Articles | Volume 16, issue 20
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-5703-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-5703-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
URock 2023a: an open-source GIS-based wind model for complex urban settings
Department of Earth Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
CNRS, University of Savoie Mont-Blanc, LOCIE, UMR 5271, Le Bourget du Lac, France
CNRS, Lab-STICC, UMR 6285, Vannes, France
Fredrik Lindberg
Department of Earth Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
Sandro Oswald
Institute of Meteorology, University of Natural Resources and Life Science (BOKU), Vienna, Austria
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Cited
17 citations as recorded by crossref.
- City-scale assessment of outdoor heat shelter availability under climate change conditions: a simulation-based methodology D. David & M. Salles https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113238
- Development and Validation of a Custom Stochastic Microscale Wind Model for Urban Air Mobility Applications D. Nithya et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/drones9120863
- High-resolution projections of outdoor thermal stress in the twenty-first century: a Tasmanian case study B. Weeding et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-024-02622-8
- Modelling the impact of irrigated vegetation on urban microclimate: A review M. Garcia de Cezar et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.180166
- An open-source GIS user interface for the TARGET climate model in the Urban Multi-scale Environmental Predictor (UMEP) tool J. Chen et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2026.107043
- Building-scale wind field simulation by lattice Boltzmann method-based large-eddy simulation S. Kong et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.uclim.2026.102938
- An innovative method based on CFD to simulate the influence of photovoltaic panels on the microclimate in agrivoltaic conditions V. Joseph et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2025.113571
- SOLWEIG-GPU: GPU-Accelerated Thermal Comfort Modeling Framework for Urban Digital Twins H. Kamath et al. https://doi.org/10.21105/joss.09535
- Urban Digital Twins for Microclimate and Comfort Analysis: A Case Study in Huelva V. Lopez-Cabeza et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1568/1/012053
- A methodology to bridge urban shade guidelines with climate metrics S. Martinez et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2025.106322
- Robust model predictive control of wind turbines based on Bayesian parameter self-optimization M. Tang et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenrg.2023.1306167
- A Cloud‐Based Geoprocessing Platform Based on Extended OGC API‐Processes Standard and PyQGIS M. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1111/tgis.70094
- A Framework for Optimizing Open Spatial Data in Urban Planning and Policy Applications D. Dewa & I. Buchori https://doi.org/10.1007/s12061-025-09746-3
- An Open-Source Urban Digital Twin for Enhancing Outdoor Thermal Comfort in the City of Huelva (Spain) V. Lopez-Cabeza et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/smartcities8050160
- Review of Wind Flow Modelling in Urban Environments to Support the Development of Urban Air Mobility D. Nithya et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/drones8040147
- Micro-scale, city-wide analysis of outdoor thermal comfort during heatwaves in high latitude cities: influence of building geometry and vegetation F. Lindberg et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-025-03030-2
- Drone anemometry of atmospheric winds—A review M. Ilyas et al. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0259355
17 citations as recorded by crossref.
- City-scale assessment of outdoor heat shelter availability under climate change conditions: a simulation-based methodology D. David & M. Salles https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113238
- Development and Validation of a Custom Stochastic Microscale Wind Model for Urban Air Mobility Applications D. Nithya et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/drones9120863
- High-resolution projections of outdoor thermal stress in the twenty-first century: a Tasmanian case study B. Weeding et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-024-02622-8
- Modelling the impact of irrigated vegetation on urban microclimate: A review M. Garcia de Cezar et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.180166
- An open-source GIS user interface for the TARGET climate model in the Urban Multi-scale Environmental Predictor (UMEP) tool J. Chen et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2026.107043
- Building-scale wind field simulation by lattice Boltzmann method-based large-eddy simulation S. Kong et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.uclim.2026.102938
- An innovative method based on CFD to simulate the influence of photovoltaic panels on the microclimate in agrivoltaic conditions V. Joseph et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2025.113571
- SOLWEIG-GPU: GPU-Accelerated Thermal Comfort Modeling Framework for Urban Digital Twins H. Kamath et al. https://doi.org/10.21105/joss.09535
- Urban Digital Twins for Microclimate and Comfort Analysis: A Case Study in Huelva V. Lopez-Cabeza et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1568/1/012053
- A methodology to bridge urban shade guidelines with climate metrics S. Martinez et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2025.106322
- Robust model predictive control of wind turbines based on Bayesian parameter self-optimization M. Tang et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenrg.2023.1306167
- A Cloud‐Based Geoprocessing Platform Based on Extended OGC API‐Processes Standard and PyQGIS M. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1111/tgis.70094
- A Framework for Optimizing Open Spatial Data in Urban Planning and Policy Applications D. Dewa & I. Buchori https://doi.org/10.1007/s12061-025-09746-3
- An Open-Source Urban Digital Twin for Enhancing Outdoor Thermal Comfort in the City of Huelva (Spain) V. Lopez-Cabeza et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/smartcities8050160
- Review of Wind Flow Modelling in Urban Environments to Support the Development of Urban Air Mobility D. Nithya et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/drones8040147
- Micro-scale, city-wide analysis of outdoor thermal comfort during heatwaves in high latitude cities: influence of building geometry and vegetation F. Lindberg et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-025-03030-2
- Drone anemometry of atmospheric winds—A review M. Ilyas et al. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0259355
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 09 Jun 2026
Short summary
The UMEP plug-in integrated in the free QGIS software can now calculate the spatial variation of the wind speed within urban settings. This paper shows that the new wind model, URock, generally fits observations well and highlights the main needed improvements. According to this work, pedestrian wind fields and outdoor thermal comfort can now simply be estimated by any QGIS user (researchers, students, and practitioners).
The UMEP plug-in integrated in the free QGIS software can now calculate the spatial variation of...