Articles | Volume 19, issue 8
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-3531-2026
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-3531-2026
Model description paper
 | 
30 Apr 2026
Model description paper |  | 30 Apr 2026

GSV-SRTS: a heterogeneous landscape soil-canopy reflectance model over sloping terrain with an extended GSV and stochastic radiative transfer theory

Siqi Li, Guyue Hu, Shaoda Li, Ronghao Yang, Junxiang Tan, Chenghao Liu, and Jinhu Bian

Cited articles

Bailey, B. N., Ponce de León, M. A., and Krayenhoff, E. S.: One-dimensional models of radiation transfer in heterogeneous canopies: a review, re-evaluation, and improved model, Geosci. Model Dev., 13, 4789–4808, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-4789-2020, 2020. 
Baret, F., Jacquemoud, S., and Hanocq, J.-F.: The soil line concept in remote sensing, Remote Sensing Reviews, 7, 65–82, 1993. 
Berk, A., Anderson, G. P., Acharya, P. K., Bernstein, L. S., and Lewis, P. E.: MODTRAN5: a reformulated atmospheric band model with auxiliary species and practical multiple scattering options, Proc. SPIE, 5425, 341–347, 2004. 
Bird, R. E. and Hulstrom, R. L.: A simplified clear sky model for direct and diffuse insolation on horizontal surfaces, Solar Energy Research Inst., Golden, CO, USA, SERI/TR-642-761, https://doi.org/10.2172/6510849, 1981. 
Campbell, G. S.: Derivation of an angle density function for canopies with ellipsoidal leaf angle distributions, Agr. Forest Meteorol., 49, 173–176, 1990. 
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Short summary
The GSV-SRTS (General spectral vector-stochastic radiative transfer model for sloping terrain)  simulates radiative transfer for heterogeneous mountain forests, addressing slope-induced uncertainties in remote sensing. Validations with benchmark models and satellite data confirm its accuracy in red/NIR bands and its capability to capture canopy-terrain effects, offering a reliable tool for improved biophysical retrieval.
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