Articles | Volume 18, issue 7
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-2111-2025
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-2111-2025
Methods for assessment of models
 | 
07 Apr 2025
Methods for assessment of models |  | 07 Apr 2025

Investigating carbon and nitrogen conservation in reported CMIP6 Earth system model data

Gang Tang, Zebedee Nicholls, Chris Jones, Thomas Gasser, Alexander Norton, Tilo Ziehn, Alejandro Romero-Prieto, and Malte Meinshausen

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Latest update: 13 Jun 2025
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Short summary
We analyzed carbon and nitrogen mass conservation in data from various Earth system models. Our findings reveal significant discrepancies between flux and pool size data, where cumulative imbalances can reach hundreds of gigatons of carbon or nitrogen. These imbalances appear primarily due to missing or inconsistently reported fluxes – especially for land-use and fire emissions. To enhance data quality, we recommend that future climate data protocols address this issue at the reporting stage.
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