Articles | Volume 19, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-621-2026
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-621-2026
Development and technical paper
 | 
21 Jan 2026
Development and technical paper |  | 21 Jan 2026

Threshold atmospheric electric fields for initiating relativistic runaway electron avalanches: theoretical estimates and CORSIKA simulations

Ashot Chilingarian, Liza Hovhannisyan, and Mary Zazyan

Cited articles

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Alexeenko, V. V., Khaerdinov, N. S., Lidvansky, A. S., and Petkov, V. B.: Transient variations of secondary cosmic rays due to atmospheric electric field and evidence for pre-lightning particle acceleration, Phys. Lett. A, 301, 299–306, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0375-9601(02)00981-7, 2002. 
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Babich, L. P., Donskoy, E. N., Kutsyk, I. M., and Kudryavtsev, A. Y.: Comparison of relativistic runaway electron avalanche rates obtained from Monte Carlo simulations and kinetic equation solution, IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci., 29, 430–438, https://doi.org/10.1109/27.928940, 2001. 
Buitink, S., Huege, T., Falcke, H., Heck, D., and Kuijpers, J.: Monte Carlo simulations of air showers in atmospheric electric fields, Astropart. Phys., 33, 1–10, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.astropartphys.2009.10.006, 2009. 
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Short summary
Thunderstorms can accelerate particles in the atmosphere, producing bursts of radiation at the ground. We investigated how strong the electric field inside a cloud must be to start such events. Using advanced computer simulations and comparing with measurements from mountain stations, we found that fields must be stronger than earlier theory suggested. Our results improve understanding of storm electricity and its role in natural radiation.
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