502 citations as recorded by crossref.

1. Modeling an Extreme Dust Deposition Event to the French Alpine Seasonal Snowpack in April 2018: Meteorological Context and Predictions of Dust Deposition F. Baladima et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JD035745
2. Fiabilité de l’enneigement et disponibilité des ressources en eau pour la production de neige dans les domaines skiables du Département de l’Isère (France), en conditions climatiques actuelles et futures M. Gerbaux et al. https://doi.org/10.4000/rga.6724
3. Snowmelt Dynamics in a Temperate Glacier Using Sentinel-1 SAR Images: A Case Study on Saint-Sorlin Glacier, French Alps C. Turbé et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2024.3384030
4. An upgraded scheme of surface physics for Antarctic ice sheet and its implementation in the WRF model Y. Yao et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11434-016-1029-7
5. Combination of Snow Process Model Priors and Site Representativeness Evaluation to Improve the Global Snow Depth Retrieval Based on Passive Microwaves J. Pan et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2023.3276651
6. Influence of stress, temperature and crystal morphology on isothermal densification and specific surface area decrease of new snow S. Schleef et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-8-1825-2014
7. A unified kinematic wave theory for melt infiltration into firn M. Shadab et al. https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2025.10055
8. Assessing Climate Change Impact on the Spatial Dependence of Extreme Snow Depth Maxima in the French Alps G. Nicolet et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018WR022763
9. NHM–SMAP: spatially and temporally high-resolution nonhydrostatic atmospheric model coupled with detailed snow process model for Greenland Ice Sheet M. Niwano et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-635-2018
10. Firn Evolution at Camp Century, Greenland: 1966–2100 B. Vandecrux et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2021.578978
11. Impact of intercepted and sub-canopy snow microstructure on snowpack response to rain-on-snow events under a boreal canopy B. Bouchard et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-2783-2024
12. Demography of lemmings in response to changing snow conditions in the High Arctic M. Poirier et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.70216
13. Assessment of snow model uncertainty in relation to the effect of a 1 °C warming using the snow modelling framework openAMUNDSEN E. Rottler et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-20-2351-2026
14. Technical note: A physically based correction of WRF temperature using atmospheric lapse rates for high-resolution hydrological simulations in a glacierized catchment F. Hofmeister et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-6265-2026
15. Spatial pattern of glacier mass balance sensitivity to atmospheric forcing in High Mountain Asia A. Arndt & C. Schneider https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2023.46
16. Impacts of snow and organic soils parameterization on northern Eurasian soil temperature profiles simulated by the ISBA land surface model B. Decharme et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-853-2016
17. Modelling snowpack stability from simulated snow stratigraphy: Summary and implementation examples L. Viallon-Galinier et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2022.103596
18. Meltwater percolation, impermeable layer formation and runoff buffering on Devon Ice Cap, Canada D. Ashmore et al. https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2019.80
19. Comparing the performance of convection-permitting WRF output with reanalysis datasets for glacier energy balance and hydrological modelling in the Central Himalaya U. Tiwari et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.134258
20. Satellite-derived products of solar and longwave irradiances used for snowpack modelling in mountainous terrain L. Quéno et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-2083-2020
21. Retrieval of the Absorption Coefficient of L-Band Radiation in Antarctica From SMOS Observations O. Passalacqua et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10121954
22. Modeling of Mass Balance Variability and Its Impact on Water Discharge from the Urumqi Glacier No. 1 Catchment, Tian Shan, China K. Thiel et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/w12123297
23. Modelling the evolution of permafrost temperatures and active layer thickness in King George Island, Antarctica, since 1950 J. Pedro Baptista et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-3459-2025
24. Simulation of cold-powder snow avalanches considering daily snowpack and weather situations J. Glaus et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-2399-2025
25. Transient Modelling of Permafrost Distribution in Iceland J. Czekirda et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2019.00130
26. White water: Fifty years of snow research in WRR and the outlook for the future M. Sturm https://doi.org/10.1002/2015WR017242
27. SEMIC: an efficient surface energy and mass balance model applied to the Greenland ice sheet M. Krapp et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-1519-2017
28. An 18-yr long (1993–2011) snow and meteorological dataset from a mid-altitude mountain site (Col de Porte, France, 1325 m alt.) for driving and evaluating snowpack models S. Morin et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-4-13-2012
29. Evaluation of the SNOWPACK model’s metamorphism and microstructure in Canada: a case study J. Madore et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/02723646.2018.1472984
30. Tracing Snowmelt Paths in an Integrated Hydrological Model for Understanding Seasonal Snowmelt Contribution at Basin Scale H. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JD030760
31. Elevation Changes Inferred From TanDEM-X Data Over the Mont-Blanc Area: Impact of the X-Band Interferometric Bias A. Dehecq et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2016.2581482
32. Simulating the effect of subsurface drainage on the thermal regime and ground ice in blocky terrain in Norway C. Renette et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-11-33-2023
33. Importance of sampling design to increase climate signal detection in shrub ring chronologies T. Pereira et al. https://doi.org/10.3112/erdkunde.2022.04.04
34. Climate change impacts on snow avalanche activity and related risks N. Eckert et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43017-024-00540-2
35. Assimilation of passive microwave AMSR-2 satellite observations in a snowpack evolution model over northeastern Canada F. Larue et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-5711-2018
36. Energy and mass balance dynamics of the seasonal snowpack at two high-altitude sites in the Himalaya E. Stigter et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2021.103233
37. Improvement of a snow albedo parameterization in the Snow–Atmosphere–Soil Transfer model: evaluation of impacts of aerosol on seasonal snow cover E. Zhong et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-017-7019-0
38. Snow profile alignment and similarity assessment for aggregating, clustering, and evaluating snowpack model output for avalanche forecasting F. Herla et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-239-2021
39. Evaluation of air–soil temperature relationships simulated by land surface models during winter across the permafrost region W. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-1721-2016
40. Relative performance of empirical and physical models in assessing the seasonal and annual glacier surface mass balance of Saint-Sorlin Glacier (French Alps) M. Réveillet et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-1367-2018
41. Multiscale modeling of heat and mass transfer in dry snow: influence of the condensation coefficient and comparison with experiments L. Bouvet et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-4285-2024
42. Experimental determination of the absorption enhancement parameter of snow Q. Libois et al. https://doi.org/10.3189/2014JoG14J015
43. Development of physically based liquid water schemes for Greenland firn-densification models V. Verjans et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-1819-2019
44. Toward more frequent winter rain-on-snow events in the Pyrenees J. Bonsoms https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2026.109184
45. An integrated snowfall-drifting snow model for roof snow distribution: Multi-case validation and parametric analysis H. Yu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2026.105139
46. Robust uncertainty assessment of the spatio-temporal transferability of glacier mass and energy balance models T. Zolles et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-469-2019
47. Propagating information from snow observations with CrocO ensemble data assimilation system: a 10-years case study over a snow depth observation network B. Cluzet et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-1281-2022
48. Simulating ice segregation and thaw consolidation in permafrost environments with the CryoGrid community model J. Aga et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-4179-2023
49. Occurrence of blowing snow events at an alpine site over a 10-year period: Observations and modelling V. Vionnet et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2012.05.004
50. Review of Snow Data Assimilation Methods for Hydrological, Land Surface, Meteorological and Climate Models: Results from a COST HarmoSnow Survey J. Helmert et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences8120489
51. Event-driven deposition of snow on the Antarctic Plateau: analyzing field measurements with SNOWPACK C. Groot Zwaaftink et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-7-333-2013
52. On forecasting wet-snow avalanche activity using simulated snow cover data S. Bellaire et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2017.09.013
53. Evaluation of annual maximum snow depth data estimation from the European-wide reanalysis C3S MTMSI (Copernicus Climate Change Service – Mountain Tourism Meteorological and Snow Indicators) against in-situ observations E. Kamir et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-18-17-2026
54. The growth of shrubs on high Arctic tundra at Bylot Island: impact on snow physical properties and permafrost thermal regime F. Domine et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-6471-2016
55. Spatio‐temporal wet snow dynamics from model simulations and remote sensing: A case study from the Rofental, Austria E. Rottler et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.15279
56. A finite-element framework to explore the numerical solution of the coupled problem of heat conduction, water vapor diffusion, and settlement in dry snow (IvoriFEM v0.1.0) J. Brondex et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-7075-2023
57. Combining modelled snowpack stability with machine learning to predict avalanche activity L. Viallon-Galinier et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-2245-2023
58. The Rainy Continental snow and avalanche climate: International comparison with 40 years of snow cover modeled in the Chic-Chocs, northeastern Appalachian Mountains F. Meloche et al. https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2025.35
59. Simulating the Dynamics of the Characteristics of Snow Cover Formation Regime in the Russian Federation Territory. 1. Field Areas of ER in the Historical Period E. Gusev et al. https://doi.org/10.31857/S0321059623040107
60. Evaluating the performance of coupled snow–soil models in SURFEXv8 to simulate the permafrost thermal regime at a high Arctic site M. Barrere et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-3461-2017
61. Microstructure-based modelling of snow mechanics: experimental evaluation of the cone penetration test C. Herny et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-3787-2024
62. Dry snow initialization and densification over the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets in the ORCHIDEE land surface model P. Conesa et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-20-4973-2026
63. Heterogeneous grain growth and vertical mass transfer within a snow layer under a temperature gradient L. Bouvet et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-3553-2023
64. Multilayer observation and estimation of the snowpack cold content in a humid boreal coniferous forest of eastern Canada A. Parajuli et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-5371-2021
65. Drivers of soil organic carbon stocks and stability along elevation gradients N. Bonfanti et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117452
66. Long-term, landscape- and wind-driven snow conditions influence Adélie penguin colony extinctions M. Cimino et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-025-02088-y
67. Monitoring dry snow metamorphism using 4D tomography across 20 experimental conditions O. Dick et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-18-2875-2026
68. Implementation and evaluation of prognostic representations of the optical diameter of snow in the SURFEX/ISBA-Crocus detailed snowpack model C. Carmagnola et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-8-417-2014
69. Gap-filling snow-depth time-series with Kalman Filtering-Smoothing and Expectation Maximization: Proof of concept using spatially dense wireless-sensor-network data F. Avanzi et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2020.103066
70. Shrub growth in the Alps diverges from air temperature since the 1990s L. Francon et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac0b67
71. The latest improvements with SURFEX v8.0 of the Safran–Isba–Modcou hydrometeorological model for France P. Le Moigne et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-3925-2020
72. Improving modelled albedo over the Greenland ice sheet through parameter optimisation and MODIS snow albedo retrievals N. Raoult et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-2705-2023
73. Microstructure-based simulations of the viscous densification of snow and firn K. Fourteau et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-2831-2024
74. Simulated hydrological effects of grooming and snowmaking in a ski resort on the local water balance S. Morin et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-4257-2023
75. Why do the dark and light ogives of Forbes bands have similar surface mass balances? C. VINCENT et al. https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2018.12
76. Wind-driven snow conditions control the occurrence of contemporary marginal mountain permafrost in the Chic-Choc Mountains, south-eastern Canada: a case study from Mont Jacques-Cartier G. Davesne et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-1351-2017
77. Extreme avalanche cycles: Return levels and probability distributions depending on snow and meteorological conditions G. Evin et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wace.2021.100344
78. Snow redistribution in an intermediate-complexity snow hydrology modelling framework L. Quéno et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-3533-2024
79. Snow Level From Post‐Processing of Atmospheric Model Improves Snowfall Estimate and Snowpack Prediction in Mountains V. Vionnet et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021WR031778
80. Disentangling creep and isothermal metamorphism during snow settlement with X-ray tomography A. Bernard et al. https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2022.109
81. Improvement of Polar Snow Microwave Brightness Temperature Simulations for Dense Wind Slab and Large Grain J. Meloche et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2024.3428394
82. Past changes in natural and managed snow reliability of French Alps ski resorts from 1961 to 2019 L. Berard-Chenu et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-863-2022
83. Climate controls on snow reliability in French Alps ski resorts P. Spandre et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-44068-8
84. Liquid Water Flow and Retention on the Greenland Ice Sheet in the Regional Climate Model HIRHAM5: Local and Large-Scale Impacts P. Langen et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2016.00110
85. Quantification of the radiative impact of light-absorbing particles during two contrasted snow seasons at Col du Lautaret (2058 m a.s.l., French Alps) F. Tuzet et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-4553-2020
86. Long-term firn and mass balance modelling for Abramov Glacier in the data-scarce Pamir Alay M. Kronenberg et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-5001-2022
87. Non-stationary extreme value analysis of ground snow loads in the French Alps: a comparison with building standards E. Le Roux et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-20-2961-2020
88. How well do the regional atmospheric and oceanic models describe the Antarctic sea ice albedo? K. Verro et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-4409-2025
89. Operational hydrometeorological forecasting on the Rhône River in France: moving toward a seamless probabilistic approach L. Caillouet et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/27678490.2022.2061312
90. Estimating surface water availability in high mountain rock slopes using a numerical energy balance model M. Ben-Asher et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-11-899-2023
91. How well is firn densification represented by a physically based multilayer model? Model evaluation for Devon Ice Cap, Nunavut, Canada G. Gascon et al. https://doi.org/10.3189/2014JoG13J209
92. Snow model comparison to simulate snow depth evolution and sublimation at point scale in the semi-arid Andes of Chile A. Voordendag et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-4241-2021
93. 1D-Var multilayer assimilation of X-band SAR data into a detailed snowpack model X. Phan et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-8-1975-2014
94. Sub-kilometer Precipitation Datasets for Snowpack and Glacier Modeling in Alpine Terrain V. Vionnet et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2019.00182
95. Impact of climate change on ski tourism and its adaptation research: Progress and prospects X. Yang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.accre.2026.09.013
96. Temperature sensitivity of snow viscoplasticity: Evidence from controlled creep experiments L. Védrine et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-20-5813-2026
97. Snow and albedo climate change impacts across the United States Northern Great Plains S. Fassnacht et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-329-2016
98. Firn cold content evolution at nine sites on the Greenland ice sheet between 1998 and 2017 B. Vandecrux et al. https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2020.30
99. A global–land snow scheme (GLASS) v1.0 for the GFDL Earth System Model: formulation and evaluation at instrumented sites E. Zorzetto et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-7219-2024
100. Modeling Snow Depth and Snow Water Equivalent Distribution and Variation Characteristics in the Irtysh River Basin, China L. Gao et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11188365
101. Modeling spatially distributed snow instability at a regional scale using Alpine3D B. Richter et al. https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2021.61
102. Model simulations of arctic biogeochemistry and permafrost extent are highly sensitive to the implemented snow scheme in LPJ-GUESS A. Pongracz et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5767-2021
103. Witnessing the transition from cold to temperate firn on Austfonna ice cap, Svalbard, through observations and model simulations S. Innanen et al. https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2025.10072
104. Deep ice layer formation in an alpine snowpack: monitoring and modeling L. Quéno et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-3449-2020
105. Revisiting snow settlement with microstructural knowledge L. Védrine & P. Hagenmuller https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-20-1257-2026
106. A 10 year record of black carbon and dust from a Mera Peak ice core (Nepal): variability and potential impact on melting of Himalayan glaciers P. Ginot et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-8-1479-2014
107. Snowmelt duration controls red algal blooms in the snow of the European Alps L. Roussel et al. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2400362121
108. ESM-SnowMIP: assessing snow models and quantifying snow-related climate feedbacks G. Krinner et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-5027-2018
109. Retrieval of Snow Water Equivalent, Liquid Water Content, and Snow Height of Dry and Wet Snow by Combining GPS Signal Attenuation and Time Delay F. Koch et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018WR024431
110. The application and modification of WRF-Hydro/Glacier to a cold-based Antarctic glacier T. Pletzer et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-459-2024
111. Forcing the SURFEX/Crocus snow model with combined hourly meteorological forecasts and gridded observations in southern Norway H. Luijting et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-2123-2018
112. Modeling the snow surface temperature with a one-layer energy balance snowmelt model J. You et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-5061-2014
113. Overloaded! Critical revision and a new conceptual approach for snow indicators in ski tourism B. Abegg et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-020-01867-3
114. Improving winter condition simulations in SURFEX-TEB v9.0 with a multi-layer snow model and ice G. Colas et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-3453-2025
115. Macroscopic modeling of heat and water vapor transfer with phase change in dry snow based on an upscaling method: Influence of air convection N. Calonne et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JF003605
116. Soil moisture, wind speed and depth hoar formation in the Arctic snowpack F. DOMINE et al. https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2018.89
117. Multi-physics ensemble snow modelling in the western Himalaya D. Pritchard et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-1225-2020
118. The Met Office Unified Model Global Atmosphere 7.0/7.1 and JULES Global Land 7.0 configurations D. Walters et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-1909-2019
119. Snow Reliability and Water Availability for Snowmaking in the Ski resorts of the Isère Département (French Alps), Under Current and Future Climate Conditions M. Gerbaux et al. https://doi.org/10.4000/rga.6742
120. Introducing CRYOWRF v1.0: multiscale atmospheric flow simulations with advanced snow cover modelling V. Sharma et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-719-2023
121. Major factors affecting the snow simulations by the JULES in New Zealand Y. Yang et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/met.1837
122. The Canadian Hydrological Model (CHM) v1.0: a multi-scale, multi-extent, variable-complexity hydrological model – design and overview C. Marsh et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-225-2020
123. Why do we have so many different hydrological models? A review based on the case of Switzerland P. Horton et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/wat2.1574
124. Simulating the Dynamics of the Characteristics of Snow Cover Formation Regime in the Russian Federation Territory. 1. Field Areas of ER in the Historical Period E. Gusev et al. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0097807823040103
125. Black carbon in snow in the upper Himalayan Khumbu Valley, Nepal: observations and modeling of the impact on snow albedo, melting, and radiative forcing H. Jacobi et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-9-1685-2015
126. Canopy-mediated climate feedbacks in the boreal continuous permafrost zone S. Stuenzi et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-026-02692-z
127. 57 years (1960–2017) of snow and meteorological observations from a mid-altitude mountain site (Col de Porte, France, 1325 m of altitude) Y. Lejeune et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-11-71-2019
128. The Community Firn Model (CFM) v1.0 C. Stevens et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-4355-2020
129. How does a warm and low-snow winter impact the snow cover dynamics in a humid and discontinuous boreal forest? Insights from observations and modeling in eastern Canada B. Bouchard et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-2745-2024
130. Seasonality Alters Soil Organic Matter Properties in Alpine and Subalpine Grasslands N. Bonfanti et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-025-00971-y
131. A physically based model of the year-round surface energy and mass balance of debris-covered glaciers Y. Lejeune et al. https://doi.org/10.3189/2013JoG12J149
132. Snow specific surface area simulation using the one-layer snow model in the Canadian LAnd Surface Scheme (CLASS) A. Roy et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-7-961-2013
133. High‐Resolution Large Eddy Simulation of Snow Accumulation in Alpine Terrain V. Vionnet et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JD026947
134. Numerical Weather Forecasts at Kilometer Scale in the French Alps: Evaluation and Application for Snowpack Modeling V. Vionnet et al. https://doi.org/10.1175/JHM-D-15-0241.1
135. Four years in the Caucasus – observations on the ecology of nivicolous myxomycetes M. Schnittler et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.funeco.2015.01.003
136. TOPMELT 1.0: a topography-based distribution function approach to snowmelt simulation for hydrological modelling at basin scale M. Zaramella et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-5251-2019
137. Contribution of light-absorbing impurities in snow to Greenland’s darkening since 2009 M. Dumont et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2180
138. Intercomparison of retrieval algorithms for the specific surface area of snow from near-infrared satellite data in mountainous terrain, and comparison with the output of a semi-distributed snowpack model A. Mary et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-7-741-2013
139. On the assimilation of optical reflectances and snow depth observations into a detailed snowpack model L. Charrois et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-1021-2016
140. The climatic mass balance of glaciers on Franz Josef Land and Novaya Zemlya, 1991–2022 L. Schmidt et al. https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2024.97
141. Meteorological, snow and soil data (2013–2019) from a herb tundra permafrost site at Bylot Island, Canadian high Arctic, for driving and testing snow and land surface models F. Domine et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-4331-2021
142. From the Swiss Alps to the Pyrenees: Evaluating the transferability of machine learning models for avalanche forecasting C. Pérez-Guillén et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2026.104884
143. Exploring the potential of forest snow modeling at the tree and snowpack layer scale G. Mazzotti et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-4607-2024
144. Snow Depth Estimation with Combined Terrain and Remote Sensing Information over High-Latitude Asia F. Shi et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/app16010427
145. A 7-year dataset for driving and evaluating snow models at an Arctic site (Sodankylä, Finland) R. Essery et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-5-219-2016
146. Surface mass balance and energy balance of the 79N Glacier (Nioghalvfjerdsfjorden, NE Greenland) modeled by linking COSIPY and Polar WRF M. Blau et al. https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2021.56
147. TopoPyScale: A Python Package for Hillslope Climate Downscaling S. Filhol et al. https://doi.org/10.21105/joss.05059
148. The Value of Accurate High-Resolution and Spatially Continuous Snow Information to Streamflow Forecasts D. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1175/JHM-D-18-0210.1
149. Combining random forests and class-balancing to discriminate between three classes of avalanche activity in the French Alps P. Dkengne Sielenou et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2021.103276
150. Continuous and autonomous snow water equivalent measurements by a cosmic ray sensor on an alpine glacier R. Gugerli et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-3413-2019
151. Open database of snow-measuring observations in the south of Western Siberia (2011-2021) and its comparison with data from stationary meteorological observations and satellite monitoring D. Pershin et al. https://doi.org/10.7256/2453-8922.2021.3.36262
152. A local thermal non-equilibrium model for rain-on-snow events T. Heinze https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-2059-2025
153. Analyzing and modeling the SMOS spatial variations in the East Antarctic Plateau G. Macelloni et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2016.02.037
154. Physics-based SNOWPACK model improves representation of near-surface Antarctic snow and firn density E. Keenan et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-1065-2021
155. A stochastic approach to simulate realistic continuous snow depth time series J. Park & D. Kim https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2022.128980
156. Measurements and modeling of snow albedo at Alerce Glacier, Argentina: effects of volcanic ash, snow grain size, and cloudiness J. Gelman Constantin et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-4581-2020
157. Automated model integration at source code level: An approach to implementing models into the NASA Land Information System S. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2022.105539
158. Simulating snow properties and Ku-band backscatter across the forest-tundra ecotone G. Woolley et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-20-1315-2026
159. Assimilation of L-band interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) snow depth retrievals for improved snowpack quantification P. Shrestha & A. Barros https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-2895-2025
160. Snow water equivalents exclusively from snow depths and their temporal changes: the Δsnow model M. Winkler et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-1165-2021
161. Improvements in Wintertime Surface Temperature Variability in the Community Earth System Model Version 2 (CESM2) Related to the Representation of Snow Density I. Simpson et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021MS002880
162. Wind tunnel experiments to quantify the effect of aeolian snow transport on the surface snow microstructure B. Walter et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-3633-2024
163. Toward Snow Cover Estimation in Mountainous Areas Using Modern Data Assimilation Methods: A Review C. Largeron et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2020.00325
164. Recent warming trends of the Greenland ice sheet documented by historical firn and ice temperature observations and machine learning B. Vandecrux et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-609-2024
165. Evaluation of Remotely Sensed Snow Water Equivalent and Snow Cover Extent over the Contiguous United States N. Dawson et al. https://doi.org/10.1175/JHM-D-18-0007.1
166. Multi-decadal analysis of past winter temperature, precipitation and snow cover data in the European Alps from reanalyses, climate models and observational datasets D. Monteiro & S. Morin https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-3617-2023
167. Wet Snow Detection From Satellite SAR Images by Machine Learning With Physical Snowpack Model Labeling M. Gallet et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2023.3342990
168. Effects of climate variability and change on snowpack hydrological processes in Finland M. Irannezhad et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2015.06.009
169. Backward snow depth reconstruction at high spatial resolution based on time‐lapse photography J. Revuelto et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10823
170. Estimation of Moderate-Resolution Snow Depth in Xinjiang With Enhanced-Resolution Passive Microwave and Reanalysis Data by Machine Learning Methods Y. Yan et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2025.3562216
171. A random forest model to assess snow instability from simulated snow stratigraphy S. Mayer et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-4593-2022
172. Verification of the multi-layer SNOWPACK model with different water transport schemes N. Wever et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-9-2271-2015
173. Deposition of ionic species and black carbon to the Arctic snowpack: combining snow pit observations with modeling H. Jacobi et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-10361-2019
174. On the formulation of snow thermal conductivity in large‐scale sea ice models O. Lecomte et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/jame.20039
175. Evaluation of Sub-Kilometric Numerical Simulations of C-Band Radar Backscatter over the French Alps against Sentinel-1 Observations G. Veyssière et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11010008
176. Soil organic matter changes under experimental pedoclimatic modifications in mountain grasslands of the French Alps N. Khedim et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2022.116238
177. Crossing numerical simulations of snow conditions with a spatially-resolved socio-economic database of ski resorts: A proof of concept in the French Alps H. François et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2014.08.005
178. Improving physically based snow simulations by assimilating snow depths using the particle filter J. Magnusson et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/2016WR019092
179. Forecasting and modelling ice layer formation on the snowpack due to freezing precipitation in the Pyrenees L. Quéno et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2017.11.007
180. Effects of snow pack reduction and drought on litter decomposition in subalpine grassland communities L. Bernard et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-018-3891-3
181. On the Evaluation of the SAR-Based Copernicus Snow Products in the French Alps F. Karbou et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences12110420
182. A processing–modeling routine to use SNOTEL hourly data in snowpack dynamic models F. Avanzi et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2014.06.011
183. Observation and modelling of snow at a polygonal tundra permafrost site: spatial variability and thermal implications I. Gouttevin et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-3693-2018
184. Snow control on active layer thickness in steep alpine rock walls (Aiguille du Midi, 3842ma.s.l., Mont Blanc massif) F. Magnin et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2016.06.006
185. Subgridding high-resolution numerical weather forecast in the Canadian Selkirk mountain range for local snow modeling in a remote sensing perspective P. Billecocq et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-2765-2024
186. Rain-on-snow roof surcharge load: A review of recent collapses, design standards, current research, and challenges D. Bajracharya & Q. Zhang https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2025.104432
187. Understanding the drivers of near-surface winds in Adélie Land, East Antarctica C. Davrinche et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-2239-2024
188. Retrieving snow depth distribution by downscaling ERA5 Reanalysis with ICESat-2 laser altimetry Z. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2025.104580
189. Implementation of a physically based water percolation routine in the Crocus/SURFEX (V7.3) snowpack model C. D'Amboise et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-3547-2017
190. An Enkf-Based Scheme for Snow Multivariable Data Assimilation at an Alpine Site G. Piazzi et al. https://doi.org/10.2478/johh-2018-0013
191. Coupling SNOWPACK-modeled grain size parameters with the HUT snow emission model A. Kontu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2016.12.021
192. Model complexity and data requirements in snow hydrology: seeking a balance in practical applications F. Avanzi et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10782
193. The firn meltwater Retention Model Intercomparison Project (RetMIP): evaluation of nine firn models at four weather station sites on the Greenland ice sheet B. Vandecrux et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-3785-2020
194. Potential and limitations of convection‐permitting CNRM‐AROME climate modelling in the French Alps D. Monteiro et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.7637
195. A large-scale validation of snowpack simulations in support of avalanche forecasting focusing on critical layers F. Herla et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-2727-2024
196. Characterizing the spatial distribution of field-scale snowpack using unpiloted aerial system (UAS) lidar and structure-from-motion (SfM) photogrammetry E. Cho et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-4539-2025
197. On the relationship between δO2∕N2 variability and ice sheet surface conditions in Antarctica R. Harris Stuart et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-3741-2024
198. Bio-climatic factors drive spectral vegetation changes in Greenland T. Silva et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-4601-2025
199. Inverse modelling of snow depths U. Schlink & D. Hertel https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2018.01.010
200. Sensitivity of ecosystem-protected permafrost under changing boreal forest structures S. Stuenzi et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac153d
201. Greenland during the last interglacial: the relative importance of insolation and oceanic changes R. Pedersen et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-1907-2016
202. The Importance of Snow Sublimation on a Himalayan Glacier E. Stigter et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2018.00108
203. COSIPY v1.3 – an open-source coupled snowpack and ice surface energy and mass balance model T. Sauter et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-5645-2020
204. An analytical test case for snow models M. Clark et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/2016WR019672
205. Applying a distributed mass-balance model to identify uncertainties in glaciological mass balance on Brewster Glacier, New Zealand B. Abrahim et al. https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2022.123
206. Using the Sensible Heat Flux Eddy Covariance-Based Exchange Coefficient to Calculate Latent Heat Flux from Moisture Mean Gradients Over Snow S. González-Herrero et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-024-00864-y
207. Snow properties at the forest–tundra ecotone: predominance of water vapor fluxes even in deep, moderately cold snowpacks G. Lackner et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-3357-2022
208. A cold laboratory hyperspectral imaging system to map grain size and ice layer distributions in firn cores I. McDowell et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1925-2024
209. Climate change exacerbates snow-water-energy challenges for European ski tourism H. François et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-023-01759-5
210. Glacier Energy and Mass Balance (GEMB): a model of firn processes for cryosphere research A. Gardner et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-2277-2023
211. A simple method to combine snow height and meteorological observations to estimate winter precipitation at sub-daily resolution E. Mair et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/02626667.2015.1081203
212. Regionally optimized high-resolution input datasets enhance the representation of snow cover in CLM5 J. Malle et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-15-1073-2024
213. On the energy budget of a low-Arctic snowpack G. Lackner et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-127-2022
214. When and Where Are Multiple Snow Layers Important for Simulations of Snow Accumulation and Melt? N. Cristea et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020WR028993
215. Water flow timing, quantity, and sources in a fractured high mountain permafrost rock wall M. Ben-Asher et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-1735-2026
216. Explicit representation of liquid water retention over bare ice using the SURFEX/ISBA-Crocus model: implications for mass balance at Mera glacier (Nepal) A. Goutard et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-20-2393-2026
217. What controls the isotopic composition of Greenland surface snow? H. Steen-Larsen et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-377-2014
218. Quantifying Relative Contributions of Light‐Absorbing Particles From Domestic and Foreign Sources on Snow Melt at Sapporo, Japan During the 2011–2012 Winter M. Niwano et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GL093940
219. Snow profile temperature measurements in spatiotemporal analysis of snowmelt in a subarctic forest-mire hillslope L. Meriö et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2018.03.013
220. Microwave radiometry experiment for snow in Altay, China: time series of in situ data for electromagnetic and physical features of snowpack L. Dai et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-3509-2022
221. Solving Richards Equation for snow improves snowpack meltwater runoff estimations in detailed multi-layer snowpack model N. Wever et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-8-257-2014
222. Snow Multidata Mapping and Modeling (S3M) 5.1: a distributed cryospheric model with dry and wet snow, data assimilation, glacier mass balance, and debris-driven melt F. Avanzi et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-4853-2022
223. HIM-STRAT: a neural network-based model for snow cover simulation and avalanche hazard prediction over North-West Himalaya J. Joshi et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-020-04032-6
224. Pan-European meteorological and snow indicators of climate change impact on ski tourism S. Morin et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cliser.2021.100215
225. Impact of measured and simulated tundra snowpack properties on heat transfer V. Dutch et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-4201-2022
226. Impact of distributed meteorological forcing on simulated snow cover and hydrological fluxes over a mid-elevation alpine micro-scale catchment A. Gupta et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-191-2023
227. Evaluating methods to estimate the water equivalent of new snow from daily snow depth recordings J. Magnusson et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2025.104435
228. Evaluating a prediction system for snow management P. Ebner et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-3949-2021
229. The S2M meteorological and snow cover reanalysis over the French mountainous areas: description and evaluation (1958–2021) M. Vernay et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-1707-2022
230. Influence of grain shape on light penetration in snow Q. Libois et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-7-1803-2013
231. Snowpack modelling in the Pyrenees driven by kilometric-resolution meteorological forecasts L. Quéno et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-1571-2016
232. Simulation and Assimilation of Passive Microwave Data Using a Snowpack Model Coupled to a Calibrated Radiative Transfer Model Over Northeastern Canada F. Larue et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2017WR022132
233. Automatic snow type classification of snow micropenetrometer profiles with machine learning algorithms J. Kaltenborn et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-4521-2023
234. Modelling Watershed and River Basin Processes in Cold Climate Regions: A Review J. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/w13040518
235. Climate Change Assessment on Blowing Snow in Hokkaido Using a Large Ensemble Dataset K. Sugawara et al. https://doi.org/10.2151/sola.2024-029
236. The Microwave Snow Grain Size: A New Concept to Predict Satellite Observations Over Snow‐Covered Regions G. Picard et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021AV000630
237. SnowPappus v1.0, a blowing-snow model for large-scale applications of the Crocus snow scheme M. Baron et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-1297-2024
238. Seasonal snow cover indicators in coastal Greenland from in situ observations, a climate model, and reanalysis J. van der Schot et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-5803-2024
239. Resolving Small‐Scale Forest Snow Patterns Using an Energy Balance Snow Model With a One‐Layer Canopy G. Mazzotti et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019WR026129
240. Operational snow mapping with simplified data assimilation using the seNorge snow model T. Saloranta https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.03.061
241. Downscaled surface mass balance in Antarctica: impacts of subsurface processes and large-scale atmospheric circulation N. Hansen et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-4315-2021
242. Vers la généralisation de la prévision hydrologique probabiliste au sein du réseau Vigicrues : estimation, évaluation et communication A. Belleudy et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/27678490.2024.2374079
243. Refreezing variability in the Greenland Ice Sheet firn zone and its response to extreme melt events X. Chen et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.accre.2026.08.015
244. Retrieval and validation of total seasonal liquid water amounts in the percolation zone of the Greenland ice sheet using L-band radiometry A. Hossan et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-4237-2025
245. Integration of snow management processes into a detailed snowpack model P. Spandre et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2016.01.002
246. Greater Greenland Ice Sheet contribution to global sea level rise in CMIP6 S. Hofer et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-20011-8
247. Modeling the impact of snow drift on the decameter-scale variability of snow properties on the Antarctic Plateau Q. Libois et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JD022361
248. Recent studies on ablation process of debris-covered glaciers A. SAKAI https://doi.org/10.5331/seppyo.76.1_79
249. Assessing the uncertainty of glacier mass-balance simulations in the European Arctic based on variance decomposition T. Sauter & F. Obleitner https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-3911-2015
250. ISBA-MEB (SURFEX v8.1): model snow evaluation for local-scale forest sites A. Napoly et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-6523-2020
251. Representing canopy interception in a distributed snow model to improve snow accumulation and melt timing Y. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2026.136669
252. Forcing and evaluating detailed snow cover models with stratigraphy observations L. Viallon-Galinier et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2020.103163
253. Arctic and subarctic snow microstructure analysis for microwave brightness temperature simulations C. Vargel et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2020.111754
254. Characterizing snow instability with avalanche problem types derived from snow cover simulations B. Reuter et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2021.103462
255. Seasonal evolution of snow permeability under equi-temperature and temperature-gradient conditions F. Domine et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-7-1915-2013
256. Operational water forecast ability of the HRRR-iSnobal combination: an evaluation to adapt into production environments J. Meyer et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-233-2023
257. Lateral thermokarst patterns in permafrost peat plateaus in northern Norway L. Martin et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-3423-2021
258. Hydrological Impact of the New ECMWF Multi-Layer Snow Scheme E. Zsoter et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13050727
259. Determination of snowmaking efficiency on a ski slope from observations and modelling of snowmaking events and seasonal snow accumulation P. Spandre et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-891-2017
260. RC thermal model for evaluating heat transfer mechanisms in a seasonal snow storage unit S. Pugal et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2026.132566
261. Including Parameter Uncertainty in an Intercomparison of Physically-Based Snow Models D. Günther et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2020.542599
262. Parameterization of the snow fracture energy to model the onset of crack propagation in snowpack models D. Monteiro et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-20-4515-2026
263. Are Model Transferability And Complexity Antithetical? Insights From Validation of a Variable‐Complexity Empirical Snow Model in Space and Time A. Lute & C. Luce https://doi.org/10.1002/2017WR020752
264. Snow and avalanche climates in the French Alps using avalanche problem frequencies B. Reuter et al. https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2023.23
265. A New Method for Comparing and Matching Snow Profiles, Application for Profiles Measured by Penetrometers P. Hagenmuller & T. Pilloix https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2016.00052
266. Modelling snowpack on ice surfaces with the ORCHIDEE land surface model: application to the Greenland ice sheet S. Charbit et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-5067-2024
267. openAMUNDSEN v1.0: an open-source snow-hydrological model for mountain regions U. Strasser et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-6775-2024
268. Winter tourism under climate change in the Pyrenees and the French Alps: relevance of snowmaking as a technical adaptation P. Spandre et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-1325-2019
269. Ensemble-based assimilation of fractional snow-covered area satellite retrievals to estimate the snow distribution at Arctic sites K. Aalstad et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-247-2018
270. Ensemble forecasting of snowpack conditions and avalanche hazard M. Vernay et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2015.04.010
271. Impact of climate change on snow supply in Trojena, Saudi Arabia L. Sourp et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7620/adfe3f
272. Modeling snowpack dynamics and surface energy budget in boreal and subarctic peatlands and forests J. Nousu et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-231-2024
273. Influence of warm and moist air intrusions on black carbon deposition and snowmelt in the central Arctic H. Angot et al. https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.2025.00124
274. Simulation of the microwave emission of multi-layered snowpacks using the Dense Media Radiative transfer theory: the DMRT-ML model G. Picard et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-6-1061-2013
275. Simulation of snow albedo and solar irradiance profile with the Two-streAm Radiative TransfEr in Snow (TARTES) v2.0 model G. Picard & Q. Libois https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-8927-2024
276. Sensitivity of modeled snow stability data to meteorological input uncertainty B. Richter et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-20-2873-2020
277. A Method for Diagnosing Summer Mountain Pastures' Vulnerability to Climate Change, Developed in the French Alps C. Deléglise et al. https://doi.org/10.1659/MRD-JOURNAL-D-18-00077.1
278. Macroscopic water vapor diffusion is not enhanced in snow K. Fourteau et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-389-2021
279. Use of a multilayer snow model to assess grazing conditions for reindeer D. Vikhamar-Schuler et al. https://doi.org/10.3189/2013AoG62A306
280. Bulk volumetric liquid water content in a seasonal snowpack: modeling its dynamics in different climatic conditions F. Avanzi et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2015.09.021
281. Three years of L-band brightness temperature measurements in a mountainous area: Topography, vegetation and snowmelt issues T. Pellarin et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2016.02.047
282. Saharan dust events in the European Alps: role in snowmelt and geochemical characterization B. Di Mauro et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-1147-2019
283. Analysis of local ice crystal growth in snow Q. KROL & H. LÖWE https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2016.32
284. The response of surface mass and energy balance of a continental glacier to climate variability, western Qilian Mountains, China W. Sun et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-017-3823-6
285. Toward a physically and microstructure-based equation for the evolution of the specific surface area in snow A. Braun et al. https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2024.109
286. The effect of snow: How to better model ground surface temperatures E. Jafarov et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2014.02.007
287. Application of Artificial Intelligence in the Assessment and Forecast of Avalanche Danger in the Ile Alatau Ridge V. Blagovechshenskiy et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15071438
288. Snow and meteorological conditions at Villum Research Station, Northeast Greenland: on the adequacy of using atmospheric reanalysis for detailed snow simulations D. Krampe et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2023.1053918
289. Svalbard’s 2024 record summer: An early view of Arctic glacier meltdown? T. Schuler et al. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2503806122
290. A generalized photon-tracking approach to simulate spectral snow albedo and transmittance using X-ray microtomography and geometric optics T. Letcher et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-4343-2022
291. The role of hydrothermal processes in permafrost degradation on China’s Qilian Eboling Ridge Y. Huang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2026.117759
292. The Bias‐Detecting Ensemble: A New and Efficient Technique for Dynamically Incorporating Observations Into Physics‐Based, Multilayer Snow Models A. Winstral et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018WR024521
293. A comparison of 1701 snow models using observations from an alpine site R. Essery et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2012.07.013
294. Elemental and water-insoluble organic carbon in Svalbard snow: a synthesis of observations during 2007–2018 C. Zdanowicz et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-3035-2021
295. The hydrological response of melting ephemeral snowpacks compared to winter rainfall events in a mid-mountainous Pyrenean catchment E. Nadal-Romero & J. López-Moreno https://doi.org/10.1007/s42990-024-00120-y
296. GEOtop 2.0: simulating the combined energy and water balance at and below the land surface accounting for soil freezing, snow cover and terrain effects S. Endrizzi et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-7-2831-2014
297. Snow albedo and its parameterization for natural systems and climate modeling D. Turkov et al. https://doi.org/10.31857/S2076673424030079
298. In situ continuous visible and near-infrared spectroscopy of an alpine snowpack M. Dumont et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-1091-2017
299. Snow spectral albedo at Summit, Greenland: measurements and numerical simulations based on physical and chemical properties of the snowpack C. Carmagnola et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-7-1139-2013
300. Some (do not) like it hot: shrub growth is hampered by heat and drought at the alpine treeline in recent decades L. Francon et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.1459
301. On the Importance of High-Resolution Time Series of Optical Imagery for Quantifying the Effects of Snow Cover Duration on Alpine Plant Habitat J. Dedieu et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs8060481
302. A non-stationary extreme-value approach for climate projection ensembles: application to snow loads in the French Alps E. Le Roux et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-13-1059-2022
303. Wind Tunnel Experiments: Influence of Erosion and Deposition on Wind-Packing of New Snow C. Sommer et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2018.00004
304. A model study of the response of dry and wet firn to climate change P. Munneke et al. https://doi.org/10.3189/2015AoG70A994
305. Numerical strategies for representing Richards' equation and its couplings in snowpack models K. Fourteau et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-3193-2026
306. Precipitation Analysis over the French Alps Using a Variational Approach and Study of Potential Added Value of Ground-Based Radar Observations C. Birman et al. https://doi.org/10.1175/JHM-D-16-0144.1
307. An agenda for the future of Arctic snow research: the view from Svalbard C. Zdanowicz et al. https://doi.org/10.33265/polar.v42.8827
308. Modelling climate-induced instability of ice-rich permafrost slopes J. Aga et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-20-5225-2026
309. Estimating the danger of snow avalanches with a machine learning approach using a comprehensive snow cover model R. Fromm & C. Schönberger https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mlwa.2022.100405
310. The SURFEXv7.2 land and ocean surface platform for coupled or offline simulation of earth surface variables and fluxes V. Masson et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-6-929-2013
311. Dissolved Nitrogen Speciation and Concentration During Spring Thaw in the Greenland Ice Sheet Dark Zone: Evidence for Microbial Activity A. Holland et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2022.711560
312. Evaluation of snow cover and snow water equivalent in the continental Arctic in CMIP5 models M. Santolaria-Otín & O. Zolina https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-020-05434-9
313. Improving snow depth estimation by coupling HUT-optimized effective snow grain size parameters with the random forest approach J. Yang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2021.112630
314. Modelling snowpack bulk density using snow depth, cumulative degree‐days, and climatological predictor variables A. Szeitz & R. Moore https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.14800
315. Simulating the thermal regime and thaw processes of ice-rich permafrost ground with the land-surface model CryoGrid 3 S. Westermann et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-523-2016
316. Meltwater runoff and glacier mass balance in the high Arctic: 1991–2022 simulations for Svalbard L. Schmidt et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-2941-2023
317. A method for solving heat transfer with phase change in ice or soil that allows for large time steps while guaranteeing energy conservation N. Tubini et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-2541-2021
318. Simulating liquid water distribution at the pore scale in snow: water retention curves and effective transport properties L. Bouvet et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-20-2923-2026
319. Major Issues in Simulating Some Arctic Snowpack Properties Using Current Detailed Snow Physics Models: Consequences for the Thermal Regime and Water Budget of Permafrost F. Domine et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018MS001445
320. Experimental measurements for improved understanding and simulation of snowmelt events in the Western Tatra Mountains P. Krajčí et al. https://doi.org/10.1515/johh-2016-0038
321. Comparison of traditional and optical grain-size field measurements with SNOWPACK simulations in a taiga snowpack L. Leppänen et al. https://doi.org/10.3189/2015JoG14J026
322. Application of physical snowpack models in support of operational avalanche hazard forecasting: A status report on current implementations and prospects for the future S. Morin et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2019.102910
323. GABLS4 intercomparison of snow models at Dome C in Antarctica P. Le Moigne et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-2183-2022
324. Measurement of specific surface area of fresh solid precipitation particles in heavy snowfall regions of Japan S. Yamaguchi et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-2713-2019
325. The Development Trend and Research Frontiers of Distributed Hydrological Models—Visual Bibliometric Analysis Based on Citespace F. Qin et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/w13020174
326. A Snow Density Dataset for Improving Surface Boundary Conditions in Greenland Ice Sheet Firn Modeling R. Fausto et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2018.00051
327. The Status, Applications, and Modifications of the Snowmelt Runoff Model (SRM): A Comprehensive Review N. Bhagwat et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrology12060156
328. Improving large-scale snow albedo modeling using a climatology of light-absorbing particle deposition M. Gaillard et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-769-2025
329. Multi-physics ensemble modelling of Arctic tundra snowpack properties G. Woolley et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-5685-2024
330. Assessing the seasonal compartmentalization of water fluxes in the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum of a high-elevation mountain grassland A. Gentile et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-6131-2026
331. An efficient surface energy–mass balance model for snow and ice A. Born et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-1529-2019
332. Numerical experiments on vapor diffusion in polar snow and firn and its impact on isotopes using the multi-layer energy balance model Crocus in SURFEX v8.0 A. Touzeau et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-2393-2018
333. Exploring the decision-making process in model development: focus on the Arctic snowpack C. Menard et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-4671-2024
334. Towards the assimilation of satellite reflectance into semi-distributed ensemble snowpack simulations B. Cluzet et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2019.102918
335. Operational implementation and evaluation of a blowing snow scheme for avalanche hazard forecasting V. Vionnet et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2017.12.006
336. Warm temperatures during cold season can negatively affect adult survival in an alpine bird J. Chiffard et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5715
337. The method ADAMONT v1.0 for statistical adjustment of climate projections applicable to energy balance land surface models D. Verfaillie et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-4257-2017
338. Canopy structure, topography, and weather are equally important drivers of small-scale snow cover dynamics in sub-alpine forests G. Mazzotti et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-2099-2023
339. The growth of sublimation crystals and surface hoar on the Antarctic plateau J. Gallet et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-8-1205-2014
340. Impact of errors in the downwelling irradiances on simulations of snow water equivalent, snow surface temperature, and the snow energy balance K. Lapo et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/2014WR016259
341. Uncertainties in Snowpack Simulations—Assessing the Impact of Model Structure, Parameter Choice, and Forcing Data Error on Point‐Scale Energy Balance Snow Model Performance D. Günther et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018WR023403
342. New insight from CryoSat-2 sea ice thickness for sea ice modelling D. Schröder et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-125-2019
343. Performance of precipitation phase partitioning methods and their impact on snowpack evolution in a humid continental climate N. Leroux et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.15028
344. Analyzing the sensitivity of a blowing snow model (SnowPappus) to precipitation forcing, blowing snow, and spatial resolution A. Haddjeri et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-3081-2024
345. Using MODIS land surface temperatures and the Crocus snow model to understand the warm bias of ERA-Interim reanalyses at the surface in Antarctica H. Fréville et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-8-1361-2014
346. An empirical model to calculate snow depth from daily snow water equivalent: SWE2HS 1.0 J. Aschauer et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-4063-2023
347. Modelling capillary hysteresis effects on preferential flow through melting and cold layered snowpacks N. Leroux & J. Pomeroy https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2017.06.024
348. Simulation of wind-induced snow transport and sublimation in alpine terrain using a fully coupled snowpack/atmosphere model V. Vionnet et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-8-395-2014
349. Towards a reproducible snow load map – an example for Austria H. Schellander et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/asr-18-135-2021
350. Quantifying radiative effects of light-absorbing particle deposition on snow at the SnowMIP sites E. Zorzetto et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-1313-2025
351. An improved representation of physical permafrost dynamics in the JULES land-surface model S. Chadburn et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-1493-2015
352. The RHOSSA campaign: multi-resolution monitoring of the seasonal evolution of the structure and mechanical stability of an alpine snowpack N. Calonne et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-1829-2020
353. The footprint of Asian monsoon dynamics in the mass and energy balance of a Tibetan glacier T. Mölg et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-6-1445-2012
354. Applicability of the ecosystem type approach to model permafrost dynamics across the Alaska North Slope D. Nicolsky et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JF003852
355. Blowing Snow Contributes to Positive Surface Energy Budget and Negative Surface Mass Balance During a Melting Season of Larsen C Ice Shelf, Antarctic Peninsula L. Luo & J. Zhang https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GL098864
356. Validation of the SNTHERM Model Applied for Snow Depth, Grain Size, and Brightness Temperature Simulation at Meteorological Stations in China T. Chen et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12030507
357. JULES-GL7: the Global Land configuration of the Joint UK Land Environment Simulator version 7.0 and 7.2 A. Wiltshire et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-483-2020
358. Radar-equivalent snowpack: reducing the number of snow layers while retaining their microwave properties and bulk snow mass J. Meloche et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-2949-2025
359. Insights into the North Hemisphere daily snowpack at high resolution from the new Crocus–ERA5 product S. Ramos Buarque et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-7227-2025
360. Alpine Shrubs Have Benefited More than Trees from 20th Century Warming in the French Pyrenees L. Francon et al. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4180437
361. Analysis of snowpack dynamics during the spring melt season for a sub‐alpine site using point measurements and numerical modeling M. Pleasants et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.11379
362. Simulation of snow management in Alpine ski resorts using three different snow models F. Hanzer et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2020.102995
363. Evaluation of Current Trends of Climatic Actions in Europe Based on Observations and Regional Reanalysis P. Croce et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13112025
364. Snow Equi‐Temperature Metamorphism Described by a Phase‐Field Model Applicable on Micro‐Tomographic Images: Prediction of Microstructural and Transport Properties L. Bouvet et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022MS002998
365. More Realistic Intermediate Depth Dry Firn Densification in the Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM) A. Schneider et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021MS002542
366. A high-resolution snow dataset for Switzerland (2016–2025) combining physics-based simulations and in situ observations M. Oberrauch et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-20-3387-2026
367. A new Lagrangian Adaptive Multi-Layer Snow (LAMS) scheme for modelling snowpack evolution Y. Jia et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2026.135497
368. A multiphysical ensemble system of numerical snow modelling M. Lafaysse et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-1173-2017
369. Observed long-term greening of alpine vegetation—a case study in the French Alps B. Carlson et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aa84bd
370. Snow cover prediction in the Italian central Apennines using weather forecast and land surface numerical models E. Raparelli et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-519-2023
371. Trends in avalanche problems in the French Alps between 1958 and 2020 B. Reuter et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2025.104555
372. Comparison of energy and mass balance characteristics between two glaciers in adjacent basins in the Qilian Mountains J. Chen et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-022-06641-2
373. Seasonal evolution of the effective thermal conductivity of the snow and the soil in high Arctic herb tundra at Bylot Island, Canada F. Domine et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-2573-2016
374. Validating modeled critical crack length for crack propagation in the snow cover model SNOWPACK B. Richter et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-3353-2019
375. An evaluation of a physics-based firn model and a semi-empirical firn model across the Greenland Ice Sheet (1980–2020) M. Thompson-Munson et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-2185-2023
376. Experimental determination of the absorption enhancement parameter of snow Q. Libois et al. https://doi.org/10.3189/2014JoG14J015
377. Improved representation of the contemporary Greenland ice sheet firn layer by IMAU-FDM v1.2G M. Brils et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-7121-2022
378. Snow physical properties may be a significant determinant of lemming population dynamics in the high Arctic F. Domine et al. https://doi.org/10.1139/as-2018-0008
379. 1950–2100 climate trends in avalanche activity in Haute-Maurienne, French Alps F. Doussot et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-26-4383-2026
380. Isolating forest process effects on modelled snowpack density and snow water equivalent H. Bonner et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.14475
381. Improving snow water equivalent modelling: a comparative study of hybrid machine learning techniques O. Pomarol Moya et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-20-1427-2026
382. The Greenland Firn Compaction Verification and Reconnaissance (FirnCover) dataset, 2013–2019 M. MacFerrin et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-955-2022
383. Can Saharan dust deposition impact snowpack stability in the French Alps? O. Dick et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-1755-2023
384. A wind-driven snow redistribution module for Alpine3D v3.3.0: adaptations designed for downscaling ice sheet surface mass balance E. Keenan et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-3203-2023
385. A multilayer physically based snowpack model simulating direct and indirect radiative impacts of light-absorbing impurities in snow F. Tuzet et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-2633-2017
386. FDTransformer: A firn density prediction framework combining a self-attention transformer network with firn densification physics X. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2025.113869
387. Modeling surface energy fluxes and thermal dynamics of a seasonally ice-covered hydroelectric reservoir W. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.01.101
388. Estimating alpine snow depth by combining multifrequency passive radiance observations with ensemble snowpack modeling R. Kim et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2019.03.016
389. Modeling Dry-Snow Densification without Abrupt Transition E. Morris https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences8120464
390. Prediction of natural dry-snow avalanche activity using physics-based snowpack simulations S. Mayer et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-3445-2023
391. PARASO, a circum-Antarctic fully coupled ice-sheet–ocean–sea-ice–atmosphere–land model involving f.ETISh1.7, NEMO3.6, LIM3.6, COSMO5.0 and CLM4.5 C. Pelletier et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-553-2022
392. Exploring the use of multi-source high-resolution satellite data for snow water equivalent reconstruction over mountainous catchments V. Premier et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-2387-2023
393. Changing Arctic snow cover: A review of recent developments and assessment of future needs for observations, modelling, and impacts S. Bokhorst et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-016-0770-0
394. Snow accumulation and ablation measurements in a midlatitude mountain coniferous forest (Col de Porte, France, 1325 m altitude): the Snow Under Forest (SnoUF) field campaign data set J. Sicart et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-5121-2023
395. The Multiple Snow Data Assimilation System (MuSA v1.0) E. Alonso-González et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-9127-2022
396. Cloud- and ice-albedo feedbacks drive greater Greenland Ice Sheet sensitivity to warming in CMIP6 than in CMIP5 I. Mostue et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-475-2024
397. Impact of snow thermal conductivity schemes on pan-Arctic permafrost dynamics in the Community Land Model version 5.0 A. Damseaux et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-1539-2025
398. Energy balance and snowmelt drivers of a marginal subalpine snowpack S. Bilish et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.13293
399. Sentinel-1 cross-polarization ratio as a proxy for surface mass balance across east Antarctic ice rises T. Kausch et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-20-511-2026
400. Spatial distribution and controls of snowmelt runoff in a sublimation-dominated environment in the semiarid Andes of Chile Á. Ayala et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-3463-2023
401. Version 3.0.2 of the Crocus snowpack model M. Lafaysse et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-6273-2026
402. Variability of the surface energy balance in permafrost-underlain boreal forest S. Stuenzi et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-343-2021
403. REMO2020: a modernised modular regional climate model J. Pietikäinen et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-7907-2025
404. 21st Century alpine climate change S. Kotlarski et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-022-06303-3
405. A New Regional Climate Model for POLAR‐CORDEX: Evaluation of a 30‐Year Hindcast with COSMO‐CLM2 Over Antarctica N. Souverijns et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JD028862
406. STEMMUS-UEB v1.0.0: integrated modeling of snowpack and soil water and energy transfer with three complexity levels of soil physical processes L. Yu et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-7345-2021
407. Mass balance and hydrological modeling of the Hardangerjøkulen ice cap in south-central Norway T. Eidhammer et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-4275-2021
408. Observations and simulations of new snow density in the drifting snow-dominated environment of Antarctica N. Wever et al. https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2022.102
409. Sensitivity of snow models to the accuracy of meteorological forcings in mountain environments S. Terzago et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-4061-2020
410. LunaIcy: Exploring Europa’s Icy Surface Microstructure through Multiphysics Simulations C. Mergny & F. Schmidt https://doi.org/10.3847/PSJ/ad6d6d
411. Impact of lake surface temperatures simulated by the FLake scheme in the CNRM-CM5 climate model P. Le Moigne et al. https://doi.org/10.3402/tellusa.v68.31274
412. The European mountain cryosphere: a review of its current state, trends, and future challenges M. Beniston et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-759-2018
413. Snow Albedo and its Parameterization for the Purposes of Modeling Natural Systems and Climate D. Turkov et al. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0001433824701226
414. A combined data assimilation and deep learning approach for continuous spatio-temporal SWE reconstruction from sparse ground tracks M. Guidicelli et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydroa.2024.100190
415. Firn on ice sheets C. Amory et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43017-023-00507-9
416. Seasonal evolution of suncup roughness describes broadband albedo decay on alpine snow F. Carletti et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-20-5653-2026
417. Snow depth estimation and historical data reconstruction over China based on a random forest machine learning approach J. Yang et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-1763-2020
418. Snow Depth Structure, Fractal Behavior, and Interannual Consistency Over Haut Glacier d'Arolla, Switzerland I. Clemenzi et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2017WR021606
419. Can model-based avalanche forecasts match the discriminatory skill of human danger-level forecasts? A comparison from Switzerland F. Techel et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-3333-2025
420. Prediction-Constrained Multimodal Temporal Fusion of Satellite Microwave and Infrared Observations for Continuous Snow Temperature Profile Estimation Z. Chen et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/app162110609
421. Seasonal and inter-annual evolution of the deformation of two Arctic landslides A. Aspaas et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-14-729-2026
422. Assessing the effects of earlier snow melt-out on alpine shrub growth: The sooner the better? L. Francon et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2020.106455
423. Numerical simulation of extreme snowmelt observed at the SIGMA-A site, northwest Greenland, during summer 2012 M. Niwano et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-9-971-2015
424. Observation of the process of snow accumulation on the Antarctic Plateau by time lapse laser scanning G. Picard et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-1983-2019
425. A factorial snowpack model (FSM 1.0) R. Essery https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-3867-2015
426. Combining snowpack modeling and terrestrial laser scanner observations improves the simulation of small scale snow dynamics J. Revuelto et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2015.12.015
427. A regional early warning for slushflow hazard M. Sund et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-1185-2024
428. Multi-Criteria Evaluation of Snowpack Simulations in Complex Alpine Terrain Using Satellite and In Situ Observations J. Revuelto et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10081171
429. Reanalysis Surface Mass Balance of the Greenland Ice Sheet Along K‐Transect (2000–2014) M. Navari et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GL094602
430. Predisposing, triggering and runout processes at a permafrost‐affected rock avalanche site in the French Alps (Étache, June 2020) M. Cathala et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.5881
431. Using artificial neural networks to estimate snow water equivalent from snow depth J. Odry et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/07011784.2020.1796817
432. Implementation of an intermediate-complexity snow-physics scheme (ISBA-Explicit Snow) into a sea ice model (SI3): 1D thermodynamic coupling and validation T. Brivoal et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-6885-2025
433. Identifying airborne snow metamorphism with stable water isotopes S. Wahl et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-4493-2024
434. Retrieval of snow and soil properties for forward radiative transfer modeling of airborne Ku-band SAR to estimate snow water equivalent: the Trail Valley Creek 2018/19 snow experiment B. Montpetit et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-3857-2024
435. Relationships between snowfall density and solid hydrometeors, based on measured size and fall speed, for snowpack modeling applications M. Ishizaka et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-2831-2016
436. Alpine shrubs have benefited more than trees from 20th century warming at a treeline ecotone site in the French Pyrenees L. Francon et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2022.109284
437. Review of snow water equivalent retrieval methods using spaceborne passive microwave radiometry N. Saberi et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2019.1654144
438. Assessing uncertainties in modeling the climate of the Siberian frozen soils by contrasting CMIP6 and LS3MIP Z. Luo et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-6547-2025
439. A Simple Snow-Cover Model for Avalanche Warning in Japan A. Komatsu & K. Nishimura https://doi.org/10.2151/sola.2020-041
440. CrocO_v1.0: a particle filter to assimilate snowpack observations in a spatialised framework B. Cluzet et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-1595-2021
441. Optimization of snow cover fraction parameterization in the Community Land Model: implementation and preliminary validation over the Tibetan Plateau K. Yang et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-5743-2026
442. Assimilation of surface reflectance in snow simulations: Impact on bulk snow variables J. Revuelto et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2021.126966
443. Forest Snow Patterns Derived Using ClustSnow Are Temporally Persistent Under Variable Environmental Conditions J. Geissler et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2024WR038442
444. UAV LiDAR surveys and machine learning improve snow depth and water equivalent estimates in boreal landscapes M. Ylönen et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-4585-2025
445. Enhancing simulations of snowpack properties in land surface models with the Soil, Vegetation and Snow scheme v2.0 (SVS2) V. Vionnet et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-9119-2025
446. Microstructure representation of snow in coupled snowpack and microwave emission models M. Sandells et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-229-2017
447. Snowline Altitude Estimation in Sentinel-1 Satellite Images Using an Extended Chan–Vese Method: Proof of Concept and Prototype of Fusion With Optical Data K. Kilias et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2025.3603340
448. Measurements and modeling of the vertical profile of specific surface area of an alpine snowpack S. Morin et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2012.01.010
449. Multi-instrumental monitoring of snowmelt infiltration in Vallon de Nant, Swiss Alps J. Eeckman et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-4093-2025
450. Obtaining sub-daily new snow density from automated measurements in high mountain regions K. Helfricht et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-2655-2018
451. Simulation of Northern Eurasian Local Snow Depth, Mass, and Density Using a Detailed Snowpack Model and Meteorological Reanalyses E. Brun et al. https://doi.org/10.1175/JHM-D-12-012.1
452. Thermohydrological Impact of Forest Disturbances on Ecosystem‐Protected Permafrost S. Stuenzi et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JG006630
453. Snowdrift effect on snow deposition: Insights from a comparison of a snow pit profile and meteorological observations in east Antarctica M. Ding et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11430-016-0008-4
454. Time‐Domain Reflectometry Measurements and Modeling of Firn Meltwater Infiltration at DYE‐2, Greenland S. Samimi et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JF006295
455. Impacts of Satellite-Based Snow Albedo Assimilation on Offline and Coupled Land Surface Model Simulations T. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0137275
456. Recent ground thermo-hydrological changes in a southern Tibetan endorheic catchment and implications for lake level changes L. Martin et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-4409-2023
457. Improving the CLASSIC (v1.8) snow model to better simulate Arctic snowpacks M. Lalande et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-9581-2026
458. Elements of future snowpack modeling – Part 2: A modular and extendable Eulerian–Lagrangian numerical scheme for coupled transport, phase changes and settling processes A. Simson et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-5423-2021
459. A novel numerical implementation for the surface energy budget of melting snowpacks and glaciers K. Fourteau et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-1903-2024
460. Snowpack characteristics on steep frozen rock slopes M. Phillips et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2017.05.010
461. Multi-component ensembles of future meteorological and natural snow conditions for 1500 m altitude in the Chartreuse mountain range, Northern French Alps D. Verfaillie et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-1249-2018
462. Drivers of Firn Density on the Greenland Ice Sheet Revealed by Weather Station Observations and Modeling B. Vandecrux et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2017JF004597
463. Impact of water vapor diffusion and latent heat on the effective thermal conductivity of snow K. Fourteau et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-2739-2021
464. Evaluation of updated physical snowpack model SMAP M. NIWANO et al. https://doi.org/10.5331/bgr.32.65
465. Winter soil temperature dependence of alpine plant distribution: Implications for anticipating vegetation changes under a warming climate P. Choler https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ppees.2017.11.002
466. On the retrieval of internal temperature of Antarctica Ice Sheet by using SMOS observations G. Macelloni et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2019.111405
467. Regional Impact of Snow‐Darkening on Snow Pack and the Atmosphere During a Severe Saharan Dust Deposition Event in Eurasia A. Rohde et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JF007016
468. Modelling the habitat preference of two key Sphagnum species in a poor fen as controlled by capitulum water content J. Gong et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5693-2020
469. Statistical post-processing of ensemble forecasts of the height of new snow J. Nousu et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-26-339-2019
470. Greenland Ice Sheet Elevation Change: Direct Observation of Process and Attribution at Summit R. Hawley et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL088864
471. An improved fresh snow density parameterization scheme for snow depth simulation over the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau Y. Yuan et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2026.135913
472. Improving the Representation of Polar Snow and Firn in the Community Earth System Model L. van Kampenhout et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017MS000988
473. Relating optical and microwave grain metrics of snow: the relevance of grain shape Q. Krol & H. Löwe https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-2847-2016
474. Uncertainty in East Antarctic Firn Thickness Constrained Using a Model Ensemble Approach V. Verjans et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL092060
475. Performance of MAR (v3.11) in simulating the drifting-snow climate and surface mass balance of Adélie Land, East Antarctica C. Amory et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-3487-2021
476. Investigating the dynamics of bulk snow density in dry and wet conditions using a one-dimensional model C. De Michele et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-7-433-2013
477. Macroscopic Modeling for Heat and Water Vapor Transfer in Dry Snow by Homogenization N. Calonne et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/jp5052535
478. Depth of Liquid Water Infiltration in Greenland Firn Based on L-Band Radiometry, a Snow Physics Model, and Machine Learning T. Moon et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2026.3669024
479. Spatial distribution of vertical density and microstructure profiles in near-surface firn around Dome Fuji, Antarctica R. Inoue et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-425-2024
480. Aerodynamic and Radiative Controls on the Snow Surface Temperature J. Pomeroy et al. https://doi.org/10.1175/JHM-D-15-0226.1
481. The CryoGrid community model (version 1.0) – a multi-physics toolbox for climate-driven simulations in the terrestrial cryosphere S. Westermann et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-2607-2023
482. Modelling cold firn evolution at Colle Gnifetti, Swiss/Italian Alps M. Gastaldello et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-2983-2025
483. Relating storm-snow avalanche instabilities to data collected from the Differential Emissivity Imaging Disdrometer (DEID) T. Morrison et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2023.103839
484. Greenland ice sheet mass balance from 1840 through next week K. Mankoff et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-5001-2021
485. Saharan dust impacts on the surface mass balance of Argentière Glacier (French Alps) L. Roussel et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-5201-2025
486. What Drives the Glacier Retreat, and How Do We See It? A Study of Measurement Methods and Environmental Drivers of Retreat in the Amundsenisen Glacial System, Svalbard D. Saferna et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs18172886
487. Effects of snowmelt runoff process on soil erosion in seasonal frozen districts R. Hou et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2026.109924
488. Effects of topographic and meteorological parameters on the surface area loss of ice aprons in the Mont Blanc massif (European Alps) S. Kaushik et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-4251-2022
489. Assimilation of synthetic observations of radar backscatters at Ku-band improves SWE estimates N. Leroux et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-20-2773-2026
490. Summertime evolution of snow specific surface area close to the surface on the Antarctic Plateau Q. Libois et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-9-2383-2015
491. Atmospheric rivers and winter sea ice drive recent reversal in Antarctic ice mass loss M. Kolbe et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-026-03242-3
492. Croisement de simulations numériques des conditions d'enneigement avec une base de données socio-économiques spatialisée des stations de sports d'hiver : description de l'approche, application aux Alpes françaises et introduction de la prise en compte des pratiques de gestion (damage et neige de culture) H. François et al. https://doi.org/10.1051/lhb/2016041
493. Evolution of the firn pack of Kaskawulsh Glacier, Yukon: meltwater effects, densification, and the development of a perennial firn aquifer N. Ochwat et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-2021-2021
494. Evaluating snow models with varying process representations for hydrological applications J. Magnusson et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/2014WR016498
495. A new model of dry firn-densification constrained by continuous strain measurements near South Pole C. Stevens et al. https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2023.87
496. Future permafrost conditions along environmental gradients in Zackenberg, Greenland S. Westermann et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-9-719-2015
497. Comparison of MODIS and Model-Derived Snow-Covered Areas: Impact of Land Use and Solar Illumination Conditions N. Di Marco et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences10040134
498. Increase of the energy available for snow ablation in the Pyrenees (1959–2020) and its relation to atmospheric circulation J. Bonsoms et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2022.106228
499. Automated prediction of wet-snow avalanche activity in the Swiss Alps M. Hendrick et al. https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2023.24
500. Describing Snow Instability by Failure Initiation, Crack Propagation, and Slab Tensile Support B. Reuter & J. Schweizer https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL078069
501. European In-Situ Snow Measurements: Practices and Purposes R. Pirazzini et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/s18072016
502. Improved Simulation of Arctic Circumpolar Land Area Snow Properties and Soil Temperatures A. Royer et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2021.685140