Geoscientific Model Development
Geoscientific Model Development
GMD
Articles | Volume 18, issue 15
Articles | Volume 18, issue 15
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-4951-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-4951-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 18, issue 15
Development and technical paper
 | 
13 Aug 2025
Development and technical paper |  | 13 Aug 2025

DNS (v1.0): an open-source ray-tracing tool for space geodetic techniques

Florian Zus, Kyriakos Balidakis, Ali Hasan Dogan, Rohith Thundathil, Galina Dick, and Jens Wickert

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Short summary
Atmospheric signal propagation effects are one of the largest error sources in the analysis of space geodetic techniques. Inaccuracies in the modelling map into errors in positioning, navigation and timing. We describe the open-source ray-tracing tool DNS and show the two outstanding features of this tool compared to previous model developments: it can handle both the troposphere and the ionosphere, and it does so efficiently. This makes the tool perfectly suited for geoscientific applications.
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