Articles | Volume 12, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-363-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Special issue:
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-363-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Nemo-Nordic 1.0: a NEMO-based ocean model for the Baltic and North seas – research and operational applications
Institute of Marine Research, Bergen, Norway
Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, Bergen, Norway
Lars Axell
Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, Norrköping, Sweden
Anders Höglund
Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, Norrköping, Sweden
Christian Dieterich
Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, Norrköping, Sweden
Filippa Fransner
Department of Meteorology, Stockholm University and Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm, Sweden
Geophysical Institute, Bergen University, Bergen, Norway
Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, Bergen, Norway
Matthias Gröger
Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, Norrköping, Sweden
Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, Norrköping, Sweden
Per Pemberton
Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, Norrköping, Sweden
Semjon Schimanke
Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, Norrköping, Sweden
Helen Andersson
Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, Norrköping, Sweden
Patrik Ljungemyr
Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, Norrköping, Sweden
Petter Nygren
Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, Norrköping, Sweden
Saeed Falahat
Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, Norrköping, Sweden
Adam Nord
Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, Norrköping, Sweden
Anette Jönsson
Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, Norrköping, Sweden
Iréne Lake
Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, Norrköping, Sweden
Kristofer Döös
Department of Meteorology, Stockholm University and Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm, Sweden
Magnus Hieronymus
Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, Norrköping, Sweden
Heiner Dietze
GEOMAR, Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, Kiel, Germany
Ulrike Löptien
GEOMAR, Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, Kiel, Germany
Ivan Kuznetsov
Institute of Coastal Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum, Geesthacht, Germany
Antti Westerlund
Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
Laura Tuomi
Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
Jari Haapala
Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
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83 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Realizing the European Vertical Reference System using model-based hydrodynamic leveling data Y. Afrasteh et al.
- Nemo-Nordic 2.0: operational marine forecast model for the Baltic Sea T. Kärnä et al.
- Combining an Ecological Experiment and a Genome Scan Show Idiosyncratic Responses to Salinity Stress in Local Populations of a Seaweed A. Kinnby et al.
- The impacts of human-made structures on larval connectivity in the northern North Sea B. Barton et al.
- Recent regime of persistent hypoxia in the Baltic Sea M. Kõuts et al.
- A regional atmosphere–ocean climate system model (CCLMv5.0clm7-NEMOv3.3-NEMOv3.6) over Europe including three marginal seas: on its stability and performance C. Primo et al.
- NEMO-Bohai 1.0: a high-resolution ocean and sea ice modelling system for the Bohai Sea, China Y. Yan et al.
- Iterative data assimilation approach for the refinement of marine geoid models using sea surface height and dynamic topography datasets S. Varbla & A. Ellmann
- Applications of airborne laser scanning for determining marine geoid and surface waves properties S. Varbla et al.
- Spatial genetic structure in a crustacean herbivore highlights the need for local considerations in Baltic Sea biodiversity management P. De Wit et al.
- Shipborne GNSS-Determined Sea Surface Heights Using Geoid Model and Realistic Dynamic Topography S. Varbla et al.
- On Approaches to Improving the Description of North Sea Water Inflows in the General Circulation Models of the Baltic Sea R. Vankevich et al.
- Copernicus Ocean State Report, issue 6
- Remineralization rate of terrestrial DOC as inferred from CO2 supersaturated coastal waters F. Fransner et al.
- Joint retrieval of ocean surface wind and current vectors from satellite SAR data using a Bayesian inversion method A. Elyouncha et al.
- Polygenic adaptation from standing genetic variation allows rapid ecotype formation N. Fuhrmann et al.
- Impact of Ice Data Quality and Treatment on Wave Hindcast Statistics in Seasonally Ice-Covered Seas L. Tuomi et al.
- Ecological coherence of Marine Protected Areas: New tools applied to the Baltic Sea network P. Jonsson et al.
- Evaluation and Application of Newly Designed Finite Volume Coastal Model FESOM-C, Effect of Variable Resolution in the Southeastern North Sea I. Kuznetsov et al.
- Evaluating drivers of spatiotemporal variability in individual condition of a bottom-associated marine fish, Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) M. Lindmark et al.
- GCOAST: Skill assessments of coupling wave and circulation models (NEMO-WAM) J. Staneva et al.
- Treatment of Tide Gauge Time Series and Marine GNSS Measurements for Vertical Land Motion with Relevance to the Implementation of the Baltic Sea Chart Datum 2000 S. Varbla et al.
- Seascape genomics identify adaptive barriers correlated to tidal amplitude in the shore crabCarcinus maenas M. Jahnke et al.
- Numerical simulations of wave climate in the Baltic Sea: a review T. Soomere
- Limited ventilation of the central Baltic Sea due to elevated oxygen consumption L. Naumov et al.
- Changes in Arctic Stratification and Mixed Layer Depth Cycle: A Modeling Analysis R. Hordoir et al.
- High-Resolution Model of Clew Bay—Model Set-Up and Validation Results H. Nagy et al.
- Extreme sea levels in the Baltic Sea under climate change scenarios – Part 1: Model validation and sensitivity C. Dieterich et al.
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- GULF18, a high-resolution NEMO-based tidal ocean model of the Arabian/Persian Gulf D. Bruciaferri et al.
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- A shifting chessboard: Projections of prawn, capelin, mesopelagic fish, zooplankton, and their Nordic and Barents Seas food web under climate change I. Nilsen et al.
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- First SMOS Sea Surface Salinity dedicated products over the Baltic Sea V. González-Gambau et al.
- Realistic dynamic topography through coupling geoid and hydrodynamic models of the Baltic Sea V. Jahanmard et al.
- The Baltic Sea Model Intercomparison Project (BMIP) – a platform for model development, evaluation, and uncertainty assessment M. Gröger et al.
- Baltic Sea freshwater content U. Raudsepp et al.
- Coupled regional Earth system modeling in the Baltic Sea region M. Gröger et al.
- From weather data to river runoff: using spatiotemporal convolutional networks for discharge forecasting F. Börgel et al.
- Recruitment mechanisms of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) living in an extreme low-salinity environment U. Bergström et al.
- Refined estimates of water transport through the Åland Sea in the Baltic Sea A. Westerlund et al.
- Improving Baltic Sea wave forecasts using modelled surface currents H. Kanarik et al.
- Geographic Patterns of Head Morphology in Syngnathus typhle Across Marine Regions M. Ravisato et al.
- Compound Flooding in Halmstad: Common Causes, Interannual Variability and the Effects of Climate Change M. Hieronymus et al.
- pCO2 Algorithms for the Baltic Sea Based on Ship, Modelled, and Satellite Data S. Kuzmina & P. Lobanova
- Effects of geographical location on potentially valuable components in Ulva intestinalis sampled along the Swedish coast J. Olsson et al.
- Forcing-dependent submesoscale variability and subduction in a coastal sea area (Gulf of Finland, Baltic Sea) K. Salm et al.
- Summer heatwaves on the Baltic Sea seabed contribute to oxygen deficiency in shallow areas K. Safonova et al.
- Efficient Optimization of a Regional Water Elevation Model With an Automatically Generated Adjoint T. Kärnä et al.
- Evaluation of coupled and uncoupled ocean–ice–atmosphere simulations using icon-2024.07 and NEMOv4.2.0 for the EURO-CORDEX domain V. Maurer et al.
- Combining seascape connectivity with cumulative impact assessment in support of ecosystem‐based marine spatial planning P. Jonsson et al.
- New production across the shelf-edge in the northeastern North Sea during the stratified summer period J. Bendtsen & K. Richardson
- A data mining method for automatic identification and analysis of icebreaker assistance operation in ice-covered waters C. Liu et al.
- Validation of the coupled physical–biogeochemical ocean model NEMO–SCOBI for the North Sea–Baltic Sea system I. Ruvalcaba Baroni et al.
- Surface wave impacts on turbulent roughness length parameterization V. Haapaniemi et al.
- Determination of Accurate Dynamic Topography for the Baltic Sea Using Satellite Altimetry and a Marine Geoid Model M. Mostafavi et al.
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- Forecasting of absolute dynamic topography using deep learning algorithm with application to the Baltic Sea S. Rajabi-Kiasari et al.
- Sea level forecasting using deep recurrent neural networks with high-resolution hydrodynamic model S. Rajabi-Kiasari et al.
- Long-term mean, interannual and seasonal circulation in the Gulf of Finland — The wide salt wedge estuary or gulf type ROFI I. Maljutenko & U. Raudsepp
- Towards realistic dynamic topography from coast to offshore by incorporating hydrodynamic and geoid models V. Jahanmard et al.
- MOMSO 1.0 – an eddying Southern Ocean model configuration with fairly equilibrated natural carbon H. Dietze et al.
- The prediction of floods in Venice: methods, models and uncertainty (review article) G. Umgiesser et al.
- Quantification of hydrodynamic model sea level bias utilizing deep learning and synergistic integration of data sources V. Jahanmard et al.
- Dynamics of Upwelling and Downwelling in a Channel Basin of the Baltic Sea M. Masini et al.
- Transport dynamics in a complex coastal archipelago E. Miettunen et al.
- Identifying areas prone to coastal hypoxia – the role of topography E. Virtanen et al.
- Examining the performance of along-track multi-mission satellite altimetry – A case study for Sentinel-6 L. Heinoja et al.
- Formation and Dynamics of a Coherent Coastal Freshwater Influenced System B. Barton et al.
- Baltic sea deep salinity: an initial and boundary value problem M. Hieronymus
- Marine fungi of the Baltic Sea S. Tibell et al.
- Effects of Wave-Induced Processes in a Coupled Wave–Ocean Model on Particle Transport Simulations J. Staneva et al.
- How does assimilating satellite SSTs affected by strong diurnal warming impact higher latitude ocean forecasts? S. Iversen et al.
- Copernicus Marine Service Ocean State Report, Issue 5 K. von Schuckmann et al.
- A suggested climate service for cyanobacteria blooms in the Baltic Sea – Comparing three monitoring methods B. Karlson et al.
- Added Value of Atmosphere-Ocean Coupling in a Century-Long Regional Climate Simulation F. Kelemen et al.
- Evaluation of remote sensing and modeled chlorophyll-a products of the Baltic Sea T. Soomets et al.
- Reconstruction of Baltic Gridded Sea Levels from Tide Gauge and Altimetry Observations Using Spatiotemporal Statistics from Reanalysis J. Elken et al.
- Response of a semi-enclosed sea to perturbed freshwater and open ocean salinity forcing L. Arneborg et al.
- Revisiting the parameterization of dense water plume dynamics in geopotential coordinates in NEMO v4.2.2 R. Hordoir et al.
- Implementation and assessment of a flux limiter based wetting and drying scheme in NEMO E. O’Dea et al.
- On the Application of Machine Learning Techniques to Regression Problems in Sea Level Studies M. Hieronymus et al.
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 29 Apr 2026
Short summary
Nemo-Nordic is a regional ocean model based on a community code (NEMO). It covers the Baltic and the North Sea area and is used as a forecast model by the Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute. It is also used as a research tool by scientists of several countries to study, for example, the effects of climate change on the Baltic and North seas. Using such a model permits us to understand key processes in this coastal ecosystem and how such processes will change in a future climate.
Nemo-Nordic is a regional ocean model based on a community code (NEMO). It covers the Baltic and...
Special issue