Articles | Volume 10, issue 12
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-4723-2017
© Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-4723-2017
© Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Model description paper
| 
22 Dec 2017
Model description paper |
| 22 Dec 2017
231Pa and 230Th in the ocean model of the Community Earth System Model (CESM1.3)
Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences and Center for Climate Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
Zhengyu Liu
Atmospheric Science Program, Department of Geography, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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Cited
24 citations as recorded by crossref.
- A model study of the relative influences of scavenging and circulation on 230Th and 231Pa in the western North Atlantic P. Lerner et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2019.103159
- Inverse response of 231Pa/230Th to variations of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation in the North Atlantic intermediate water F. Süfke et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00367-019-00634-7
- Atmospheric Dust Inputs, Iron Cycling, and Biogeochemical Connections in the South Pacific Ocean From Thorium Isotopes F. Pavia et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GB006562
- Thorium isotopes in the Southeast Atlantic Ocean: Tracking scavenging during water mass mixing along neutral density surfaces M. Roy-Barman et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2019.05.002
- Mechanisms of global ocean ventilation age change during the last deglaciation L. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-1161-2024
- Remineralization dominating the δ13C decrease in the mid-depth Atlantic during the last deglaciation S. Gu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2021.117106
- Modeling Neodymium Isotopes in the Ocean Component of the Community Earth System Model (CESM1) S. Gu et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018MS001538
- Carbon isotopes and Pa∕Th response to forced circulation changes: a model perspective L. Missiaen et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-867-2020
- Fast Spin‐Up of Geochemical Tracers in Ocean Circulation and Climate Models S. Khatiwala https://doi.org/10.1029/2022MS003447
- Water‐Depth‐Dependent 231Pa/230Th Responses in the Central North Atlantic Since the Last Glacial Maximum L. Gerber et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2026PA005494
- Coupled analysis of seawater and sedimentary 231Pa/230Th in the tropical Atlantic H. Ng et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2020.103894
- Neodymium budget in the Mediterranean Sea: evaluating the role of atmospheric dusts using a high-resolution dynamical-biogeochemical model M. Ayache et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-205-2023
- A global scavenging and circulation ocean model of thorium-230 and protactinium-231 with improved particle dynamics (NEMO–ProThorP 0.1) M. van Hulten et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-3537-2018
- Evolution of Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation since the last glaciation: model simulations and relevance to present and future Z. Liu https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2022.0190
- 231Pa/230Th ratios in the Atlantic and Indian Oceans and their implications for the application of the ratios as an ocean circulation proxy A. Leal et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109448
- Modeling of 231Pa cycle and its implications on particle scavenging in the global ocean J. Meng & W. Wang https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2025.11.046
- Decomposition of Deglacial Pacific Radiocarbon Age Controls Using an Isotope‐Enabled Ocean Model H. Zanowski et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021PA004363
- Assessing the potential capability of reconstructing glacial Atlantic water masses and AMOC using multiple proxies in CESM S. Gu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2020.116294
- Low variability of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation throughout the Holocene L. Gerber et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-61793-z
- 230Th Normalization: New Insights on an Essential Tool for Quantifying Sedimentary Fluxes in the Modern and Quaternary Ocean K. Costa et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019PA003820
- Global simulation of dissolved 231Pa and 230Th in the ocean and the sedimentary 231Pa∕230Th ratios with the ocean general circulation model COCO ver4.0 Y. Sasaki et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-2013-2022
- Assessing the Ability of Zonal δ18O Contrast in Benthic Foraminifera to Reconstruct Deglacial Evolution of Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation S. Gu et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019PA003564
- Open ocean convection drives enhanced eastern pathway of the glacial Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation S. Gu et al. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2405051121
- On the cycling of 231Pa and 230Th in benthic nepheloid layers S. Chen et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2021.103627
24 citations as recorded by crossref.
- A model study of the relative influences of scavenging and circulation on 230Th and 231Pa in the western North Atlantic P. Lerner et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2019.103159
- Inverse response of 231Pa/230Th to variations of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation in the North Atlantic intermediate water F. Süfke et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00367-019-00634-7
- Atmospheric Dust Inputs, Iron Cycling, and Biogeochemical Connections in the South Pacific Ocean From Thorium Isotopes F. Pavia et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GB006562
- Thorium isotopes in the Southeast Atlantic Ocean: Tracking scavenging during water mass mixing along neutral density surfaces M. Roy-Barman et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2019.05.002
- Mechanisms of global ocean ventilation age change during the last deglaciation L. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-1161-2024
- Remineralization dominating the δ13C decrease in the mid-depth Atlantic during the last deglaciation S. Gu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2021.117106
- Modeling Neodymium Isotopes in the Ocean Component of the Community Earth System Model (CESM1) S. Gu et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018MS001538
- Carbon isotopes and Pa∕Th response to forced circulation changes: a model perspective L. Missiaen et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-867-2020
- Fast Spin‐Up of Geochemical Tracers in Ocean Circulation and Climate Models S. Khatiwala https://doi.org/10.1029/2022MS003447
- Water‐Depth‐Dependent 231Pa/230Th Responses in the Central North Atlantic Since the Last Glacial Maximum L. Gerber et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2026PA005494
- Coupled analysis of seawater and sedimentary 231Pa/230Th in the tropical Atlantic H. Ng et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2020.103894
- Neodymium budget in the Mediterranean Sea: evaluating the role of atmospheric dusts using a high-resolution dynamical-biogeochemical model M. Ayache et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-205-2023
- A global scavenging and circulation ocean model of thorium-230 and protactinium-231 with improved particle dynamics (NEMO–ProThorP 0.1) M. van Hulten et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-3537-2018
- Evolution of Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation since the last glaciation: model simulations and relevance to present and future Z. Liu https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2022.0190
- 231Pa/230Th ratios in the Atlantic and Indian Oceans and their implications for the application of the ratios as an ocean circulation proxy A. Leal et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109448
- Modeling of 231Pa cycle and its implications on particle scavenging in the global ocean J. Meng & W. Wang https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2025.11.046
- Decomposition of Deglacial Pacific Radiocarbon Age Controls Using an Isotope‐Enabled Ocean Model H. Zanowski et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021PA004363
- Assessing the potential capability of reconstructing glacial Atlantic water masses and AMOC using multiple proxies in CESM S. Gu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2020.116294
- Low variability of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation throughout the Holocene L. Gerber et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-61793-z
- 230Th Normalization: New Insights on an Essential Tool for Quantifying Sedimentary Fluxes in the Modern and Quaternary Ocean K. Costa et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019PA003820
- Global simulation of dissolved 231Pa and 230Th in the ocean and the sedimentary 231Pa∕230Th ratios with the ocean general circulation model COCO ver4.0 Y. Sasaki et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-2013-2022
- Assessing the Ability of Zonal δ18O Contrast in Benthic Foraminifera to Reconstruct Deglacial Evolution of Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation S. Gu et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019PA003564
- Open ocean convection drives enhanced eastern pathway of the glacial Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation S. Gu et al. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2405051121
- On the cycling of 231Pa and 230Th in benthic nepheloid layers S. Chen et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2021.103627
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 20 Aug 2026
Short summary
Both biotic 231Pa and 230Th and abiotic 231Pa and 230Th have been implemented in the ocean model of CESM. Under present-day climate forcing, our model is able to simulate water column 231Pa and 230Th activity and the sediment 231Pa-to-230Th activity ratio in good agreement with observations. In HOSING experiments, the biotic and abiotic sediment 231Pa-to-230Th activity ratios behave similarly over large areas of low productivity, but can differ substantially in some regions of high productivity.
Both biotic 231Pa and 230Th and abiotic 231Pa and 230Th have been implemented in the ocean model...
