Articles | Volume 16, issue 17
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-5131-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-5131-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Modernizing the open-source community Noah with multi-parameterization options (Noah-MP) land surface model (version 5.0) with enhanced modularity, interoperability, and applicability
National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), Boulder, Colorado,
USA
Prasanth Valayamkunnath
National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), Boulder, Colorado,
USA
Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram,
India
Michael Barlage
NOAA Environmental Modeling Center (EMC), College Park, Maryland, USA
Fei Chen
National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), Boulder, Colorado,
USA
David Gochis
National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), Boulder, Colorado,
USA
Ryan Cabell
National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), Boulder, Colorado,
USA
Tim Schneider
National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), Boulder, Colorado,
USA
Roy Rasmussen
National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), Boulder, Colorado,
USA
Guo-Yue Niu
Department of Hydrology and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
Zong-Liang Yang
Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Texas Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
Dev Niyogi
Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Texas Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
Michael Ek
National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), Boulder, Colorado,
USA
Viewed
Total article views: 9,344 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 12 Apr 2023)
| HTML | XML | Total | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6,573 | 2,584 | 187 | 9,344 | 201 | 375 |
- HTML: 6,573
- PDF: 2,584
- XML: 187
- Total: 9,344
- BibTeX: 201
- EndNote: 375
Total article views: 6,238 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 08 Sep 2023)
| HTML | XML | Total | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4,605 | 1,512 | 121 | 6,238 | 131 | 221 |
- HTML: 4,605
- PDF: 1,512
- XML: 121
- Total: 6,238
- BibTeX: 131
- EndNote: 221
Total article views: 3,106 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 12 Apr 2023)
| HTML | XML | Total | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1,968 | 1,072 | 66 | 3,106 | 70 | 154 |
- HTML: 1,968
- PDF: 1,072
- XML: 66
- Total: 3,106
- BibTeX: 70
- EndNote: 154
Viewed (geographical distribution)
Total article views: 9,344 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 9,170 with geography defined
and 174 with unknown origin.
Total article views: 6,238 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 6,064 with geography defined
and 174 with unknown origin.
Total article views: 3,106 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 3,106 with geography defined
and 0 with unknown origin.
| Country | # | Views | % |
|---|
| Country | # | Views | % |
|---|
| Country | # | Views | % |
|---|
| Total: | 0 |
| HTML: | 0 |
| PDF: | 0 |
| XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
| Total: | 0 |
| HTML: | 0 |
| PDF: | 0 |
| XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
| Total: | 0 |
| HTML: | 0 |
| PDF: | 0 |
| XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
Cited
38 citations as recorded by crossref.
- An integrated high-resolution WRF-BEPS framework for improving the meteorological forcings in hourly mountain vegetation GPP estimation T. Yang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2026.111254
- The agricultural expansion in South America's Dry Chaco: regional hydroclimate effects M. Bracalenti et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-3281-2024
- Sensitivity analysis of snow depth and surface air temperature to various WRF/Noah-MP model configurations in Central Europe Á. Varga & H. Breuer https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2024.107659
- Impacts of land use/cover changes on local meteorology and air quality in the Yangtze River Delta region of China (2001–2021) Y. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2025.07.021
- Multi-parameterization of hydrological processes in an urban canopy model Y. Huang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113567
- Sensitivity Analysis of WRF Configurations for Accurately Evaluating Operational Wind Farm Data A. Hernández‐Acosta et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/we.70007
- Global 1 km land surface parameters for kilometer-scale Earth system modeling L. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-2007-2024
- Estimating groundwater recharge across Africa during 2003–2023 using GRACE-derived groundwater storage changes V. Ferreira et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2024.102046
- Global patterns of rain-on-snow and its impacts on runoff from past to future projections F. Maina & S. Kumar https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-59855-3
- Land Surface Physics-Based Downscaling Approach for Agricultural Meteorological Prediction: Applicability for Tropical-Monsoon Region, the Red River Delta, Vietnam D. Nguyen et al. https://doi.org/10.2151/sola.2023-039
- NMH-CS 3.0: a C# programming language and Windows-system-based ecohydrological model derived from Noah-MP Y. Liu & Z. Yang https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-3157-2025
- Evaluation and development of surface layer scheme representation of temperature inversions over boreal forests in Arctic wintertime conditions J. Maillard et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-3303-2024
- OpenBench: a land model evaluation system Z. Wei et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-6517-2025
- Improving regional hydrological modeling in the Iberian Peninsula using the VIC model and optimized WRF/Noah-MP parameterizations N. Tacoronte et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pce.2026.104274
- Land surface model underperformance tied to specific meteorological conditions J. Cranko Page et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-23-263-2026
- Assessment of snow simulation using Noah-MP land surface model forced by various precipitation sources in the Central Tianshan Mountains, Central Asia T. Yang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2024.107251
- Impact of runoff schemes on global flow discharge: a comprehensive analysis using the Noah-MP and CaMa-Flood models M. Hamitouche et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-1221-2025
- Urban weather modeling using WRF: linking physical assumptions, code implementation, and observational needs P. Joshi et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-7869-2025
- Land-surface-physics-based downscaling versus conventional dynamical downscaling for high-resolution urban climate change information: The case study of two cities L. Xue et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.uclim.2024.102228
- Synergistic effects of vegetation greening and irrigation on summer climate in the Sichuan Basin, China T. Yang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2025.102612
- Modeling and applicability analysis of unfrozen water in frozen soils based on the microscopic freezing characteristics of bound water R. Bai et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.134510
- US Corn Belt enhances regional precipitation recycling Z. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2402656121
- Moisture from US Corn Belt fuels more intense convective storms Z. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-025-03089-0
- Assessing and enhancing Noah-MP land surface modeling over tropical forests using machine learning techniques Y. Cheng et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-2197-2026
- Regional simulation of water-carbon fluxes and winter wheat yield with assimilation of multi-source remote sensing data in the Haihe River Basin G. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2025.104578
- A Physically Constrained Downscaling Framework for Hourly, All-Sky Land Surface Temperature in Mountainous Regions Y. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2025.3541374
- Regional patterns of parameter sensitivity in the plant hydraulics scheme of Noah-MP: Insights into plant-water interactions W. Chen & J. Hou https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2026.111018
- High-resolution GRACE-based assessment of hydrological drought patterns and recovery dynamics across the Nile Basin countries (2003–2023) Y. Ge et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2025.102904
- Two-dimensional differential form of distributed Xinanjiang model J. Zhao et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-3745-2025
- Long-term hydroclimate trends in the Great Lakes basin: Are there hotspots of regional change? S. Shin et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2025.102347
- Implementing deep soil and dynamic root uptake in Noah-MP (v4.5): impact on Amazon dry-season transpiration C. Bieri et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-3755-2025
- Enhancing soil moisture simulation in the Northeast China permafrost region through the Noah-MP and Kalman filter X. Yuan et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2026.103362
- Key natural influences on groundwater storage changes in Central and Southern Arizona B. Mohajer et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-44132-0
- Multi-decadal drought variability in the Eastern Mediterranean and its connection to large-scale climate indices Y. Menachem & E. Strobach https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2026.103249
- Synergistic effects of precipitation and phase changes intensify future rain-on-snow events in the Tianshan and Pamir regions, Central Asia T. Yang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wace.2025.100833
- Modeling land-atmosphere energy and water exchanges in the typical alpine grassland in Tibetan Plateau using Noah-MP N. Ma https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2023.101596
- Benchmarking and evaluating the NASA Land Information System (version 7.5.2) coupled with the refactored Noah-MP land surface model (version 5.0) C. He et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-8439-2025
- Comparison of Digital Elevation Models, Stream Networks, and Land Surface Model Input Datasets in Flood-Mapping Case Studies: The 2022 Pakistan and 2024 North Carolina Floods E. Ondich et al. https://doi.org/10.1061/JHYEFF.HEENG-6826
38 citations as recorded by crossref.
- An integrated high-resolution WRF-BEPS framework for improving the meteorological forcings in hourly mountain vegetation GPP estimation T. Yang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2026.111254
- The agricultural expansion in South America's Dry Chaco: regional hydroclimate effects M. Bracalenti et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-3281-2024
- Sensitivity analysis of snow depth and surface air temperature to various WRF/Noah-MP model configurations in Central Europe Á. Varga & H. Breuer https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2024.107659
- Impacts of land use/cover changes on local meteorology and air quality in the Yangtze River Delta region of China (2001–2021) Y. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2025.07.021
- Multi-parameterization of hydrological processes in an urban canopy model Y. Huang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113567
- Sensitivity Analysis of WRF Configurations for Accurately Evaluating Operational Wind Farm Data A. Hernández‐Acosta et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/we.70007
- Global 1 km land surface parameters for kilometer-scale Earth system modeling L. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-2007-2024
- Estimating groundwater recharge across Africa during 2003–2023 using GRACE-derived groundwater storage changes V. Ferreira et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2024.102046
- Global patterns of rain-on-snow and its impacts on runoff from past to future projections F. Maina & S. Kumar https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-59855-3
- Land Surface Physics-Based Downscaling Approach for Agricultural Meteorological Prediction: Applicability for Tropical-Monsoon Region, the Red River Delta, Vietnam D. Nguyen et al. https://doi.org/10.2151/sola.2023-039
- NMH-CS 3.0: a C# programming language and Windows-system-based ecohydrological model derived from Noah-MP Y. Liu & Z. Yang https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-3157-2025
- Evaluation and development of surface layer scheme representation of temperature inversions over boreal forests in Arctic wintertime conditions J. Maillard et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-3303-2024
- OpenBench: a land model evaluation system Z. Wei et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-6517-2025
- Improving regional hydrological modeling in the Iberian Peninsula using the VIC model and optimized WRF/Noah-MP parameterizations N. Tacoronte et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pce.2026.104274
- Land surface model underperformance tied to specific meteorological conditions J. Cranko Page et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-23-263-2026
- Assessment of snow simulation using Noah-MP land surface model forced by various precipitation sources in the Central Tianshan Mountains, Central Asia T. Yang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2024.107251
- Impact of runoff schemes on global flow discharge: a comprehensive analysis using the Noah-MP and CaMa-Flood models M. Hamitouche et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-1221-2025
- Urban weather modeling using WRF: linking physical assumptions, code implementation, and observational needs P. Joshi et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-7869-2025
- Land-surface-physics-based downscaling versus conventional dynamical downscaling for high-resolution urban climate change information: The case study of two cities L. Xue et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.uclim.2024.102228
- Synergistic effects of vegetation greening and irrigation on summer climate in the Sichuan Basin, China T. Yang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2025.102612
- Modeling and applicability analysis of unfrozen water in frozen soils based on the microscopic freezing characteristics of bound water R. Bai et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.134510
- US Corn Belt enhances regional precipitation recycling Z. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2402656121
- Moisture from US Corn Belt fuels more intense convective storms Z. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-025-03089-0
- Assessing and enhancing Noah-MP land surface modeling over tropical forests using machine learning techniques Y. Cheng et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-2197-2026
- Regional simulation of water-carbon fluxes and winter wheat yield with assimilation of multi-source remote sensing data in the Haihe River Basin G. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2025.104578
- A Physically Constrained Downscaling Framework for Hourly, All-Sky Land Surface Temperature in Mountainous Regions Y. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2025.3541374
- Regional patterns of parameter sensitivity in the plant hydraulics scheme of Noah-MP: Insights into plant-water interactions W. Chen & J. Hou https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2026.111018
- High-resolution GRACE-based assessment of hydrological drought patterns and recovery dynamics across the Nile Basin countries (2003–2023) Y. Ge et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2025.102904
- Two-dimensional differential form of distributed Xinanjiang model J. Zhao et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-3745-2025
- Long-term hydroclimate trends in the Great Lakes basin: Are there hotspots of regional change? S. Shin et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2025.102347
- Implementing deep soil and dynamic root uptake in Noah-MP (v4.5): impact on Amazon dry-season transpiration C. Bieri et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-3755-2025
- Enhancing soil moisture simulation in the Northeast China permafrost region through the Noah-MP and Kalman filter X. Yuan et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2026.103362
- Key natural influences on groundwater storage changes in Central and Southern Arizona B. Mohajer et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-44132-0
- Multi-decadal drought variability in the Eastern Mediterranean and its connection to large-scale climate indices Y. Menachem & E. Strobach https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2026.103249
- Synergistic effects of precipitation and phase changes intensify future rain-on-snow events in the Tianshan and Pamir regions, Central Asia T. Yang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wace.2025.100833
- Modeling land-atmosphere energy and water exchanges in the typical alpine grassland in Tibetan Plateau using Noah-MP N. Ma https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2023.101596
- Benchmarking and evaluating the NASA Land Information System (version 7.5.2) coupled with the refactored Noah-MP land surface model (version 5.0) C. He et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-8439-2025
- Comparison of Digital Elevation Models, Stream Networks, and Land Surface Model Input Datasets in Flood-Mapping Case Studies: The 2022 Pakistan and 2024 North Carolina Floods E. Ondich et al. https://doi.org/10.1061/JHYEFF.HEENG-6826
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 11 Jun 2026
Short summary
Noah-MP is one of the most widely used open-source community land surface models in the world, designed for applications ranging from uncoupled land surface and ecohydrological process studies to coupled numerical weather prediction and decadal climate simulations. To facilitate model developments and applications, we modernize Noah-MP by adopting modern Fortran code and data structures and standards, which substantially enhance model modularity, interoperability, and applicability.
Noah-MP is one of the most widely used open-source community land surface models in the world,...