Satellite observations, in situ measurements and model simulations of the 2019 Raikoke eruption (ACP/AMT/GMD inter-journal SI)(ACP/AMT/GMD inter-journal SI)
Satellite observations, in situ measurements and model simulations of the 2019 Raikoke eruption (ACP/AMT/GMD inter-journal SI)(ACP/AMT/GMD inter-journal SI)
Editor(s): GMD topic editors | Coordinators: Slimane Bekki and Graham Mann Special issue jointly organized between Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, and Geoscientific Model Development
The 2019 Raikoke eruption emitted an estimated 1.5±0.2 Tg of volcanic sulfur dioxide (SO2) into the atmosphere, which makes it the largest volcanic SO2 perturbation in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere since the 2011 eruption of Nabro. The 2019 Raikoke eruption triggered numerous discussions among scientists involved in the SPARC Volcano Response (VolRes) initiative and provides an excellent opportunity to test our understanding of processes involved in the formation, growth and removal of volcanic aerosols in the atmosphere. Remote sensing measurements from geostationary and low-orbiting satellites with ultraviolet, visible, and infrared sensors (HIMAWARI-8, OMPS/NPP, OMI/Aura, TROPOMI/SP5, IASI/MeteopA-B-C, AIRS/Aqua, CALIOP/CALIPSO, SAGE III/ISS) provided a wealth of information on the SO2 concentration, ash and sulfate aerosol particle optical properties from the initial injection through to the growth and removal of aerosols. This eruption therefore provides an excellent opportunity to inter-compare satellite observations and validate the different retrievals for SO2 and volcanic aerosol properties from new satellite sensors such as TROPOMI. After the initial injection into altitudes up to 15–16 km, the plume reached 25–26 km altitude in late 2019, which corresponds to a fast vertical ascent that appears unusual compared to previous eruptions. The fast vertical ascent of the 2019 Raikoke plume may suggest an influence of smoke aerosol from large wildfires that took place in Canada and Siberia around the time of the eruption. The veil of aerosol particles from Raikoke 2019 has noticeably reduced the transparency of the stratosphere and detailed information and measurements on the aerosol properties will be useful to constrain atmospheric and climate model simulations.

Download citations of all papers

14 Dec 2022
Volcanic cloud detection using Sentinel-3 satellite data by means of neural networks: the Raikoke 2019 eruption test case
Ilaria Petracca, Davide De Santis, Matteo Picchiani, Stefano Corradini, Lorenzo Guerrieri, Fred Prata, Luca Merucci, Dario Stelitano, Fabio Del Frate, Giorgia Salvucci, and Giovanni Schiavon
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 7195–7210, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-7195-2022,https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-7195-2022, 2022
Short summary
20 Oct 2022
Uncertainty-bounded estimates of ash cloud properties using the ORAC algorithm: application to the 2019 Raikoke eruption
Andrew T. Prata, Roy G. Grainger, Isabelle A. Taylor, Adam C. Povey, Simon R. Proud, and Caroline A. Poulsen
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 5985–6010, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-5985-2022,https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-5985-2022, 2022
Short summary
16 Sep 2022
Identification of smoke and sulfuric acid aerosol in SAGE III/ISS extinction spectra
Travis N. Knepp, Larry Thomason, Mahesh Kovilakam, Jason Tackett, Jayanta Kar, Robert Damadeo, and David Flittner
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 5235–5260, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-5235-2022,https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-5235-2022, 2022
Short summary
05 Jul 2022
Quantifying the impact of meteorological uncertainty on emission estimates and the risk to aviation using source inversion for the Raikoke 2019 eruption
Natalie J. Harvey, Helen F. Dacre, Cameron Saint, Andrew T. Prata, Helen N. Webster, and Roy G. Grainger
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 8529–8545, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-8529-2022,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-8529-2022, 2022
Short summary
25 May 2022
Improved estimation of volcanic SO2 injections from satellite retrievals and Lagrangian transport simulations: the 2019 Raikoke eruption
Zhongyin Cai, Sabine Griessbach, and Lars Hoffmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 6787–6809, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-6787-2022,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-6787-2022, 2022
Short summary
10 May 2022
Refining an ensemble of volcanic ash forecasts using satellite retrievals: Raikoke 2019
Antonio Capponi, Natalie J. Harvey, Helen F. Dacre, Keith Beven, Cameron Saint, Cathie Wells, and Mike R. James
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 6115–6134, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-6115-2022,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-6115-2022, 2022
Short summary
16 Mar 2022
Online treatment of eruption dynamics improves the volcanic ash and SO2 dispersion forecast: case of the 2019 Raikoke eruption
Julia Bruckert, Gholam Ali Hoshyaripour, Ákos Horváth, Lukas O. Muser, Fred J. Prata, Corinna Hoose, and Bernhard Vogel
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 3535–3552, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-3535-2022,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-3535-2022, 2022
Short summary
07 Mar 2022
The 2019 Raikoke volcanic eruption – Part 2: Particle-phase dispersion and concurrent wildfire smoke emissions
Martin J. Osborne, Johannes de Leeuw, Claire Witham, Anja Schmidt, Frances Beckett, Nina Kristiansen, Joelle Buxmann, Cameron Saint, Ellsworth J. Welton, Javier Fochesatto, Ana R. Gomes, Ulrich Bundke, Andreas Petzold, Franco Marenco, and Jim Haywood
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 2975–2997, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-2975-2022,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-2975-2022, 2022
Short summary
07 Feb 2022
Data assimilation of volcanic aerosol observations using FALL3D+PDAF
Leonardo Mingari, Arnau Folch, Andrew T. Prata, Federica Pardini, Giovanni Macedonio, and Antonio Costa
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 1773–1792, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-1773-2022,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-1773-2022, 2022
Short summary
02 Feb 2022
Evaluating the assimilation of S5P/TROPOMI near real-time SO2 columns and layer height data into the CAMS integrated forecasting system (CY47R1), based on a case study of the 2019 Raikoke eruption
Antje Inness, Melanie Ades, Dimitris Balis, Dmitry Efremenko, Johannes Flemming, Pascal Hedelt, Maria-Elissavet Koukouli, Diego Loyola, and Roberto Ribas
Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 971–994, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-971-2022,https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-971-2022, 2022
Short summary
06 Dec 2021
Tracking aerosols and SO2 clouds from the Raikoke eruption: 3D view from satellite observations
Nick Gorkavyi, Nickolay Krotkov, Can Li, Leslie Lait, Peter Colarco, Simon Carn, Matthew DeLand, Paul Newman, Mark Schoeberl, Ghassan Taha, Omar Torres, Alexander Vasilkov, and Joanna Joiner
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 14, 7545–7563, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-7545-2021,https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-7545-2021, 2021
Short summary
16 Aug 2021
Geometric estimation of volcanic eruption column height from GOES-R near-limb imagery – Part 1: Methodology
Ákos Horváth, James L. Carr, Olga A. Girina, Dong L. Wu, Alexey A. Bril, Alexey A. Mazurov, Dmitry V. Melnikov, Gholam Ali Hoshyaripour, and Stefan A. Buehler
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 12189–12206, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-12189-2021,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-12189-2021, 2021
Short summary
16 Aug 2021
Geometric estimation of volcanic eruption column height from GOES-R near-limb imagery – Part 2: Case studies
Ákos Horváth, Olga A. Girina, James L. Carr, Dong L. Wu, Alexey A. Bril, Alexey A. Mazurov, Dmitry V. Melnikov, Gholam Ali Hoshyaripour, and Stefan A. Buehler
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 12207–12226, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-12207-2021,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-12207-2021, 2021
Short summary
19 Jul 2021
The 2019 Raikoke volcanic eruption – Part 1: Dispersion model simulations and satellite retrievals of volcanic sulfur dioxide
Johannes de Leeuw, Anja Schmidt, Claire S. Witham, Nicolas Theys, Isabelle A. Taylor, Roy G. Grainger, Richard J. Pope, Jim Haywood, Martin Osborne, and Nina I. Kristiansen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 10851–10879, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-10851-2021,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-10851-2021, 2021
Short summary
12 Apr 2021
Measurement Report: Lidar measurements of stratospheric aerosol following the 2019 Raikoke and Ulawun volcanic eruptions
Geraint Vaughan, David Wareing, and Hugo Ricketts
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 5597–5604, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-5597-2021,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-5597-2021, 2021
Short summary
15 Jan 2021
Stratospheric aerosol layer perturbation caused by the 2019 Raikoke and Ulawun eruptions and their radiative forcing
Corinna Kloss, Gwenaël Berthet, Pasquale Sellitto, Felix Ploeger, Ghassan Taha, Mariam Tidiga, Maxim Eremenko, Adriana Bossolasco, Fabrice Jégou, Jean-Baptiste Renard, and Bernard Legras
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 535–560, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-535-2021,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-535-2021, 2021
Short summary
04 Dec 2020
Particle aging and aerosol–radiation interaction affect volcanic plume dispersion: evidence from the Raikoke 2019 eruption
Lukas O. Muser, Gholam Ali Hoshyaripour, Julia Bruckert, Ákos Horváth, Elizaveta Malinina, Sandra Wallis, Fred J. Prata, Alexei Rozanov, Christian von Savigny, Heike Vogel, and Bernhard Vogel
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 15015–15036, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-15015-2020,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-15015-2020, 2020
Short summary
CC BY 4.0