Articles | Volume 16, issue 3
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-1129-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-1129-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Model evaluation paper
| 
16 Feb 2023
Model evaluation paper |
| 16 Feb 2023
| 16 Feb 2023
CMIP6 simulations with the compact Earth system model OSCAR v3.1
Yann Quilcaille
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Integrated Assessment and Climate Change Research Group and Exploratory Modeling of Human-natural Systems Research Group, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), 2361
Laxenburg, Austria
now at: Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, Department of
Environmental Systems Sciences, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
Thomas Gasser
Integrated Assessment and Climate Change Research Group and Exploratory Modeling of Human-natural Systems Research Group, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), 2361
Laxenburg, Austria
Philippe Ciais
Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, LSCE/IPSL,
Université Paris-Saclay, CEA – CNRS – UVSQ, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette,
France
Olivier Boucher
Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace, Sorbonne Université, CNRS 75252
Paris, France
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- Assessing carbon cycle projections from complex and simple models under SSP scenarios I. Melnikova et al. 10.1007/s10584-023-03639-5
- Evaluating the near- and long-term role of carbon dioxide removal in meeting global climate objectives G. Ganti et al. 10.1038/s43247-024-01527-z
- Future land carbon removals in China consistent with national inventory Y. He et al. 10.1038/s41467-024-54846-2
- Systematic attribution of heatwaves to the emissions of carbon majors Y. Quilcaille et al. 10.1038/s41586-025-09450-9
- Potential impacts of pandemics on global warming, agricultural production, and biodiversity loss Y. Xiong (熊元康) et al. 10.1016/j.oneear.2024.02.012
- The need for carbon-emissions-driven climate projections in CMIP7 B. Sanderson et al. 10.5194/gmd-17-8141-2024
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- Requirement on the Capacity of Energy Storage to Meet the 2 °C Goal Y. Deng et al. 10.3390/su16093753
- Arctic Oceanic Carbon Cycle: A Comprehensive Review of Mechanisms, Regulations, and Models X. Ye et al. 10.3390/w16121667
- Overconfidence in climate overshoot C. Schleussner et al. 10.1038/s41586-024-08020-9
- Warming of northern peatlands increases the global temperature overshoot challenge B. Zhu et al. 10.1016/j.oneear.2025.101353
- Transferring climate change physical knowledge F. Immorlano et al. 10.1073/pnas.2413503122
- Fast climate impact emulation for global temperature scenarios with the rapid impact model emulator (RIME) E. Byers et al. 10.1088/2752-5295/adee3d
- Aligning climate scenarios to emissions inventories shifts global benchmarks M. Gidden et al. 10.1038/s41586-023-06724-y
- Quantifying airborne fraction trends and the destination of anthropogenic CO2 by tracking carbon flows in a simple climate model L. Pressburger et al. 10.1088/1748-9326/acca35
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14 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Assessing carbon cycle projections from complex and simple models under SSP scenarios I. Melnikova et al. 10.1007/s10584-023-03639-5
- Evaluating the near- and long-term role of carbon dioxide removal in meeting global climate objectives G. Ganti et al. 10.1038/s43247-024-01527-z
- Future land carbon removals in China consistent with national inventory Y. He et al. 10.1038/s41467-024-54846-2
- Systematic attribution of heatwaves to the emissions of carbon majors Y. Quilcaille et al. 10.1038/s41586-025-09450-9
- Potential impacts of pandemics on global warming, agricultural production, and biodiversity loss Y. Xiong (熊元康) et al. 10.1016/j.oneear.2024.02.012
- The need for carbon-emissions-driven climate projections in CMIP7 B. Sanderson et al. 10.5194/gmd-17-8141-2024
- Simulated responses and feedbacks of permafrost carbon under future emissions pathways and idealized solar geoengineering scenarios Y. Chen et al. 10.1088/1748-9326/ad2433
- Requirement on the Capacity of Energy Storage to Meet the 2 °C Goal Y. Deng et al. 10.3390/su16093753
- Arctic Oceanic Carbon Cycle: A Comprehensive Review of Mechanisms, Regulations, and Models X. Ye et al. 10.3390/w16121667
- Overconfidence in climate overshoot C. Schleussner et al. 10.1038/s41586-024-08020-9
- Warming of northern peatlands increases the global temperature overshoot challenge B. Zhu et al. 10.1016/j.oneear.2025.101353
- Transferring climate change physical knowledge F. Immorlano et al. 10.1073/pnas.2413503122
- Fast climate impact emulation for global temperature scenarios with the rapid impact model emulator (RIME) E. Byers et al. 10.1088/2752-5295/adee3d
- Aligning climate scenarios to emissions inventories shifts global benchmarks M. Gidden et al. 10.1038/s41586-023-06724-y
2 citations as recorded by crossref.
Latest update: 30 Oct 2025
Short summary
The model OSCAR is a simple climate model, meaning its representation of the Earth system is simplified but calibrated on models of higher complexity. Here, we diagnose its latest version using a total of 99 experiments in a probabilistic framework and under observational constraints. OSCAR v3.1 shows good agreement with observations, complex Earth system models and emerging properties. Some points for improvements are identified, such as the ocean carbon cycle.
The model OSCAR is a simple climate model, meaning its representation of the Earth system is...
