SURFER v3.0: a fast model with ice sheet tipping points and carbon  cycle feedbacks for short- and long-term climate scenarios

Couplet, Victor; Martínez Montero, Marina; Crucifix, Michel

doi:10.5194/gmd-18-3081-2025

Articles | Volume 18, issue 10

https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-3081-2025

© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-3081-2025

© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Articles | Volume 18, issue 10

Model description paper

|

28 May 2025

Model description paper |

| 28 May 2025

SURFER v3.0: a fast model with ice sheet tipping points and carbon cycle feedbacks for short- and long-term climate scenarios

Victor Couplet, Marina Martínez Montero, and Michel Crucifix

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Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Sep 2024	72	11	12	95
Oct 2024	47	8	1	56
Nov 2024	56	6	6	68
Dec 2024	35	7	1	43
Jan 2025	15	10	1	26
Feb 2025	14	8	0	22
Mar 2025	12	6	0	18
Apr 2025	20	8	0	28
May 2025	104	41	5	150
Jun 2025	139	51	9	199
Jul 2025	153	34	4	191
Aug 2025	422	26	1	449
Sep 2025	1,244	35	3	1,282
Oct 2025	120	54	5	179
Nov 2025	120	55	3	178
Dec 2025	184	50	6	240
Jan 2026	1,669	47	12	1,728
Feb 2026	186	36	13	235
Mar 2026	319	91	15	425
Apr 2026	147	110	7	264
May 2026	10	1	11

Cumulative views and downloads (calculated since 11 Sep 2024)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Sep 2024	72	11	12	95
Oct 2024	47	8	1	56
Nov 2024	56	6	6	68
Dec 2024	35	7	1	43
Jan 2025	15	10	1	26
Feb 2025	14	8	0	22
Mar 2025	12	6	0	18
Apr 2025	20	8	0	28
May 2025	104	41	5	150
Jun 2025	139	51	9	199
Jul 2025	153	34	4	191
Aug 2025	422	26	1	449
Sep 2025	1,244	35	3	1,282
Oct 2025	120	54	5	179
Nov 2025	120	55	3	178
Dec 2025	184	50	6	240
Jan 2026	1,669	47	12	1,728
Feb 2026	186	36	13	235
Mar 2026	319	91	15	425
Apr 2026	147	110	7	264
May 2026	10	1	11

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Short summary

We present SURFER v3.0, a simple climate model designed to estimate the impact of CO₂ and CH₄ emissions on global temperatures, sea levels, and ocean pH. We added new carbon cycle processes and calibrated the model to observations and results from more complex models, enabling use over timescales ranging from decades to millions of years. SURFER v3.0 is fast, transparent, and easy to use, making it an ideal tool for policy assessments and suitable for educational purposes.