Geoscientific Model Development
Geoscientific Model Development
GMD
Articles | Volume 19, issue 16
Articles | Volume 19, issue 16
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-7893-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-7893-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 19, issue 16
Development and technical paper
 | 
25 Aug 2026
Development and technical paper |  | 25 Aug 2026

Paleoclimate data assimilation with adaptive observation error inflation and adaptive localization

Ge Luo, Yuefei Zeng, Feng Zhu, and Jiuwei Zhao

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Short summary
Reconstructing past temperatures from sparse coral records is challenging. We developed two adaptive methods to improve how model simulations are combined with proxy data. The first adjusts trust in each record based on model consistency; the second adapts how far each record influences the reconstruction. Our approach improved accuracy and better captured El Niño–Southern Oscillation patterns, especially in data‑poor regions. These strategies enable more reliable climate reconstructions
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