Geoscientific Model Development
Geoscientific Model Development
GMD
Articles | Volume 18, issue 14
Articles | Volume 18, issue 14
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-4499-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-4499-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 18, issue 14
Model evaluation paper
 | 
24 Jul 2025
Model evaluation paper |  | 24 Jul 2025

Low-level jets in the North and Baltic seas: mesoscale model sensitivity and climatology using WRF V4.2.1

Bjarke T. E. Olsen, Andrea N. Hahmann, Nicolas G. Alonso-de-Linaje, Mark Žagar, and Martin Dörenkämper

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Latest update: 16 Oct 2025
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Short summary
Low-level jets (LLJs) are strong winds in the lower atmosphere that are important for wind energy as turbines get taller. This study compares a weather model (WRF) with real data across five North and Baltic Sea sites. Adjusting the model improved accuracy over the widely used ERA5. In key offshore regions, LLJs occur 10–15 % of the time and significantly boost wind power, especially in spring and summer, contributing up to 30 % of total capacity in some areas.
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