Articles | Volume 8, issue 12
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-3867-2015
© Author(s) 2015. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-3867-2015
© Author(s) 2015. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
A factorial snowpack model (FSM 1.0)
School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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Cited
79 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Daily concentration of snowfalls in the mountains of the Iberian Peninsula M. Lemus‐Canovas et al. 10.1002/joc.8338
- ESM-SnowMIP: assessing snow models and quantifying snow-related climate feedbacks G. Krinner et al. 10.5194/gmd-11-5027-2018
- The Challenges of Simulating SWE Beneath Forest Canopies are Reduced by Data Assimilation of Snow Depth E. Smyth et al. 10.1029/2021WR030563
- Daily gridded datasets of snow depth and snow water equivalent for the Iberian Peninsula from 1980 to 2014 E. Alonso-González et al. 10.5194/essd-10-303-2018
- Operational snow-hydrological modeling for Switzerland R. Mott et al. 10.3389/feart.2023.1228158
- Snow interception modelling: Isolated observations have led to many land surface models lacking appropriate temperature sensitivities J. Lundquist et al. 10.1002/hyp.14274
- A seasonal snowpack model forced with dynamically downscaled forcing data resolves hydrologically relevant accumulation patterns J. Berg et al. 10.3389/feart.2024.1393260
- Diagnosing snow accumulation errors in a rain‐snow transitional environment with snow board observations N. Wayand et al. 10.1002/hyp.11002
- Diurnal Black-Sky Surface Albedo Parameterization of Snow T. Manninen et al. 10.1175/JAMC-D-20-0036.1
- Over-winter persistence of supraglacial lakes on the Greenland Ice Sheet: results and insights from a new model R. Law et al. 10.1017/jog.2020.7
- A simple snow temperature index model exposes discrepancies between reanalysis snow water equivalent products A. Elias Chereque et al. 10.5194/tc-18-4955-2024
- A multiphysical ensemble system of numerical snow modelling M. Lafaysse et al. 10.5194/tc-11-1173-2017
- Resolving Small‐Scale Forest Snow Patterns Using an Energy Balance Snow Model With a One‐Layer Canopy G. Mazzotti et al. 10.1029/2019WR026129
- Increasing the Physical Representation of Forest‐Snow Processes in Coarse‐Resolution Models: Lessons Learned From Upscaling Hyper‐Resolution Simulations G. Mazzotti et al. 10.1029/2020WR029064
- Spatio-temporal information propagation using sparse observations in hyper-resolution ensemble-based snow data assimilation E. Alonso-González et al. 10.5194/hess-27-4637-2023
- Seasonal Variability of Snow Density in the Spanish Pyrenees E. Lastrada et al. 10.3390/w13111598
- Snow sensitivity to temperature and precipitation change during compound cold–hot and wet–dry seasons in the Pyrenees J. Bonsoms et al. 10.5194/tc-17-1307-2023
- Exploring the potential of thermal infrared remote sensing to improve a snowpack model through an observing system simulation experiment E. Alonso-González et al. 10.5194/tc-17-3329-2023
- Improving SWE Estimation by Fusion of Snow Models with Topographic and Remotely Sensed Data L. De Gregorio et al. 10.3390/rs11172033
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- An empirical model to calculate snow depth from daily snow water equivalent: SWE2HS 1.0 J. Aschauer et al. 10.5194/gmd-16-4063-2023
- Phase Transition in Geomaterials Under Unsaturated Conditions J. Cheng et al. 10.1007/s00603-023-03514-w
- Modeling the Snowpack Energy Balance during Melt under Exposed Crop Stubble P. Harder et al. 10.1175/JHM-D-18-0039.1
- Toward Snow Cover Estimation in Mountainous Areas Using Modern Data Assimilation Methods: A Review C. Largeron et al. 10.3389/feart.2020.00325
- Impact of climate change on snowpack dynamics in coastal Central-Western Greenland J. Bonsoms et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169616
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- Regionally optimized high-resolution input datasets enhance the representation of snow cover in CLM5 J. Malle et al. 10.5194/esd-15-1073-2024
- TopoPyScale: A Python Package for Hillslope Climate Downscaling S. Filhol et al. 10.21105/joss.05059
- Canopy structure, topography, and weather are equally important drivers of small-scale snow cover dynamics in sub-alpine forests G. Mazzotti et al. 10.5194/hess-27-2099-2023
- Canopy Structure and Air Temperature Inversions Impact Simulation of Sub‐Canopy Longwave Radiation in Snow‐Covered Boreal Forests N. Rutter et al. 10.1029/2022JD037980
- The snow cover is more important than other climatic variables on the prediction of vegetation dynamics in the Pyrenees (1981–2014) E. Alonso-González et al. 10.1088/1748-9326/ad4e4c
- Estimation of the spatiotemporal dynamic of snow water equivalent at mountain range scale under data scarcity A. Collados-Lara et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140485
- Exploring the potential of forest snow modeling at the tree and snowpack layer scale G. Mazzotti et al. 10.5194/tc-18-4607-2024
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- Plant Traits are Key Determinants in Buffering the Meteorological Sensitivity of Net Carbon Exchanges of Arctic Tundra E. López‐Blanco et al. 10.1029/2018JG004386
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- The European mountain cryosphere: a review of its current state, trends, and future challenges M. Beniston et al. 10.5194/tc-12-759-2018
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- Microstructure representation of snow in coupled snowpack and microwave emission models M. Sandells et al. 10.5194/tc-11-229-2017
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- Snow model comparison to simulate snow depth evolution and sublimation at point scale in the semi-arid Andes of Chile A. Voordendag et al. 10.5194/tc-15-4241-2021
- A Novel Data Fusion Technique for Snow Cover Retrieval L. De Gregorio et al. 10.1109/JSTARS.2019.2920676
- Groundwater recharge and hydrodynamics of complex volcanic aquifers with a shallow saline lake: Laguna Tuyajto, Andean Cordillera of northern Chile J. Urrutia et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134116
- Multi-physics ensemble modelling of Arctic tundra snowpack properties G. Woolley et al. 10.5194/tc-18-5685-2024
- Measurement of unsaturated meltwater percolation flux in seasonal snowpack using self-potential W. Clayton 10.1017/jog.2021.67
- Snowpack sensitivity to temperature, precipitation, and solar radiation variability over an elevational gradient in the Iberian mountains E. Alonso-González et al. 10.1016/j.atmosres.2020.104973
- Multi-year data-model evaluation reveals the importance of nutrient availability over climate in arctic ecosystem C dynamics E. López-Blanco et al. 10.1088/1748-9326/ab865b
- A Meteorology and Snow Data Set From Adjacent Forested and Meadow Sites at Crested Butte, CO, USA H. Bonner et al. 10.1029/2022WR033006
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- Multi-physics ensemble snow modelling in the western Himalaya D. Pritchard et al. 10.5194/tc-14-1225-2020
- Impact of North Atlantic Oscillation on the Snowpack in Iberian Peninsula Mountains E. Alonso-González et al. 10.3390/w12010105
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- Uncertainties in Snowpack Simulations—Assessing the Impact of Model Structure, Parameter Choice, and Forcing Data Error on Point‐Scale Energy Balance Snow Model Performance D. Günther et al. 10.1029/2018WR023403
- Towards the assimilation of satellite reflectance into semi-distributed ensemble snowpack simulations B. Cluzet et al. 10.1016/j.coldregions.2019.102918
- Snow redistribution in an intermediate-complexity snow hydrology modelling framework L. Quéno et al. 10.5194/tc-18-3533-2024
- Canopy effects on snow sublimation from a central Arizona Basin B. Svoma 10.1002/2016JD025184
- Isolating forest process effects on modelled snowpack density and snow water equivalent H. Bonner et al. 10.1002/hyp.14475
- Representing spatial variability of forest snow: Implementation of a new interception model D. Moeser et al. 10.1002/2015WR017961
78 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Daily concentration of snowfalls in the mountains of the Iberian Peninsula M. Lemus‐Canovas et al. 10.1002/joc.8338
- ESM-SnowMIP: assessing snow models and quantifying snow-related climate feedbacks G. Krinner et al. 10.5194/gmd-11-5027-2018
- The Challenges of Simulating SWE Beneath Forest Canopies are Reduced by Data Assimilation of Snow Depth E. Smyth et al. 10.1029/2021WR030563
- Daily gridded datasets of snow depth and snow water equivalent for the Iberian Peninsula from 1980 to 2014 E. Alonso-González et al. 10.5194/essd-10-303-2018
- Operational snow-hydrological modeling for Switzerland R. Mott et al. 10.3389/feart.2023.1228158
- Snow interception modelling: Isolated observations have led to many land surface models lacking appropriate temperature sensitivities J. Lundquist et al. 10.1002/hyp.14274
- A seasonal snowpack model forced with dynamically downscaled forcing data resolves hydrologically relevant accumulation patterns J. Berg et al. 10.3389/feart.2024.1393260
- Diagnosing snow accumulation errors in a rain‐snow transitional environment with snow board observations N. Wayand et al. 10.1002/hyp.11002
- Diurnal Black-Sky Surface Albedo Parameterization of Snow T. Manninen et al. 10.1175/JAMC-D-20-0036.1
- Over-winter persistence of supraglacial lakes on the Greenland Ice Sheet: results and insights from a new model R. Law et al. 10.1017/jog.2020.7
- A simple snow temperature index model exposes discrepancies between reanalysis snow water equivalent products A. Elias Chereque et al. 10.5194/tc-18-4955-2024
- A multiphysical ensemble system of numerical snow modelling M. Lafaysse et al. 10.5194/tc-11-1173-2017
- Resolving Small‐Scale Forest Snow Patterns Using an Energy Balance Snow Model With a One‐Layer Canopy G. Mazzotti et al. 10.1029/2019WR026129
- Increasing the Physical Representation of Forest‐Snow Processes in Coarse‐Resolution Models: Lessons Learned From Upscaling Hyper‐Resolution Simulations G. Mazzotti et al. 10.1029/2020WR029064
- Spatio-temporal information propagation using sparse observations in hyper-resolution ensemble-based snow data assimilation E. Alonso-González et al. 10.5194/hess-27-4637-2023
- Seasonal Variability of Snow Density in the Spanish Pyrenees E. Lastrada et al. 10.3390/w13111598
- Snow sensitivity to temperature and precipitation change during compound cold–hot and wet–dry seasons in the Pyrenees J. Bonsoms et al. 10.5194/tc-17-1307-2023
- Exploring the potential of thermal infrared remote sensing to improve a snowpack model through an observing system simulation experiment E. Alonso-González et al. 10.5194/tc-17-3329-2023
- Improving SWE Estimation by Fusion of Snow Models with Topographic and Remotely Sensed Data L. De Gregorio et al. 10.3390/rs11172033
- Exploring how Sentinel-1 wet-snow maps can inform fully distributed physically based snowpack models B. Cluzet et al. 10.5194/tc-18-5753-2024
- Operational water forecast ability of the HRRR-iSnobal combination: an evaluation to adapt into production environments J. Meyer et al. 10.5194/gmd-16-233-2023
- Effect of small-scale snow surface roughness on snow albedo and reflectance T. Manninen et al. 10.5194/tc-15-793-2021
- An empirical model to calculate snow depth from daily snow water equivalent: SWE2HS 1.0 J. Aschauer et al. 10.5194/gmd-16-4063-2023
- Phase Transition in Geomaterials Under Unsaturated Conditions J. Cheng et al. 10.1007/s00603-023-03514-w
- Modeling the Snowpack Energy Balance during Melt under Exposed Crop Stubble P. Harder et al. 10.1175/JHM-D-18-0039.1
- Toward Snow Cover Estimation in Mountainous Areas Using Modern Data Assimilation Methods: A Review C. Largeron et al. 10.3389/feart.2020.00325
- Impact of climate change on snowpack dynamics in coastal Central-Western Greenland J. Bonsoms et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169616
- The Canadian Hydrological Model (CHM) v1.0: a multi-scale, multi-extent, variable-complexity hydrological model – design and overview C. Marsh et al. 10.5194/gmd-13-225-2020
- A Downscaling Intercomparison Study: The Representation of Slope- and Ridge-Scale Processes in Models of Different Complexity B. Kruyt et al. 10.3389/feart.2022.789332
- Snow climatology for the mountains in the Iberian Peninsula using satellite imagery and simulations with dynamically downscaled reanalysis data E. Alonso‐González et al. 10.1002/joc.6223
- openAMUNDSEN v1.0: an open-source snow-hydrological model for mountain regions U. Strasser et al. 10.5194/gmd-17-6775-2024
- Detecting snow-related signals in radial growth of Pinus uncinata mountain forests A. Sanmiguel-Vallelado et al. 10.1016/j.dendro.2019.125622
- Process‐Level Evaluation of a Hyper‐Resolution Forest Snow Model Using Distributed Multisensor Observations G. Mazzotti et al. 10.1029/2020WR027572
- Snowpack dynamics in the Lebanese mountains from quasi-dynamically downscaled ERA5 reanalysis updated by assimilating remotely sensed fractional snow-covered area E. Alonso-González et al. 10.5194/hess-25-4455-2021
- Spatially continuous snow depth mapping by aeroplane photogrammetry for annual peak of winter from 2017 to 2021 in open areas L. Bührle et al. 10.5194/tc-17-3383-2023
- Regionally optimized high-resolution input datasets enhance the representation of snow cover in CLM5 J. Malle et al. 10.5194/esd-15-1073-2024
- TopoPyScale: A Python Package for Hillslope Climate Downscaling S. Filhol et al. 10.21105/joss.05059
- Canopy structure, topography, and weather are equally important drivers of small-scale snow cover dynamics in sub-alpine forests G. Mazzotti et al. 10.5194/hess-27-2099-2023
- Canopy Structure and Air Temperature Inversions Impact Simulation of Sub‐Canopy Longwave Radiation in Snow‐Covered Boreal Forests N. Rutter et al. 10.1029/2022JD037980
- The snow cover is more important than other climatic variables on the prediction of vegetation dynamics in the Pyrenees (1981–2014) E. Alonso-González et al. 10.1088/1748-9326/ad4e4c
- Estimation of the spatiotemporal dynamic of snow water equivalent at mountain range scale under data scarcity A. Collados-Lara et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140485
- Exploring the potential of forest snow modeling at the tree and snowpack layer scale G. Mazzotti et al. 10.5194/tc-18-4607-2024
- Towards the development of an automated electrical self-potential sensor of melt and rainwater flow in snow A. Priestley et al. 10.1017/jog.2021.128
- The Multiple Snow Data Assimilation System (MuSA v1.0) E. Alonso-González et al. 10.5194/gmd-15-9127-2022
- Plant Traits are Key Determinants in Buffering the Meteorological Sensitivity of Net Carbon Exchanges of Arctic Tundra E. López‐Blanco et al. 10.1029/2018JG004386
- Marginal snowpacks: The basis for a global definition and existing research needs J. López-Moreno et al. 10.1016/j.earscirev.2024.104751
- TopoCLIM: rapid topography-based downscaling of regional climate model output in complex terrain v1.1 J. Fiddes et al. 10.5194/gmd-15-1753-2022
- The European mountain cryosphere: a review of its current state, trends, and future challenges M. Beniston et al. 10.5194/tc-12-759-2018
- Including Parameter Uncertainty in an Intercomparison of Physically-Based Snow Models D. Günther et al. 10.3389/feart.2020.542599
- Improving SWE Estimation With Data Assimilation: The Influence of Snow Depth Observation Timing and Uncertainty E. Smyth et al. 10.1029/2019WR026853
- Rain-on-snow responses to warmer Pyrenees: a sensitivity analysis using a physically based snow hydrological model J. Bonsoms et al. 10.5194/nhess-24-245-2024
- Influence of Spatial Resolution on Snow Cover Dynamics for a Coastal and Mountainous Region at High Latitudes (Norway) J. Magnusson et al. 10.1029/2019WR024925
- The future of tundra carbon storage in Greenland – Sensitivity to climate and plant trait changes E. López-Blanco et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157385
- Combined influence of maximum accumulation and melt rates on the duration of the seasonal snowpack over temperate mountains E. Alonso-González et al. 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2022.127574
- Microstructure representation of snow in coupled snowpack and microwave emission models M. Sandells et al. 10.5194/tc-11-229-2017
- Validation of the SNTHERM Model Applied for Snow Depth, Grain Size, and Brightness Temperature Simulation at Meteorological Stations in China T. Chen et al. 10.3390/rs12030507
- Simulating the thermal regime and thaw processes of ice-rich permafrost ground with the land-surface model CryoGrid 3 S. Westermann et al. 10.5194/gmd-9-523-2016
- Spatio‐temporal wet snow dynamics from model simulations and remote sensing: A case study from the Rofental, Austria E. Rottler et al. 10.1002/hyp.15279
- Snow model comparison to simulate snow depth evolution and sublimation at point scale in the semi-arid Andes of Chile A. Voordendag et al. 10.5194/tc-15-4241-2021
- A Novel Data Fusion Technique for Snow Cover Retrieval L. De Gregorio et al. 10.1109/JSTARS.2019.2920676
- Groundwater recharge and hydrodynamics of complex volcanic aquifers with a shallow saline lake: Laguna Tuyajto, Andean Cordillera of northern Chile J. Urrutia et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134116
- Multi-physics ensemble modelling of Arctic tundra snowpack properties G. Woolley et al. 10.5194/tc-18-5685-2024
- Measurement of unsaturated meltwater percolation flux in seasonal snowpack using self-potential W. Clayton 10.1017/jog.2021.67
- Snowpack sensitivity to temperature, precipitation, and solar radiation variability over an elevational gradient in the Iberian mountains E. Alonso-González et al. 10.1016/j.atmosres.2020.104973
- Multi-year data-model evaluation reveals the importance of nutrient availability over climate in arctic ecosystem C dynamics E. López-Blanco et al. 10.1088/1748-9326/ab865b
- A Meteorology and Snow Data Set From Adjacent Forested and Meadow Sites at Crested Butte, CO, USA H. Bonner et al. 10.1029/2022WR033006
- Development of the snow- and ice-accounting routine (SIAR) D. Ruelland 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2023.129867
- Seasonal snow–atmosphere modeling: let's do it D. Reynolds et al. 10.5194/tc-18-4315-2024
- Targeting high robustness in snowpack modeling for Nordic hydrological applications in limited data conditions A. Mas et al. 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2018.07.071
- Snow Multidata Mapping and Modeling (S3M) 5.1: a distributed cryospheric model with dry and wet snow, data assimilation, glacier mass balance, and debris-driven melt F. Avanzi et al. 10.5194/gmd-15-4853-2022
- Multi-physics ensemble snow modelling in the western Himalaya D. Pritchard et al. 10.5194/tc-14-1225-2020
- Impact of North Atlantic Oscillation on the Snowpack in Iberian Peninsula Mountains E. Alonso-González et al. 10.3390/w12010105
- Microwave radiometry experiment for snow in Altay, China: time series of in situ data for electromagnetic and physical features of snowpack L. Dai et al. 10.5194/essd-14-3509-2022
- Uncertainties in Snowpack Simulations—Assessing the Impact of Model Structure, Parameter Choice, and Forcing Data Error on Point‐Scale Energy Balance Snow Model Performance D. Günther et al. 10.1029/2018WR023403
- Towards the assimilation of satellite reflectance into semi-distributed ensemble snowpack simulations B. Cluzet et al. 10.1016/j.coldregions.2019.102918
- Snow redistribution in an intermediate-complexity snow hydrology modelling framework L. Quéno et al. 10.5194/tc-18-3533-2024
- Canopy effects on snow sublimation from a central Arizona Basin B. Svoma 10.1002/2016JD025184
- Isolating forest process effects on modelled snowpack density and snow water equivalent H. Bonner et al. 10.1002/hyp.14475
1 citations as recorded by crossref.
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Latest update: 13 Dec 2024
Short summary
Models of snow on the ground need to represent processes of solar radiation absorption, heat conduction, liquid water movement and compaction in snow and transfers of heat from the atmosphere. There are many such models in use, but their wide range in complexity makes it hard to understand how differences in process representations determine differences in predictions. Processes in the factorial snow model can be switched on or off independently, allowing highly controlled numerical experiments.
Models of snow on the ground need to represent processes of solar radiation absorption, heat...