys. Res. Lett.,
45, 10,456–10,463, 2018. a
Koyama, Y., Rondonuwu, F. S., Fujii, R., and Watanabe, Y.:
Light-harvesting function of carotenoids in photo-synthesis: The roles of the newly found 11B state,
Biopolymers,
74, 2–18, 2004. a
Lavigne, M. and Ryan, M.:
Growth and maintenance respiration rates of aspen, black spruce and jack pine stems at northern and southern BOREAS sites,
Tree Physiol.,
17, 543–551, 1997. a
Le Quéré, C., Andrew, R. M., Friedlingstein, P., Sitch, S., Pongratz, J., Manning, A. C., Korsbakken, J. I., Peters, G. P., Canadell, J. G., Jackson, R. B., Boden, T. A., Tans, P. P., Andrews, O. D., Arora, V. K., Bakker, D. C. E., Barbero, L., Becker, M., Betts, R. A., Bopp, L., Chevallier, F., Chini, L. P., Ciais, P., Cosca, C. E., Cross, J., Currie, K., Gasser, T., Harris, I., Hauck, J., Haverd, V., Houghton, R. A., Hunt, C. W., Hurtt, G., Ilyina, T., Jain, A. K., Kato, E., Kautz, M., Keeling, R. F., Klein Goldewijk, K., Körtzinger, A., Landschützer, P., Lefèvre, N., Lenton, A., Lienert, S., Lima, I., Lombardozzi, D., Metzl, N., Millero, F., Monteiro, P. M. S., Munro, D. R., Nabel, J. E. M. S., Nakaoka, S., Nojiri, Y., Padin, X. A., Peregon, A., Pfeil, B., Pierrot, D., Poulter, B., Rehder, G., Reimer, J., Rödenbeck, C., Schwinger, J., Séférian, R., Skjelvan, I., Stocker, B. D., Tian, H., Tilbrook, B., Tubiello, F. N., van der Laan-Luijkx, I. T., van der Werf, G. R., van Heuven, S., Viovy, N., Vuichard, N., Walker, A. P., Watson, A. J., Wiltshire, A. J., Zaehle, S., and Zhu, D.: Global Carbon Budget 2017, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 10, 405–448, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-10-405-2018, 2018. a
Leuning, R.:
A critical appraisal of a combined stomatal-photosynthesis model for C3 plants,
Plant Cell Environ.,
18, 339–355, 1995. a
Liu, Y., Kumar, M., Katul, G. G., Feng, X., and Konings, A. G.:
Plant hydraulics accentuates the effect of atmospheric moisture stress on transpiration,
Nat. Clim. Change,
10, 691–695, 2020. a
Medlyn, B. E., Duursma, R. A., Eamus, D., Ellsworth, D. S., Prentice, I. C., Barton, C. V. M., Crous, K. Y., de Angelis, P., Freeman, M., and Wingate, L.:
Reconciling the optimal and empirical approaches to modelling stomatal conductance,
Glob. Change Biol.,
17, 2134–2144, 2011. a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o, p, q
Mello, C. R. d., Oliveira, G. C. d., Ferreira, D. F., Lima, J. M. d., and Lopes, D.:
Modelos para determinação dos parâmetros da equação de van Genuchten para um Cambissolo,
Rev. Bras. Eng. Agr. Amb.,
9, 23–29, 2005. a
Mencuccini, M., Manzoni, S., and Christoffersen, B.:
Modelling water fluxes in plants: From tissues to biosphere,
New Phytol.,
222, 1207–1222, 2019. a
Pinty, B., Lavergne, T., Dickinson, R., Widlowski, J.-L., Gobron, N., and Verstraete, M.:
Simplifying the interaction of land surfaces with radiation for relating remote sensing products to climate models,
J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.,
111, D02116, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JD005952, 2006. a
Porcar-Castell, A.:
A high-resolution portrait of the annual dynamics of photochemical and non-photochemical quenching in needles of Pinus sylvestris,
Physiol. Plantarum,
143, 139–153, 2011. a
Powell, T. L., Galbraith, D. R., Christoffersen, B. O., Harper, A., Imbuzeiro, H., Rowland, L., Almeida, S., Brando, P. M., Costa, A. C. L., Costa, M. H., and Moorcroft, P. R.:
Confronting model predictions of carbon fluxes with measurements of Amazon forests subjected to experimental drought,
New Phytol.,
200, 350–365, 2013. a, b
Raczka, B., Porcar-Castell, A., Magney, T., Lee, J., Köhler, P., Frankenberg, C., Grossmann, K., Logan, B., Stutz, J., Blanken, P., Burns, S. P., Duarte, H., Yang, X., Lin, J. C., and Bowling, D. R.:
Sustained nonphotochemical quenching shapes the seasonal pattern of solar-induced fluorescence at a high-elevation evergreen forest,
J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeo.,
124, 2005–2020, 2019. a
Schimel, D., Pavlick, R., Fisher, J. B., Asner, G. P., Saatchi, S., Townsend, P., Miller, C., Frankenberg, C., Hibbard, K., and Cox, P.:
Observing terrestrial ecosystems and the carbon cycle from space,
Glob. Change Biol.,
21, 1762–1776, 2015. a
Schimel, D., Schneider, F. D., Carbon, J., and Participants, E.:
Flux towers in the sky: global ecology from space,
New Phytol.,
224, 570–584, 2019. a
Sperry, J. S. and Love, D. M.:
What plant hydraulics can tell us about responses to climate-change droughts,
New Phytol.,
207, 14–27, 2015. a
Sperry, J. S. and Tyree, M. T.:
Mechanism of water stress-induced xylem embolism,
Plant Physiol.,
88, 581–587, 1988. a
Sperry, J. S., Wang, Y., Wolfe, B. T., Mackay, D. S., Anderegg, W. R. L., McDowell, N. G., and Pockman, W. T.:
Pragmatic hydraulic theory predicts stomatal responses to climatic water deficits,
New Phytol.,
212, 577–589, 2016. a
Sproull, G. J.:
Long-term changes in four plant communities along an elevational gradient in the front range of Colorado,
PhD thesis,
University of Denver, Denver, Colorado, USA, 2014. a
Sun, Y., Frankenberg, C., Jung, M., Joiner, J., Guanter, L., Köhler, P., and Magney, T.:
Overview of Solar-Induced chlorophyll Fluorescence (SIF) from the Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2: Retrieval, cross-mission comparison, and global monitoring for GPP,
Remote Sens. Environ.,
209, 808–823, 2018. a
Tai, X., Mackay, D. S., Ewers, B. E., Parsekian, A. D., Beverly, D., Speckman, H., Brooks, P. D., and Anderegg, W. R.:
Plant hydraulic stress explained tree mortality and tree size explained beetle attack in a mixed conifer forest,
J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeo.,
124, 3555–3568, 2019. a
Tomaszewski, T. and Sievering, H.:
Canopy uptake of atmospheric N deposition at a conifer forest: Part II- response of chlorophyll fluorescence and gas exchange parameters,
Tellus B,
59, 493–501, 2007. a
Vilfan, N., Van der Tol, C., Muller, O., Rascher, U., and Verhoef, W.:
Fluspect-B: A model for leaf fluorescence, reflectance and transmittance spectra,
Remote Sens. Environ.,
186, 596–615, 2016. a
Wang, Y.: Test CliMA Land model with flux tower and TROPOMI SIF datasets,
Zenodo [code], https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4762775, 2021a. a, b
Wang, Y.: Artifacts of GriddingMachine.jl (v0.2) for land modeling (Version 0.2), CaltechDATA [data set], https://doi.org/10.22002/D1.2129, 2021. a
Wang, Y. and Frankenberg, C.: On the impact of canopy model complexity on simulated carbon, water, and solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence fluxes, Biogeosciences Discuss. [preprint], https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2021-214, in review, 2021. a
Wang, Y., Anderegg, W. R., Venturas, M. D., Trugman, A. T., Yu, K., and Frankenberg, C.:
Optimization theory explains nighttime stomatal responses,
New Phytol.,
230, 1550–1561, 2021. a
Wood, J. and Gu, L.: AmeriFlux BASE US-MOz Missouri Ozark Site, Ver. 9-5, AmeriFlux AMP [data set], https://doi.org/10.17190/AMF/1246081, 2021. a
Yang, B., Hanson, P. J., Riggs, J. S., Pallardy, S. G., Heuer, M., Hosman, K. P., Meyers, T. P., Wullschleger, S. D., and Gu, L.-H.:
Biases of CO2 storage in eddy flux measurements in a forest pertinent to vertical configurations of a profile system and CO2 density averaging,
J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.,
112, 2007. a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h
Yuan, H., Dai, Y., and Li, S.: Reprocessed MODIS Version 6 Leaf Area Index data sets for land surface and climate modelling, Sun Yat-sun University [data set], available at: http://globalchange.bnu.edu.cn/research/laiv6, last access: 8 July 2020. a
Zarter, C. R., Adams III, W. W., Ebbert, V., Cuthbertson, D. J., Adamska, I., and Demmig-Adams, B.:
Winter down-regulation of intrinsic photosynthetic capacity coupled with up-regulation of Elip-like proteins and persistent energy dissipation in a subalpine forest,
New Phytol.,
172, 272–282, 2006. a
Zhou, S., Medlyn, B., Sabaté, S., Sperlich, D., and Prentice, I. C.:
Short-term water stress impacts on stomatal, mesophyll and biochemical limitations to photosynthesis differ consistently among tree species from contrasting climates,
Tree Physiol.,
34, 1035–1046, 2014. a
Zhou, S., Medlyn, B. E., and Prentice, I. C.:
Long-term water stress leads to acclimation of drought sensitivity of photosynthetic capacity in xeric but not riparian Eucalyptus species,
Ann. Bot.-London,
117, 133–144, 2016. a
Short summary
We present the first step in testing a new land model as part of a new Earth system model. Our model links plant hydraulics, stomatal optimization theory, and a comprehensive canopy radiation scheme. We compared model-predicted carbon and water fluxes to flux tower observations and model-predicted sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence to satellite retrievals. Our model quantitatively predicted the carbon and water fluxes as well as the canopy fluorescence yield.
We present the first step in testing a new land model as part of a new Earth system model. Our...
