Geoscientific Model Development
Geoscientific Model Development
GMD
Articles | Volume 18, issue 12
Articles | Volume 18, issue 12
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-3583-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-3583-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 18, issue 12
Model description paper
 | 
18 Jun 2025
Model description paper |  | 18 Jun 2025

A Flexible Snow Model (FSM 2.1.1) including a forest canopy

Richard Essery, Giulia Mazzotti, Sarah Barr, Tobias Jonas, Tristan Quaife, and Nick Rutter

Viewed

Total article views: 3,973 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
HTML PDF XML Total BibTeX EndNote
3,193 394 386 3,973 79 125
  • HTML: 3,193
  • PDF: 394
  • XML: 386
  • Total: 3,973
  • BibTeX: 79
  • EndNote: 125
Views and downloads (calculated since 11 Oct 2024)
Cumulative views and downloads (calculated since 11 Oct 2024)

Viewed (geographical distribution)

Total article views: 3,973 (including HTML, PDF, and XML) Thereof 3,868 with geography defined and 105 with unknown origin.
Country # Views %
  • 1
1
 
 
 
 
Latest update: 13 Apr 2026
Download
Short summary
How forests influence accumulation and melt of snow on the ground is of long-standing interest, but uncertainty remains in how best to model forest snow processes. We developed the Flexible Snow Model version 2 to quantify these uncertainties. In a first model demonstration, how unloading of intercepted snow from the forest canopy is represented is responsible for the largest uncertainty. Global mapping of forest distribution is also likely to be a large source of uncertainty in existing models.
Read more
Share