Articles | Volume 19, issue 7
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-2821-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-2821-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Model experiment description paper
| Highlight paper
| 
14 Apr 2026
Model experiment description paper | Highlight paper |
| 14 Apr 2026
| 14 Apr 2026
The Destination Earth digital twin for climate change adaptation
Francisco J. Doblas-Reyes
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
ICREA, Barcelona, Spain
Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain
Jenni Kontkanen
CSC – IT Center for Science, Espoo, Finland
Irina Sandu
European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Bonn, Germany
Mario Acosta
Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain
Mohammed Hussam Al Turjmam
Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Bremerhaven, Germany
Ivan Alsina-Ferrer
Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain
Miguel Andrés-Martínez
Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Bremerhaven, Germany
Costanza Anerdi
Department of Environment, Land and Infrastructure Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
Leo Arriola
Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain
Marvin Axness
Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain
Marc Batlle Martín
Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain
Peter Bauer
Max Planck Institute for Meteorology, Hamburg, Germany
Tobias Becker
European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Bonn, Germany
Daniel Beltrán
Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain
Sebastian Beyer
Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Bremerhaven, Germany
Hendryk Bockelmann
German Climate Computing Center (DKRZ), Hamburg, Germany
Pierre-Antoine Bretonnière
Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain
Sebastien Cabaniols
EMEA Research Lab, Hewlett Packard Enterprise, Grenoble, France
Silvia Caprioli
Department of Environment, Land and Infrastructure Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
Miguel Castrillo
Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain
Aparna Chandrasekar
Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
now at: Bundesanstalt für Gewässerkunde (BfG), Koblenz, Germany
Suvarchal Cheedela
Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Bremerhaven, Germany
Victor Correal
Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain
Emanuele Danovaro
European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Bonn, Germany
Paolo Davini
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Scienze dell'Atmosfera e del Clima (CNR-ISAC), Torino, Italy
Jussi Enkovaara
CSC – IT Center for Science, Espoo, Finland
Claudia Frauen
German Climate Computing Center (DKRZ), Hamburg, Germany
Barbara Früh
Deutscher Wetterdienst, Offenbach, Germany
Aina Gaya Àvila
Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain
Paolo Ghinassi
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Scienze dell'Atmosfera e del Clima (CNR-ISAC), Torino, Italy
Rohit Ghosh
Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Bremerhaven, Germany
Supriyo Ghosh
Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain
Iker González
Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain
Katherine Grayson
Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain
Matthew Griffith
European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), Reading, UK
Ioan Hadade
European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Bonn, Germany
Christopher Haine
EMEA Research Lab, Hewlett Packard Enterprise, Grenoble, France
Carl Hartick
Deutscher Wetterdienst, Offenbach, Germany
Utz-Uwe Haus
EMEA Research Lab, Hewlett Packard Enterprise, Grenoble, France
Shane Hearne
Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain
Heikki Järvinen
Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Bernat Jiménez
Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain
now at: Instituto de Geociencias (IGEO), CSIC-UCM, Madrid, Spain
Amal John
Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Bremerhaven, Germany
Marlin Juchem
Deutscher Wetterdienst, Offenbach, Germany
now at: German Aerospace Center (DLR), Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany
Thomas Jung
Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Bremerhaven, Germany
Jessica Kegel
Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Bremerhaven, Germany
Matthias Kelbling
Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
Kai Keller
Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain
Bruno Kinoshita
Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain
Theresa Kiszler
CSC – IT Center for Science, Espoo, Finland
Daniel Klocke
Max Planck Institute for Meteorology, Hamburg, Germany
Lukas Kluft
Max Planck Institute for Meteorology, Hamburg, Germany
Nikolay Koldunov
Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Bremerhaven, Germany
Tobias Kölling
Max Planck Institute for Meteorology, Hamburg, Germany
Joonas Kolstela
Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
Luis Kornblueh
Max Planck Institute for Meteorology, Hamburg, Germany
Sergey Kosukhin
Max Planck Institute for Meteorology, Hamburg, Germany
Aleksander Lacima-Nadolnik
Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain
Jeisson Javier Leal Rojas
Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
Jonni Lehtiranta
Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
Tuomas Lunttila
CSC – IT Center for Science, Espoo, Finland
Anna Luoma
CSC – IT Center for Science, Espoo, Finland
Pekka Manninen
CSC – IT Center for Science, Espoo, Finland
Alexey Medvedev
Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain
Sebastian Milinski
European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Bonn, Germany
Ali Mohammed
EMEA Research Lab, Hewlett Packard Enterprise, Grenoble, France
Sebastian Müller
Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
Devaraju Naryanappa
CSC – IT Center for Science, Espoo, Finland
Natalia Nazarova
Department of Environment, Land and Infrastructure Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
Sami Niemelä
Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
Bimochan Niraula
Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Bremerhaven, Germany
now at: German Climate Computing Center (DKRZ), Hamburg, Germany
Henrik Nortamo
CSC – IT Center for Science, Espoo, Finland
Aleksi Nummelin
Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
Matteo Nurisso
Department of Environment, Land and Infrastructure Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Scienze dell'Atmosfera e del Clima (CNR-ISAC), Torino, Italy
Pablo Ortega
Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain
Stella Paronuzzi
Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain
now at: Mercator Ocean International (MOi), Toulouse, France
Xabier Pedruzo-Bagazgoitia
European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Bonn, Germany
Charles Pelletier
European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Bonn, Germany
Carlos Peña
Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain
Suraj Polade
Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
Himansu Kesari Pradhan
Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Bremerhaven, Germany
Rommel Quintanilla
Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain
Tiago Quintino
European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), Reading, UK
Thomas Rackow
European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Bonn, Germany
Jouni Räisänen
Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Maqsood Mubarak Rajput
Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Bremerhaven, Germany
René Redler
Max Planck Institute for Meteorology, Hamburg, Germany
Balthasar Reuter
European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Bonn, Germany
Nuno Rocha Monteiro
Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain
Francesc Roura-Adserias
Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain
Silva Ruppert
Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Bremerhaven, Germany
Susan Sayed
Deutscher Wetterdienst, Offenbach, Germany
Reiner Schnur
Max Planck Institute for Meteorology, Hamburg, Germany
Tanvi Sharma
Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Bremerhaven, Germany
now at: Siemens AG, Berlin, Germany
Dmitry Sidorenko
Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Bremerhaven, Germany
Outi Sievi-Korte
CSC – IT Center for Science, Espoo, Finland
Albert Soret
Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain
Christian Steger
Deutscher Wetterdienst, Offenbach, Germany
Bjorn Stevens
Max Planck Institute for Meteorology, Hamburg, Germany
Jan Streffing
Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Bremerhaven, Germany
Jaleena Sunny
Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Bremerhaven, Germany
now at: Swiss Seismological Service (SED) – ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
Luiggi Tenorio
Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain
Stephan Thober
Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
Ulf Tigerstedt
CSC – IT Center for Science, Espoo, Finland
Oriol Tinto
Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain
Juha Tonttila
CSC – IT Center for Science, Espoo, Finland
Heikki Tuomenvirta
Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
Lauri Tuppi
Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Ginka Van Thielen
Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain
Emanuele Vitali
CSC – IT Center for Science, Espoo, Finland
Jost von Hardenberg
Department of Environment, Land and Infrastructure Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
Ingo Wagner
Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain
Nils Wedi
European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Bonn, Germany
Jan Wehner
Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Bremerhaven, Germany
Sven Willner
Max Planck Institute for Meteorology, Hamburg, Germany
Xavier Yepes-Arbós
Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain
Florian Ziemen
German Climate Computing Center (DKRZ), Hamburg, Germany
Janos Zimmermann
German Climate Computing Center (DKRZ), Hamburg, Germany
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Editorial statement
Destination Earth is a breakthrough in the fidelity and scale of climate simulation. The simulation data this makes available, and the recurrent simulation approach to working with the vast quantity of data generated by very high resolution climate simulations, will change this field for ever. The result will be more accurate and fine-grained climate science far better able to inform policy and decision-making than has hitherto been possible.
Destination Earth is a breakthrough in the fidelity and scale of climate simulation. The...
Short summary
The Climate Change Adaptation Digital Twin (Climate DT) pioneers the operationalisation of global climate projections. It produces global simulations with local granularity for adaptation decision-making. Applications are embedded to generate tailored indicators. A unified workflow orchestrates all components in several supercomputers. Data management ensures consistency and streaming enables real-time use. It is a complementary innovation to initiatives like CMIP, CORDEX, and climate services.
The Climate Change Adaptation Digital Twin (Climate DT) pioneers the operationalisation of...
