Articles | Volume 19, issue 20
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-10243-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-10243-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Calibration guidelines and a runoff-isotope module for lake proxy system modeling (PRYSM v2.0)
Department of Earth Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
Elizabeth K. Thomas
Department of Earth Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
Michaela Fendrock
Department of Earth Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
Alfred University, Alfred, NY 14802, USA
Gerard A. Otiniano
Department of Earth Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
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Gerard A. Otiniano, Elizabeth K. Thomas, Olivia J. Truax, Eric J. Steig, Anne de Vernal, Sudip Acharya, Jason P. Briner, Joshua K. Cuzzone, Sam Z. Mark, and Greg Hakim
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-5983, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-5983, 2026
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Climate of the Past (CP).
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We combined 38 proxy time series to understand how Greenland’s summer temperature varied over the past 10, 000 years. Our results show that northern and eastern Greenland warmed earlier than western and southern regions. Climate reconstruction products capture the timing of warmth better than its regional differences. Together, these time series reveal clear regional patterns, helping us to investigate the drivers of past climate change and test how well climate reconstructions represent them.
John Michael N. Aguilar, Elizabeth K. Thomas, Diana S. Aga, Paul R. Bierman, Jason P. Briner, Isla S. Castañeda, and Andrew J. Christ
Clim. Past, 22, 1757–1779, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-22-1757-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-22-1757-2026, 2026
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As the Arctic warms, the Greenland Ice Sheet is losing mass, with implications for global sea levels. We analyzed biomarkers from sediments beneath 1387 m of ice at Camp Century, Greenland, deposited when the ice sheet was smaller. Reconstructed summer temperature and precipitation isotopes from ~ 400 000 years ago show summers ~ 4.7 °C warmer than today, with more local moisture from reduced ice. This result highlights that both how warm and how long warming lasts matter to reduce ice loss.
Sudip Acharya, Allison A. Cluett, Amy L. Grogan, Jason P. Briner, Isla S. Castañeda, and Elizabeth K. Thomas
Clim. Past, 22, 1401–1421, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-22-1401-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-22-1401-2026, 2026
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We generated five new and compiled previously published Holocene temperature timeseries from southwestern Greenland. We found temperature maxima between 7500 and 5000 years ago, with temperatures approx. 2–5 °C higher than 1994–2024. Afterward, temperatures gradually cooled towards the present, following maximum summer insolation. Local variations in the magnitude and timing of the thermal maximum are related to topography and proximity to the ice sheet and the ocean.
Kurt R. Lindberg, Elizabeth K. Thomas, Martha K. Raynolds, Helga Bültmann, and Jonathan H. Raberg
Biogeosciences, 23, 2503–2523, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-23-2503-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-23-2503-2026, 2026
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Plant waxes are an important tool for inferring past changes in vegetation and the water cycle. However, the mechanisms governing plant wax production and stable isotope values are not well understood in the Arctic. We found that terrestrial Arctic plant waxes are not significantly influenced by environmental parameters including latitude, temperature, precipitation amount, humidity, and elevation. These findings agree with our understanding of plant waxes in other regions of the world.
Paul R. Bierman, Andrew J. Christ, Catherine M. Collins, Halley M. Mastro, Juliana Souza, Pierre-Henri Blard, Stefanie Brachfeld, Zoe R. Courville, Tammy M. Rittenour, Elizabeth K. Thomas, Jean-Louis Tison, and François Fripiat
The Cryosphere, 18, 4029–4052, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-4029-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-4029-2024, 2024
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In 1966, the U.S. Army drilled through the Greenland Ice Sheet at Camp Century, Greenland; they recovered 3.44 m of frozen material. Here, we decipher the material’s history. Water, flowing during a warm interglacial when the ice sheet melted from northwest Greenland, deposited the upper material which contains fossil plant and insect parts. The lower material, separated by more than a meter of ice with some sediment, is till, deposited by the ice sheet during a prior cold period.
Brandon L. Graham, Jason P. Briner, Nicolás E. Young, Allie Balter-Kennedy, Michele Koppes, Joerg M. Schaefer, Kristin Poinar, and Elizabeth K. Thomas
The Cryosphere, 17, 4535–4547, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-4535-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-4535-2023, 2023
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Glacial erosion is a fundamental process operating on Earth's surface. Two processes of glacial erosion, abrasion and plucking, are poorly understood. We reconstructed rates of abrasion and quarrying in Greenland. We derive a total glacial erosion rate of 0.26 ± 0.16 mm per year. We also learned that erosion via these two processes is about equal. Because the site is similar to many other areas covered by continental ice sheets, these results may be applied to many places on Earth.
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Short summary
Lake models are powerful tools for disentangling complex past climate data preserved in sediments. These models can be hard to set-up for lakes that are not well-observed. We improve an existing model with code to simulate water runoff and establish guidelines for setting-up the model when data are scarce. Using our workflow, more scientists can apply this tool to more lakes and gain a better understanding of the climate histories stored in their sediments.
Lake models are powerful tools for disentangling complex past climate data preserved in...
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