From single storms to large-scale waves: a multi-year kilometer-scale global simulation

Prein, Andreas F.; Pothapakula, Praveen K.; Zeman, Christian; Lalonde, Morgane; Rixen, Marius; Dipankar, Anurag; Leclair, Matthieu; Jocksch, Andreas

doi:10.5194/gmd-19-5277-2026

Articles | Volume 19, issue 12

https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-5277-2026

© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-5277-2026

© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Articles | Volume 19, issue 12

Model evaluation paper

|

19 Jun 2026

Model evaluation paper |

| 19 Jun 2026

From single storms to large-scale waves: a multi-year kilometer-scale global simulation

Andreas F. Prein, Praveen K. Pothapakula, Christian Zeman, Morgane Lalonde, Marius Rixen, Anurag Dipankar, Matthieu Leclair, and Andreas Jocksch

Supplement

https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-5277-2026-supplement

Data sets

Data used in the publication:Prein, A.F., Pothapakula, P., Zeman, C., Lalonde, M. and Rixen, M., 2026. From Single Storms to Global Waves: A Global 2.5 km ICON Simulation of Weather and Climate Andreas Prein https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.31341982.v2

ERA5 hourly data on single levels from 1940 to present H. Hersbach et al. https://doi.org/10.24381/cds.adbb2d47

GPM IMERG Final Precipitation L3 Half Hourly 0.1 degree x 0.1 degree V07 G. J. Huffman et al. https://doi.org/10.5067/GPM/IMERG/3B-HH/07

NCEP/CPC L3 Half Hourly 4km Global (60S - 60N) Merged IR V1 John Janowiak et al. https://doi.org/10.5067/P4HZB9N27EKU

FLUXNET2015 FI-Sod Sodankyla M. Aurela et al. https://doi.org/10.18140/FLX/1440160

International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship (IBTrACS) Project, Version 4.01 Jennifer Gahtan et al. https://doi.org/10.25921/82ty-9e16

Model code and software

EXCLAIM use cases A. Dipankar https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17255275

andreas-prein/icon2.5_dyamond3_paper: ETH_ICON_DYAMOND3_release Andreas Prein https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18648539

Short summary

We produce one of the world's most detailed global weather and climate simulations, spanning 4 years and enabling the direct representation of storms rather than approximations. This allows the capture of dangerous events such as strong wind gusts, heavy rain, and powerful tropical and mid-latitude storms everywhere on Earth. Our results show major improvements over traditional climate models, but also reveal remaining challenges in representing large, organized storm systems in the tropics.