Articles | Volume 19, issue 7
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-2799-2026
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-2799-2026
Model description paper
 | 
13 Apr 2026
Model description paper |  | 13 Apr 2026

High-performance coupled surface-subsurface flow simulation with SERGHEI-SWE-RE

Na Zheng, Zhi Li, Gregor Rickert, Mario Morales-Hernández, Ilhan Özgen-Xian, and Daniel Caviedes-Voullième

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SERGHEI v2.0: introducing a performance-portable, high-performance, three-dimensional variably saturated subsurface flow solver (SERGHEI-RE)
Zhi Li, Gregor Rickert, Na Zheng, Zhibo Zhang, Ilhan Özgen-Xian, and Daniel Caviedes-Voullième
Geosci. Model Dev., 18, 547–562, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-547-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-547-2025, 2025
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Cited articles

Ala-aho, P., Rossi, P. M., Isokangas, E., and Kløve, B.: Fully integrated surface–subsurface flow modelling of groundwater–lake interaction in an esker aquifer: Model verification with stable isotopes and airborne thermal imaging, J. Hydrol., 522, 391–406, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.12.054, 2015. a
Aliyari, F., Bailey, R. T., Tasdighi, A., Dozier, A., Arabi, M., and Zeiler, K.: Coupled SWAT-MODFLOW model for large-scale mixed agro-urban river basins, Environ. Model. Softw., 115, 200–210, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2019.02.014, 2019. a
Autio, A., Ala-Aho, P., Rossi, P. M., Ronkanen, A.-K., Aurela, M., Lohila, A., Korpelainen, P., Kumpula, T., Klöve, B., and Marttila, H.: Groundwater exfiltration pattern determination in the sub-arctic catchment using thermal imaging, stable water isotopes and fully-integrated groundwater-surface water modelling, J. Hydrol., 626, 130342, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2023.130342, 2023. a
Beegum, S., Simunek, J., Szymkiewicz, A., Sudheer, K. P., and Nambi, I. M.: Updating the coupling algorithm between HYDRUS and MODFLOW in the HYDRUS package for MODFLOW, Vadose Zone J., 17, https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2018.02.0034, 2018. a, b
Bhanja, S. N., Coon, E. T., Lu, D., and Painter, S. L.: Evaluation of distributed process-based hydrologic model performance using only a priori information to define model inputs, J. Hydrol., 618, 129176, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2023.129176, 2023. a
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Short summary
This study introduces a computer model that simulates water flow both on the land surface and underground, and their interaction. The model can run efficiently on many kinds of computers, and its design lets each part update at its own pace to save time. In the tests performed, the model's results matched those from well-known tools in the field. Overall, the model offers a fast, flexible, and scalable way to study combined surface and groundwater behavior.
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