99 citations as recorded by crossref.

1. Long-term firn and mass balance modelling for Abramov Glacier in the data-scarce Pamir Alay M. Kronenberg et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-5001-2022
2. Permafrost is warming at a global scale B. Biskaborn et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-08240-4
3. Operational snow-hydrological modeling for Switzerland R. Mott et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2023.1228158
4. Subgridding high-resolution numerical weather forecast in the Canadian Selkirk mountain range for local snow modeling in a remote sensing perspective P. Billecocq et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-2765-2024
5. A ground temperature map of the North Atlantic permafrost region based on remote sensing and reanalysis data S. Westermann et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-9-1303-2015
6. Central Asia's spatiotemporal glacier response ambiguity due to data inconsistencies and regional simplifications M. Barandun & E. Pohl https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-1343-2023
7. Recent ground thermo-hydrological changes in a southern Tibetan endorheic catchment and implications for lake level changes L. Martin et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-4409-2023
8. Machine learning for snow depth estimation over the European Alps, using Sentinel-1 observations, meteorological forcing data and process-based model simulations L. Boeykens et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-20-3187-2026
9. Climate of the Marrakech High Atlas, Morocco: Temperature lapse rates and precipitation gradient from piedmont to summits B. Bell et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/15230430.2022.2046897
10. Upstream hydrology and the importance of snowmelt in buffering droughts in the Karnali basin in Nepal P. Pokhrel et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/frwa.2025.1720178
11. Clear Sky influence on temperature fluctuations in Chefchaouen, Western Rif, Morocco A. Al mashoudi & A. El baye https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-025-12382-3
12. Suitability of North American Regional Reanalysis (NARR) output for hydrologic modelling and analysis in mountainous terrain J. Trubilowicz et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10795
13. Modelling snowpack bulk density using snow depth, cumulative degree‐days, and climatological predictor variables A. Szeitz & R. Moore https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.14800
14. Ground temperature variations in a talus slope influenced by permafrost: a comparison of field observations and model simulations B. Staub et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-70-45-2015
15. The Land surface Data Toolkit (LDT v7.2) – a data fusion environment for land data assimilation systems K. Arsenault et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-3605-2018
16. Measured and Modeled Historical Precipitation Trends for Svalbard E. Førland et al. https://doi.org/10.1175/JHM-D-19-0252.1
17. Comparisons of statistical downscaling methods for air temperature over the Qilian Mountains H. Jin et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-022-04081-w
18. Deglaciation patterns in the Upper Zemmgrund, Austria: An exploration of clean-ice disintegration scenarios H. Wytiahlowsky et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2024.109113
19. Multi-scale snowdrift-permitting modelling of mountain snowpack V. Vionnet et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-743-2021
20. New projections of 21st century climate and hydrology for Alaska and Hawaiʻi N. Mizukami et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cliser.2022.100312
21. MHATCN: Integrating local patterns and long-range dependencies for snow albedo forecasting R. Kumar et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2026.104883
22. Quality of Local Scale Surface Weather Analogs in Two Climatologically and Geographically Distinct Mountainous Regions D. Singh & A. Kumar https://doi.org/10.1007/s00703-022-00861-1
23. Northern Hemisphere permafrost map based on TTOP modelling for 2000–2016 at 1 km2 scale J. Obu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2019.04.023
24. The effects of late Cenozoic climate change on the global distribution of frost cracking H. Sharma et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-10-997-2022
25. Slope Environmental Lapse Rate (SELR) of Temperature in the Monsoon Regime of the Western Himalaya R. Thayyen & A. Dimri https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2018.00042
26. How can biosphere models simulate enough vegetation biomass in the mountains of the western United States? Implications of meteorological forcing H. Duarte et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2021.105288
27. A Physically Based Atmospheric Variables Downscaling Technique T. Rouf et al. https://doi.org/10.1175/JHM-D-19-0109.1
28. A Finite Volume Blowing Snow Model for Use With Variable Resolution Meshes C. Marsh et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019WR025307
29. Interactive effects of species composition, site quality, and drought on growth dynamics of Norway spruce and Scots pine stands in Norway C. Kuehne et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122804
30. Meteorological Applications Benefiting from an Improved Understanding of Atmospheric Exchange Processes over Mountains S. De Wekker et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos9100371
31. Sensitivity of Spring Phenology Simulations to the Selection of Model Structure and Driving Meteorological Data R. Dávid et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12080963
32. Spatial downscaling of precipitation for hydrological modelling: Assessing a simple method and its application under climate change in Britain A. Kay et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.14823
33. Performance improvements to modern hydrological models via lookup table optimizations C. Marsh et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2021.105018
34. GlobSim (v1.0): deriving meteorological time series for point locations from multiple global reanalyses B. Cao et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-4661-2019
35. Resilience to late frost and drought of mixed forests with Turkey oak and silver fir in southern Italy C. Lisella et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122539
36. GeoDS (v.1.0): a simple Geographical DownScaling model for long-term precipitation data over complex terrains J. Brenner et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-1075-2026
37. TopoCLIM: rapid topography-based downscaling of regional climate model output in complex terrain v1.1 J. Fiddes et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-1753-2022
38. Pan-Antarctic map of near-surface permafrost temperatures at 1 km2 scale J. Obu et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-497-2020
39. CHELSA-W5E5: daily 1 km meteorological forcing data for climate impact studies D. Karger et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-2445-2023
40. Spatio-temporal reconstruction of winter glacier mass balance in the Alps, Scandinavia, Central Asia and western Canada (1981–2019) using climate reanalyses and machine learning M. Guidicelli et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-977-2023
41. Hyper-resolution ensemble-based snow reanalysis in mountain regions using clustering J. Fiddes et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-4717-2019
42. Spatial Analyses and Susceptibility Modeling of Thermokarst Lakes in Permafrost Landscapes along the Qinghai–Tibet Engineering Corridor G. Yin et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13101974
43. Scenario setup and forcing data for impact model evaluation and impact attribution within the third round of the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project (ISIMIP3a) K. Frieler et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-1-2024
44. Spatial Distribution of Permafrost in the Xing’an Mountains of Northeast China from 2001 to 2018 Y. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/land10111127
45. Augmenting daily MODIS LST with AIRS surface temperature retrievals to estimate ground temperature and permafrost extent in High Mountain Asia K. Kim et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2024.114075
46. Acceleration of coastal-retreat rates for high-Arctic rock cliffs on Brøggerhalvøya, Svalbard, over the past decade J. Aga et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-12-1049-2024
47. The role of hydrothermal processes in permafrost degradation on China’s Qilian Eboling Ridge Y. Huang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2026.117759
48. Evaluation of High Mountain Asia‐Land Data Assimilation System (Version 1) From 2003 to 2016, Part I: A Hyper‐Resolution Terrestrial Modeling System Y. Xue et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JD034131
49. A parameterization of sub-grid topographical effects on solar radiation in the E3SM Land Model (version 1.0): implementation and evaluation over the Tibetan Plateau D. Hao et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-6273-2021
50. Performances of NCEP-NCAR and NCEP-DOE reanalysis data for winter seasonal mean air temperature and winter seasonal total precipitation amount over the Western Himalayas (WH) D. Singh et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00703-017-0532-y
51. REDCAPP (v1.0): parameterizing valley inversions in air temperature data downscaled from reanalyses B. Cao et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-2905-2017
52. Modelling rock wall permafrost degradation in the Mont Blanc massif from the LIA to the end of the 21st century F. Magnin et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-1813-2017
53. The influence of surface characteristics, topography and continentality on mountain permafrost in British Columbia A. Hasler et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-9-1025-2015
54. Improving Snow‐Process Modeling by Evaluating Reanalysis Vertical Temperature Profiles Using a Distributed Hydrological Model A. Moiz et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JD036174
55. Downscaling near-surface atmospheric fields with multi-objective Genetic Programming T. Zerenner et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2016.06.009
56. Snowpack dynamics in the Lebanese mountains from quasi-dynamically downscaled ERA5 reanalysis updated by assimilating remotely sensed fractional snow-covered area E. Alonso-González et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-4455-2021
57. Late Quaternary Permafrost Distributions Downscaled for South America: Examinations of GCM‐based Maps with Observations K. Saito et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp.1863
58. Future permafrost conditions along environmental gradients in Zackenberg, Greenland S. Westermann et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-9-719-2015
59. Heat Stress Metrics for US Census Tracts 1998–2020 R. Rahai et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-026-06909-w
60. Modeling surface longwave radiation over high-relief terrain G. Yan et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2019.111556
61. Modelling the temporal dynamics of subarctic surface temperature inversions from atmospheric reanalysis for producing point-scale multi-decade meteorological time series in mountains V. Pozsgay & S. Gruber https://doi.org/10.1139/as-2025-0027
62. Modelling glacier mass balance and climate sensitivity in the context of sparse observations: application to Saskatchewan Glacier, western Canada C. Kinnard et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-3071-2022
63. TopoPyScale: A Python Package for Hillslope Climate Downscaling S. Filhol et al. https://doi.org/10.21105/joss.05059
64. Ensemble-based assimilation of fractional snow-covered area satellite retrievals to estimate the snow distribution at Arctic sites K. Aalstad et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-247-2018
65. Downscaled hyper-resolution (400 m) gridded datasets of daily precipitation and temperature (2008–2019) for the East–Taylor subbasin (western United States) U. Mital et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-4949-2022
66. Multi-Criteria Evaluation of Snowpack Simulations in Complex Alpine Terrain Using Satellite and In Situ Observations J. Revuelto et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10081171
67. Reconstructed Centennial Mass Balance Change for Golubin Glacier, Northern Tien Shan E. Azisov et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13060954
68. Water content and ground temperature variations in the active layer of a rock glacier in the Central Andes of San Juan, Argentina M. López et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.5926
69. Downscaling of surface wind forecasts using convolutional neural networks F. Dupuy et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-30-553-2023
70. The Multiple Snow Data Assimilation System (MuSA v1.0) E. Alonso-González et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-9127-2022
71. Ensemble-based data assimilation improves hyperresolution snowpack simulations in forests E. Alonso-González et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-20-209-2026
72. A tool for downscaling weather data from large-grid reanalysis products to finer spatial scales for distributed hydrological applications A. Sen Gupta & D. Tarboton https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2016.06.014
73. Sval_Imp: a gridded forcing dataset for climate change impact research on Svalbard T. Schuler & T. Østby https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-875-2020
74. Changing Arctic snow cover: A review of recent developments and assessment of future needs for observations, modelling, and impacts S. Bokhorst et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-016-0770-0
75. Parameterizing surface wind speed over complex topography N. Helbig et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JD025593
76. Numerical Weather Forecasts at Kilometer Scale in the French Alps: Evaluation and Application for Snowpack Modeling V. Vionnet et al. https://doi.org/10.1175/JHM-D-15-0241.1
77. Impacts of Sub‐Grid Topographic Representations on Surface Energy Balance and Boundary Conditions in the E3SM Land Model: A Case Study in Sierra Nevada D. Hao et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021MS002862
78. Large-area land surface simulations in heterogeneous terrain driven by global data sets: application to mountain permafrost J. Fiddes et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-9-411-2015
79. Diagnosing the decline in climatic mass balance of glaciers in Svalbard over 1957–2014 T. Østby et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-191-2017
80. Ensemble numerical simulation of permafrost thermal regimes over the Tibetan Plateau using the Flexible Permafrost Model: 1950–2023 W. Sun & B. Cao https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-20-2681-2026
81. The Canadian Hydrological Model (CHM) v1.0: a multi-scale, multi-extent, variable-complexity hydrological model – design and overview C. Marsh et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-225-2020
82. Correcting for Systematic Underestimation of Topographic Glacier Aerodynamic Roughness Values From Hintereisferner, Austria J. Chambers et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2021.691195
83. A massive rock and ice avalanche caused the 2021 disaster at Chamoli, Indian Himalaya D. Shugar et al. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abh4455
84. Mid‐Holocene frozen ground in China from PMIP3 simulations Y. Liu & D. Jiang https://doi.org/10.1111/bor.12285
85. A Downscaling Intercomparison Study: The Representation of Slope- and Ridge-Scale Processes in Models of Different Complexity B. Kruyt et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2022.789332
86. Review article: Inferring permafrost and permafrost thaw in the mountains of the Hindu Kush Himalaya region S. Gruber et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-81-2017
87. Surface temperatures and their influence on the permafrost thermal regime in high-Arctic rock walls on Svalbard J. Schmidt et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-2491-2021
88. Quality of local scale surface weather analogs over the north-west Himalaya (NWH), India D. Singh et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12040-019-1216-4
89. A high-fidelity multiresolution digital elevation model for Earth systems X. Duan et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-239-2017
90. The Sensitivity of Heatwave Climatology to Input Gridded Datasets: A Case Study of Ukraine O. Skrynyk et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos16030289
91. Statistical Downscaling of Gridded Wind Speed Data Using Local Topography A. Winstral et al. https://doi.org/10.1175/JHM-D-16-0054.1
92. Small event, big impact: insights from Vallunaraju cascade event on April 28, 2025 D. Cusicanqui et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s44304-026-00229-0
93. Permafrost zonation index map and statistics over the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau based on field evidence B. Cao et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp.2006
94. Simulating the effect of subsurface drainage on the thermal regime and ground ice in blocky terrain in Norway C. Renette et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-11-33-2023
95. Modelling present and future rock wall permafrost distribution in the Sisimiut mountain area, West Greenland M. Marcer et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1753-2024
96. Wind‐Topo: Downscaling near‐surface wind fields to high‐resolution topography in highly complex terrain with deep learning J. Dujardin & M. Lehning https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.4265
97. Greek mountain snow cover halved in past four decades due to regional warming K. Alexopoulos et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-20-2209-2026
98. A combined data assimilation and deep learning approach for continuous spatio-temporal SWE reconstruction from sparse ground tracks M. Guidicelli et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydroa.2024.100190
99. Effects of meteorological forcing uncertainty on high-resolution snow modeling and streamflow prediction in a mountainous karst watershed C. Tyson et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2023.129304