Addressing numerical challenges in introducing a reactive transport code into a land surface model: a biogeochemical modeling proof-of-concept with CLM–PFLOTRAN 1.0

Tang, Guoping; Yuan, Fengming; Bisht, Gautam; Hammond, Glenn E.; Lichtner, Peter C.; Kumar, Jitendra; Mills, Richard T.; Xu, Xiaofeng; Andre, Ben; Hoffman, Forrest M.; Painter, Scott L.; Thornton, Peter E.

doi:10.5194/gmd-9-927-2016

Articles | Volume 9, issue 3

https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-927-2016

© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-927-2016

© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

Articles | Volume 9, issue 3

Development and technical paper

|

04 Mar 2016

Development and technical paper |

| 04 Mar 2016

Addressing numerical challenges in introducing a reactive transport code into a land surface model: a biogeochemical modeling proof-of-concept with CLM–PFLOTRAN 1.0

Guoping Tang, Fengming Yuan, Gautam Bisht, Glenn E. Hammond, Peter C. Lichtner, Jitendra Kumar, Richard T. Mills, Xiaofeng Xu, Ben Andre, Forrest M. Hoffman, Scott L. Painter, and Peter E. Thornton

Viewed

Total article views: 6,108 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)

HTML	PDF	XML	Total	BibTeX	EndNote
3,451	2,436	221	6,108	272	328

HTML: 3,451
PDF: 2,436
XML: 221
Total: 6,108
BibTeX: 272
EndNote: 328

Views and downloads (calculated since 17 Dec 2015)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Dec 2015	26	26	1	53
Jan 2016	63	28	1	92
Feb 2016	53	23	3	79
Mar 2016	170	55	5	230
Apr 2016	34	12	1	47
May 2016	33	26	9	68
Jun 2016	24	12	3	39
Jul 2016	25	12	2	39
Aug 2016	24	6	4	34
Sep 2016	23	11	1	35
Oct 2016	24	10	2	36
Nov 2016	21	8	4	33
Dec 2016	20	21	0	41
Jan 2017	35	55	5	95
Feb 2017	38	57	5	100
Mar 2017	50	79	9	138
Apr 2017	47	80	8	135
May 2017	52	113	7	172
Jun 2017	47	43	5	95
Jul 2017	25	38	1	64
Aug 2017	16	48	0	64
Sep 2017	15	29	1	45
Oct 2017	10	24	1	35
Nov 2017	14	30	2	46
Dec 2017	17	16	1	34
Jan 2018	11	24	0	35
Feb 2018	20	18	0	38
Mar 2018	20	20	0	40
Apr 2018	26	26	2	54
May 2018	25	18	0	43
Jun 2018	21	10	1	32
Jul 2018	27	14	0	41
Aug 2018	24	13	0	37
Sep 2018	25	19	1	45
Oct 2018	27	16	4	47
Nov 2018	24	23	1	48
Dec 2018	34	56	1	91
Jan 2019	31	67	3	101
Feb 2019	23	60	0	83
Mar 2019	15	66	0	81
Apr 2019	14	54	2	70
May 2019	5	56	0	61
Jun 2019	18	55	0	73
Jul 2019	16	11	2	29
Aug 2019	11	5	0	16
Sep 2019	12	9	0	21
Oct 2019	15	10	1	26
Nov 2019	13	14	1	28
Dec 2019	19	16	2	37
Jan 2020	23	14	2	39
Feb 2020	20	7	0	27
Mar 2020	9	10	1	20
Apr 2020	13	14	0	27
May 2020	17	14	0	31
Jun 2020	13	10	0	23
Jul 2020	47	41	33	121
Aug 2020	10	3	2	15
Sep 2020	16	11	0	27
Oct 2020	10	9	0	19
Nov 2020	7	13	0	20
Dec 2020	15	12	0	27
Jan 2021	24	17	3	44
Feb 2021	18	9	1	28
Mar 2021	14	11	0	25
Apr 2021	14	8	0	22
May 2021	23	10	0	33
Jun 2021	8	5	0	13
Jul 2021	9	6	0	15
Aug 2021	11	12	0	23
Sep 2021	9	11	1	21
Oct 2021	9	36	0	45
Nov 2021	21	30	2	53
Dec 2021	13	7	1	21
Jan 2022	13	15	0	28
Feb 2022	24	7	1	32
Mar 2022	7	8	0	15
Apr 2022	38	11	0	49
May 2022	36	8	1	45
Jun 2022	42	4	0	46
Jul 2022	32	1	0	33
Aug 2022	44	13	1	58
Sep 2022	34	7	1	42
Oct 2022	36	5	1	42
Nov 2022	42	9	1	52
Dec 2022	45	14	0	59
Jan 2023	31	16	4	51
Feb 2023	45	6	1	52
Mar 2023	50	12	3	65
Apr 2023	44	13	0	57
May 2023	58	21	0	79
Jun 2023	67	9	0	76
Jul 2023	50	10	1	61
Aug 2023	46	11	2	59
Sep 2023	41	9	0	50
Oct 2023	55	13	0	68
Nov 2023	31	5	0	36
Dec 2023	52	8	2	62
Jan 2024	45	5	3	53
Feb 2024	37	10	0	47
Mar 2024	52	23	4	79
Apr 2024	51	8	5	64
May 2024	27	12	6	45
Jun 2024	33	11	3	47
Jul 2024	19	12	5	36
Aug 2024	23	17	2	42
Sep 2024	19	5	1	25
Oct 2024	16	8	0	24
Nov 2024	14	6	5	25
Dec 2024	12	4	1	17
Jan 2025	23	12	2	37
Feb 2025	39	11	2	52
Mar 2025	24	11	0	35
Apr 2025	31	17	0	48
May 2025	22	14	0	36
Jun 2025	57	25	0	82
Jul 2025	32	18	4	54
Aug 2025	32	30	2	64
Sep 2025	37	18	1	56
Oct 2025	41	29	3	73
Nov 2025	44	32	5	81
Dec 2025	3	1	0	4

Cumulative views and downloads (calculated since 17 Dec 2015)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Dec 2015	26	26	1	53
Jan 2016	63	28	1	92
Feb 2016	53	23	3	79
Mar 2016	170	55	5	230
Apr 2016	34	12	1	47
May 2016	33	26	9	68
Jun 2016	24	12	3	39
Jul 2016	25	12	2	39
Aug 2016	24	6	4	34
Sep 2016	23	11	1	35
Oct 2016	24	10	2	36
Nov 2016	21	8	4	33
Dec 2016	20	21	0	41
Jan 2017	35	55	5	95
Feb 2017	38	57	5	100
Mar 2017	50	79	9	138
Apr 2017	47	80	8	135
May 2017	52	113	7	172
Jun 2017	47	43	5	95
Jul 2017	25	38	1	64
Aug 2017	16	48	0	64
Sep 2017	15	29	1	45
Oct 2017	10	24	1	35
Nov 2017	14	30	2	46
Dec 2017	17	16	1	34
Jan 2018	11	24	0	35
Feb 2018	20	18	0	38
Mar 2018	20	20	0	40
Apr 2018	26	26	2	54
May 2018	25	18	0	43
Jun 2018	21	10	1	32
Jul 2018	27	14	0	41
Aug 2018	24	13	0	37
Sep 2018	25	19	1	45
Oct 2018	27	16	4	47
Nov 2018	24	23	1	48
Dec 2018	34	56	1	91
Jan 2019	31	67	3	101
Feb 2019	23	60	0	83
Mar 2019	15	66	0	81
Apr 2019	14	54	2	70
May 2019	5	56	0	61
Jun 2019	18	55	0	73
Jul 2019	16	11	2	29
Aug 2019	11	5	0	16
Sep 2019	12	9	0	21
Oct 2019	15	10	1	26
Nov 2019	13	14	1	28
Dec 2019	19	16	2	37
Jan 2020	23	14	2	39
Feb 2020	20	7	0	27
Mar 2020	9	10	1	20
Apr 2020	13	14	0	27
May 2020	17	14	0	31
Jun 2020	13	10	0	23
Jul 2020	47	41	33	121
Aug 2020	10	3	2	15
Sep 2020	16	11	0	27
Oct 2020	10	9	0	19
Nov 2020	7	13	0	20
Dec 2020	15	12	0	27
Jan 2021	24	17	3	44
Feb 2021	18	9	1	28
Mar 2021	14	11	0	25
Apr 2021	14	8	0	22
May 2021	23	10	0	33
Jun 2021	8	5	0	13
Jul 2021	9	6	0	15
Aug 2021	11	12	0	23
Sep 2021	9	11	1	21
Oct 2021	9	36	0	45
Nov 2021	21	30	2	53
Dec 2021	13	7	1	21
Jan 2022	13	15	0	28
Feb 2022	24	7	1	32
Mar 2022	7	8	0	15
Apr 2022	38	11	0	49
May 2022	36	8	1	45
Jun 2022	42	4	0	46
Jul 2022	32	1	0	33
Aug 2022	44	13	1	58
Sep 2022	34	7	1	42
Oct 2022	36	5	1	42
Nov 2022	42	9	1	52
Dec 2022	45	14	0	59
Jan 2023	31	16	4	51
Feb 2023	45	6	1	52
Mar 2023	50	12	3	65
Apr 2023	44	13	0	57
May 2023	58	21	0	79
Jun 2023	67	9	0	76
Jul 2023	50	10	1	61
Aug 2023	46	11	2	59
Sep 2023	41	9	0	50
Oct 2023	55	13	0	68
Nov 2023	31	5	0	36
Dec 2023	52	8	2	62
Jan 2024	45	5	3	53
Feb 2024	37	10	0	47
Mar 2024	52	23	4	79
Apr 2024	51	8	5	64
May 2024	27	12	6	45
Jun 2024	33	11	3	47
Jul 2024	19	12	5	36
Aug 2024	23	17	2	42
Sep 2024	19	5	1	25
Oct 2024	16	8	0	24
Nov 2024	14	6	5	25
Dec 2024	12	4	1	17
Jan 2025	23	12	2	37
Feb 2025	39	11	2	52
Mar 2025	24	11	0	35
Apr 2025	31	17	0	48
May 2025	22	14	0	36
Jun 2025	57	25	0	82
Jul 2025	32	18	4	54
Aug 2025	32	30	2	64
Sep 2025	37	18	1	56
Oct 2025	41	29	3	73
Nov 2025	44	32	5	81
Dec 2025	3	1	0	4

Latest update: 04 Dec 2025

Short summary

We demonstrate that CLM-PFLOTRAN predictions are consistent with CLM4.5 for Arctic, temperate, and tropical sites. A tight relative tolerance may be needed to avoid false convergence when scaling, clipping, or log transformation is used to avoid negative concentration in implicit time stepping and Newton-Raphson methods. The log transformation method is accurate and robust while relaxing relative tolerance or using the clipping or scaling method can result in efficient solutions.