Articles | Volume 16, issue 3
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-1105-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-1105-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Model description paper
| 
14 Feb 2023
Model description paper |
| 14 Feb 2023
| 14 Feb 2023
GCAM-CDR v1.0: enhancing the representation of carbon dioxide removal technologies and policies in an integrated assessment model
Institute for Carbon Removal Law and Policy, American University,
Washington, DC, 20016, USA
Raphael Apeaning
Institute for Carbon Removal Law and Policy, American University,
Washington, DC, 20016, USA
Garrett Guard
Institute for Carbon Removal Law and Policy, American University,
Washington, DC, 20016, USA
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Cited
23 citations as recorded by crossref.
- El derecho de la geoingeniería: aproximaciones a los riesgos, responsabilidades y gobernanza global como medida para mitigar el cambio climático J. Sarmiento Erazo https://doi.org/10.11144/Javeriana.vj73.dgar
- Targeted carbon dioxide removal measures are essential for the cost and energy transformation of the electricity sector by 2050 S. Afrane et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-025-02190-8
- Integrated assessment of carbon dioxide removal portfolios: land, energy, and economic trade-offs for climate policy S. Chiquier et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ada4c0
- Decarbonization potential and limits of e-fuel policies in the EU J. Campos-Rodríguez et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2026.115529
- Risks of relying on uncertain carbon dioxide removal in climate policy M. Bindl et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-61106-4
- Sustainability implications of different carbon dioxide removal technologies in the context of Europe's climate neutrality goal H. Adun et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2024.04.003
- Prospects of CCUS technology under resource utilization and environmental risks L. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2025.113608
- Retrofitting Coal Power Units with Biomass and Coal Cofiring Intensifies Air Pollution and Health Risks B. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c04122
- The Role of Carbon Removal in Ratcheting India’s Net-Zero Goal A. Ogungbemi & M. Dagbasi https://doi.org/10.3390/su17125632
- The Impact of Global Direct Air Capture Cost Uncertainty on Carbon Removal Contribution under Climate Targets Z. JU et al. https://doi.org/10.3724/j.issn.2097-4981.JECC-2025-0064
- Land–energy nexus to assess the contribution of carbon dioxide removal in net-zero emission pathways S. Chlela et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2026.128215
- Carbon dioxide removal and net zero emissions in Africa: an integrated assessment modelling based on three different land-based negative emission solutions J. Ampah et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad5dcf
- Toward quantification of the feasible potential of land-based carbon dioxide removal O. Perkins et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oneear.2023.11.011
- Does China's pathway to carbon neutrality require the integration of land-based biological negative emission solutions with geochemical and chemical alternatives? J. Ampah et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2023.12.025
- Land system changes of terrestrial tipping elements on Earth under global climate pledges: 2000–2100 J. Lv et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-025-04444-8
- Bridging the divide: How unequal carbon dioxide removal deployment threatens climate equity and global mitigation feasibility R. Apeaning et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2025.09.012
- Advocating Feedback Control for Human-Earth System Applications G. Cavraro https://doi.org/10.1109/LCSYS.2024.3413392
- Biochar from Livestock Waste: A Pathway to Sustainable Agriculture and Climate Change Mitigation N. Preuss et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c11216
- Ambitious efforts on residual emissions can reduce CO2 removal and lower peak temperatures in a net-zero future J. Fuhrman et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad456d
- Techno-economic assessment of waste heat-powered direct air capture in the refinery and petrochemical sectors in Saudi Arabia N. Odeh et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100451
- AD-MERGE 2.0: an integrated assessment of the Nexus among energy transitions, climate impacts, and adaptation responses K. Amirmoeini et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-8081-2026
- Rate and growth limits for carbon capture and storage J. Fuhrman et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/add9af
- Life Cycle Assessment and System Integration of Carbon Dioxide Removal: Addressing Challenges in Environmental Evaluation and Model Representation S. Chlela & S. Selosse https://doi.org/10.1007/s40518-025-00271-y
23 citations as recorded by crossref.
- El derecho de la geoingeniería: aproximaciones a los riesgos, responsabilidades y gobernanza global como medida para mitigar el cambio climático J. Sarmiento Erazo https://doi.org/10.11144/Javeriana.vj73.dgar
- Targeted carbon dioxide removal measures are essential for the cost and energy transformation of the electricity sector by 2050 S. Afrane et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-025-02190-8
- Integrated assessment of carbon dioxide removal portfolios: land, energy, and economic trade-offs for climate policy S. Chiquier et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ada4c0
- Decarbonization potential and limits of e-fuel policies in the EU J. Campos-Rodríguez et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2026.115529
- Risks of relying on uncertain carbon dioxide removal in climate policy M. Bindl et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-61106-4
- Sustainability implications of different carbon dioxide removal technologies in the context of Europe's climate neutrality goal H. Adun et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2024.04.003
- Prospects of CCUS technology under resource utilization and environmental risks L. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2025.113608
- Retrofitting Coal Power Units with Biomass and Coal Cofiring Intensifies Air Pollution and Health Risks B. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c04122
- The Role of Carbon Removal in Ratcheting India’s Net-Zero Goal A. Ogungbemi & M. Dagbasi https://doi.org/10.3390/su17125632
- The Impact of Global Direct Air Capture Cost Uncertainty on Carbon Removal Contribution under Climate Targets Z. JU et al. https://doi.org/10.3724/j.issn.2097-4981.JECC-2025-0064
- Land–energy nexus to assess the contribution of carbon dioxide removal in net-zero emission pathways S. Chlela et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2026.128215
- Carbon dioxide removal and net zero emissions in Africa: an integrated assessment modelling based on three different land-based negative emission solutions J. Ampah et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad5dcf
- Toward quantification of the feasible potential of land-based carbon dioxide removal O. Perkins et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oneear.2023.11.011
- Does China's pathway to carbon neutrality require the integration of land-based biological negative emission solutions with geochemical and chemical alternatives? J. Ampah et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2023.12.025
- Land system changes of terrestrial tipping elements on Earth under global climate pledges: 2000–2100 J. Lv et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-025-04444-8
- Bridging the divide: How unequal carbon dioxide removal deployment threatens climate equity and global mitigation feasibility R. Apeaning et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2025.09.012
- Advocating Feedback Control for Human-Earth System Applications G. Cavraro https://doi.org/10.1109/LCSYS.2024.3413392
- Biochar from Livestock Waste: A Pathway to Sustainable Agriculture and Climate Change Mitigation N. Preuss et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c11216
- Ambitious efforts on residual emissions can reduce CO2 removal and lower peak temperatures in a net-zero future J. Fuhrman et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad456d
- Techno-economic assessment of waste heat-powered direct air capture in the refinery and petrochemical sectors in Saudi Arabia N. Odeh et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100451
- AD-MERGE 2.0: an integrated assessment of the Nexus among energy transitions, climate impacts, and adaptation responses K. Amirmoeini et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-8081-2026
- Rate and growth limits for carbon capture and storage J. Fuhrman et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/add9af
- Life Cycle Assessment and System Integration of Carbon Dioxide Removal: Addressing Challenges in Environmental Evaluation and Model Representation S. Chlela & S. Selosse https://doi.org/10.1007/s40518-025-00271-y
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 16 Sep 2026
Short summary
GCAM-CDR is a variant of the Global Change Analysis Model that makes it easier to study the roles that carbon dioxide removal (CDR) might play in climate policy. Building on GCAM 5.4, GCAM-CDR adds several extra technologies to permanently remove carbon dioxide from the air and enables users to simulate a wider range of CDR-related policies and controls.
GCAM-CDR is a variant of the Global Change Analysis Model that makes it easier to study the...
