Geoscientific Model Development
Geoscientific Model Development
GMD
Articles | Volume 12, issue 8
Articles | Volume 12, issue 8
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-3707-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Special issue:
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-3707-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 12, issue 8
Model evaluation paper
 | 
23 Aug 2019
Model evaluation paper |  | 23 Aug 2019

Validation of lake surface state in the HIRLAM v.7.4 numerical weather prediction model against in situ measurements in Finland

Laura Rontu, Kalle Eerola, and Matti Horttanainen

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Latest update: 30 Mar 2025
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Short summary
Numerical weather prediction model HIRLAM includes prognostic treatment of lake surface state since 2012. Forecast is based on the Freshwater Lake model (Flake). We compared the predicted lake water temperature, freeze-up and break-up dates as well as the ice thickness and snow depth during six years over 45 lakes in Finland against observations by Finnish Environment Institute. Water surface temperatures and freezing of lakes were well predicted but the ice tended to melt too early in spring.
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Special issue
Modelling lakes in the climate system (GMD/HESS inter-journal...