Articles | Volume 19, issue 9
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-3725-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-3725-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Development and technical paper
| 
08 May 2026
Development and technical paper |
| 08 May 2026
| 08 May 2026
Stratospheric aerosol forcing for CMIP7 – Part 1: optical properties for pre-industrial, historical, and scenario simulations
Thomas J. Aubry
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Penryn, UK
now at: Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
Matthew Toohey
Institute of Space and Atmospheric Studies, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, S7N 5A2, Canada
Sujan Khanal
Institute of Space and Atmospheric Studies, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, S7N 5A2, Canada
Man Mei Chim
Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
Magali Verkerk
Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Penryn, UK
now at: Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
Ben Johnson
Met Office Hadley Centre, Exeter, UK
Anja Schmidt
Institute of Atmospheric Physics (IPA), German Aerospace Center (DLR), Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany
Meteorological Institute, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
Mahesh Kovilakam
NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia, USA
ADNET Systems Inc, Bethesda, MD, USA
Michael Sigl
Institute of History & Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
now at: NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ, USA
Zebedee Nicholls
Climate Resource, Berlin, Germany
Energy, Climate and Environment Program, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), 2361 Laxenburg, Austria
School of Geography, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Larry Thomason
NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia, USA
retired
Vaishali Naik
NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ, USA
Landon Rieger
Environment and Climate Change Canada, Victoria BC, CA
Dominik Stiller
Department of Atmospheric and Climate Science, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
Elisa Ziegler
Department of Geosciences, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
Paul Durack
Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison (PCMDI), Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA
Oceans Institute, University of Western Australia, 64 Fairway, Crawley, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
Department of Water and Environmental Regulation, Prime House, 8 Davidson Terrace, Joondalup, WA 6919, Australia
Isabel H. Smith
Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Penryn, UK
now at: Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
Data sets
Scripts and source datasets for CMIP7 stratospheric aerosol forcing datasets (v2.2.1) (version 2.2.1). Thomas J. Aubry https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17295697
CMIP7 historical stratospheric aerosol optical properties and stratospheric volcanic sulfur emissions: version 2.2.1 dataset and preliminary documentation (version 2.2.1) Aubry and CMIP Climate Forcing Task Team - Stratospheric aerosol team https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15556388
Model code and software
Scripts and source datasets for CMIP7 stratospheric aerosol forcing datasets (v2.2.1) (version 2.2.1). Thomas J. Aubry https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17295697
Short summary
Climate forcings, such as solar radiation or anthropogenic greenhouse gases, are required to run global climate model simulations. Stratospheric aerosols, which mostly originate from large volcanic eruptions, are a key natural forcing. In this paper, we document the stratospheric aerosol forcing dataset that will feed the next generation (CMIP7) of climate models. Our dataset is very different from its predecessor (CMIP6), which might affect simulations of the 1850–2021 climate.
Climate forcings, such as solar radiation or anthropogenic greenhouse gases, are required to run...
