Prognostic simulations of mixed-phase clouds with model AC-1D v1.0: the impact of aerosol types and freezing parameterizations on ice crystal budgets

Sun, Yijia; Fridlind, Ann M.; Silber, Israel; Riemer, Nicole; Knopf, Daniel A.

doi:10.5194/gmd-19-1581-2026

Articles | Volume 19, issue 4

https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-1581-2026

© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-1581-2026

© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Articles | Volume 19, issue 4

Model description paper

|

26 Feb 2026

Model description paper |

| 26 Feb 2026

Prognostic simulations of mixed-phase clouds with model AC-1D v1.0: the impact of aerosol types and freezing parameterizations on ice crystal budgets

Yijia Sun, Ann M. Fridlind, Israel Silber, Nicole Riemer, and Daniel A. Knopf

Supplement

https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-1581-2026-supplement

Data sets

Output data from simulations supporting "Prognostic simulations of mixed-phase clouds with model 1D-AC v1.0: The impact of freezing parameterizations on ice crystal budgets" Y. Sun et al. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16413525

Model code and software

Model code and sensitivity tests supporting "Prognostic simulations of mixed-phase clouds with model 1D-AC v1.0: The impact of freezing parameterizations on ice crystal budgets" Y. Sun et al. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16414825

Analysis scripts and figure generation code supporting "Prognostic simulations of mixed-phase clouds with model 1D-AC v1.0: The impact of freezing parameterizations on ice crystal budgets" Y. Sun et al. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16414282

AC-1D (1.0) I. Silber et al. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7108690

Short summary

The role of Arctic clouds in the regional climate remains uncertain due to insufficient understanding of the amount of liquid droplets and ice crystals present in these clouds. An aerosol-cloud model is employed to examine the role of different aerosol types and freezing parameterizations on the number of ice crystals. The choice of freezing parameterization significantly changes the number of ice crystals impacting the interpretation of the evolution and warming effect of Arctic clouds.