Articles | Volume 18, issue 5
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-1487-2025
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-1487-2025
Development and technical paper
 | 
10 Mar 2025
Development and technical paper |  | 10 Mar 2025

Empirical modeling of tropospheric delays with uncertainty

Jungang Wang, Junping Chen, and Yize Zhang

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Latest update: 28 Oct 2025
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Short summary
The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is widely used for real-time monitoring and early warning of geohazards. Accurate modeling of tropospheric delays is critical to achieving high-precision GNSS solutions, and using external delays can improve real-time GNSS convergence times. Current empirical delay models only provide delay but not uncertainty. We propose a global empirical delay model with uncertainty and demonstrate its benefits in accelerating GNSS positioning convergence.
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